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排序方式: 共有317条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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KURT KRÄUCHI PAOLA FONTANA GASIO STEPHANIE VOLLENWEIDER MARIELLA VON ARB BARBARA DUBLER SELIM ORGÜL JOSEF FLAMMER ELISABETH ZEMP STUTZ 《Journal of sleep research》2008,17(4):420-426
Difficulties initiating sleep (DIS) can frequently occur in psychiatric disorders but also in the general population. The primary vasospastic syndrome is a functional disorder of vascular regulation in otherwise healthy subjects complaining of thermal discomfort from cold extremities (TDCE). Laboratory studies have shown a close relationship between long sleep onset latency and increased distal vasoconstriction in healthy young subjects. Considering these findings, the aims of the Basel Survey were to assess the prevalence rates for DIS and TDCE and to determine whether both symptoms can be associated in the general population. In a random population sample of Basel‐Stadt, 2800 subjects (age: 20–40 years) were requested to complete a questionnaire on sleep behavior and TDCE (response rate: 72.3% in women, n = 1001; 60.0% in men, n = 809). Values of DIS and TDCE were based on questionnaire‐derived scores. In addition, TDCE was externally validated in a separate group of subjects (n = 256) by finger skin temperature measurements—high TDCE values were significantly associated with low finger skin temperature. A total of 31.1% of women and 6.9% of men complain of TDCE. In contrast, prevalence rates of DIS were only slightly higher in women in comparison to men (9.3% versus 6.7%, P < 0.1). Irrespective of gender, each seventh subject complaining of TDCE had concomitant DIS and the relative risk in these subjects was approximately doubled. Therefore, a thermophysiological approach to DIS may be relevant for its differential diagnosis and its treatment. 相似文献
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Knee pain and disability in the Nottingham community: association with poor health status and psychological distress 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:4
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of knee pain, disability and health
status in the community, and to examine the association of pain with
psychological distress. METHODS: A postal survey was sent to 4057 men and
women aged 40-79 yr in Nottingham. Health status was assessed using the
SF-36 instrument, with the specific dimensions of physical function and
mental health used to measure disability and psychological distress.
RESULTS: The overall response rate was 81.9%. The prevalence of knee pain
was 28.7%, rising with age. Disability was more common in those with knee
pain compared to those without pain (P < 0.001). Subjects with knee pain
had lower scores for all dimensions of health. When adjusted for potential
confounders, low mental health scores associated with increased odds for
pain and disability (2.1, 95% CI 1.7- 2.6; and 4.7, 95% CI 3.7-6.1).
CONCLUSIONS: Knee pain is common in this population and is associated with
poor perceived health and significant disability. Psychological distress
strongly associates with both pain and disability.
相似文献
156.
GE Moore PL Painter KR Brinker J Stray-Gundersen JH Mitchell 《American journal of kidney diseases》1998,31(4):631-637
Exercise intolerance is a problem in renal failure. Stationary cycle training during hemodialysis treatment is recommended as safe, effective, and practical, but requires compensations for both exercise and acute changes in uremia. Eight patients pedalled for 5 minutes, at 60% of VO2peak, at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours of a hemodialysis treatment. Fluid removed, blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, O2 uptake, hematocrit, and arterial O2 content were measured. Mean arterial blood pressure, systemic vascular resistance, stroke volume, (a-v)O2 difference, and mixed-venous O2 content were calculated. Fluid removed was 1,356 mL/hr (P < 0.002 for each hour), but with no significant cardiovascular effects during the first 2 hours. At 3 hours, decreasing cardiac output, stroke volume, and mean arterial pressure all reached significance at rest (P < 0.05), and five of eight patients could not exercise. We conclude that the cardiovascular exercise response is superimposed on hemodynamic effects of dialysis and is adequately stable during the first 2 hours of treatment. After 2 hours, cardiovascular decompensation may preclude exercise. 相似文献
157.
KR Tuttle 《American journal of kidney diseases》1998,32(5):842-5; discussion 845-7
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DD Marciniuk P Hernandez M Balter J Bourbeau KR Chapman GT Ford JL Lauzon F Maltais DE O’Donnell D Goodridge C Strange AJ Cave K Curren S Muthuri Canadian Thoracic Society COPD Clinical Assembly Alpha- Antitrypsin Deficiency Expert Working Group 《Canadian respiratory journal》2012,19(2):109-116
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) functions primarily to inhibit neutrophil elastase, and deficiency predisposes individuals to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Severe A1AT deficiency occurs in one in 5000 to one in 5500 of the North American population. While the exact prevalence of A1AT deficiency in patients with diagnosed COPD is not known, results from small studies provide estimates of 1% to 5%. The present document updates a previous Canadian Thoracic Society position statement from 2001, and was initiated because of lack of consensus and understanding of appropriate patients suitable for targeted testing for A1AT deficiency, and for the use of A1AT augmentation therapy. Using revised guideline development methodology, the present clinical practice guideline document systematically reviews the published literature and provides an evidence-based update. The evidence supports the practice that targeted testing for A1AT deficiency be considered in individuals with COPD diagnosed before 65 years of age or with a smoking history of <20 pack years. The evidence also supports consideration of A1AT augmentation therapy in nonsmoking or exsmoking patients with COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 25% to 80% predicted) attributable to emphysema and documented A1AT deficiency (level ≤11 μmol/L) who are receiving optimal pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies (including comprehensive case management and pulmonary rehabilitation) because of benefits in computed tomography scan lung density and mortality. 相似文献