地中海膳食对代谢综合征患者内皮功能不全和血管炎性标志物影响的随机试验研究

背景:代谢综合征已被确认为降低心血管疾病风险饮食治疗的靶标,但膳食对代谢综合征病因学的作用则知之甚少。目的:评价地中海膳食对代谢综合征患者内皮功能和血管炎性标志物的影响。设计、机构和患者:对2001年6月至2004年1月期间,在意大利大学医院根据成人治疗组第三次报告(ATPⅢ)确诊的180例(99例男性和81例女性)代谢综合征患者,进行随机化、单盲试验研究。干预:干预组患者(n=90)被要求接受地中海膳食,并就如何增加每日谷物、水果、蔬菜、干果和橄榄油总消耗量接受详细的指导。对照组患者(n=90)则应用精致膳食(碳水化合物50%～60%、蛋白…     

监狱环境中痰涂片阳性肺结核病:象牙海岸布瓦凯省劳改营的经验

背景:象牙海岸布瓦凯省监狱的劳改营目的:确定布瓦凯省监狱劳改营中涂片阳性肺结核病的临床、放射学和治疗的特点方法:本研究包括从未经过治疗的108例痰涂片阳性肺结核病人。推荐对所有病人采用为期6个月的三联化学疗法。结果:在所研究的监犯中,痰涂片阳性肺结核发病率非高(5.8％)。大多数病例结核感染还并发有营养不良(75％)。贫血(70％)和皮肤病(64％)。有30％的病例有HIV感染,50％的病例嗜烟酒。70％的病例X线片上可见广泛病损。为期6个月的治疗方案是有效的:108例中有80例(74.1％)治愈,占完成治疗的99.6％。然而,死亡率也是令人吃惊地占了24％,即每4例病人中有1例死亡。坐牢的主要原因是偷窃(73％)。结论:需进行另一些流行病学研究以确认促使结核病在此非常特殊的环境中从感染到发病的因素,并改善监犯的社会-卫生条件。     

肝细胞癌和基因研究

就肝癌的发生而言,腺瘤的增生是癌前期病损之一。在这类病灶的内部可以出现高分化肝细胞癌,且随着腺瘤的增大,有向未分化发展的趋向。但肝癌的发生和基因变化之间的关系尚不十分明白。 方法:本研究采用下列方法:(1)通过SSCP-PCR方法研究抑制致癌因于(p53,Rb)的突变。(2)用被切除的肝细胞癌,通过FISH观察染色体(No.16,17)的变化。(3)对末分化肝细胞癌衍生的癌细胞培养,比较p53     

Objective and subjective effects of remoxipride, alone and in combination with ethanol or diazepam, on performance in healthy subjects

Effects on human performance of remoxipride (RX), an antipsychotic drug of substituted benzamide structure, were studied in a randomized double-blind crossover trial where 12 young healthy volunteers took at 1 week intervals single oral doses of placebo or remoxipiride 100 mg both alone and in combination with 15 mg diazepam (DZ) or 0.8 g/kg ethanol (EtOH). Objective (digit symbols, tracking, choice reaction, flicker fusion, Maddox wing, body balance, memory) and subjective (visual analogue scales, questionnaire) tests were administered at baseline and 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 h post-treatment.     

Corneal graft endothelial cell densities after preservation in M-K, K-sol and MEM tissue culture media. A clinical and specular microscopic study

The endothelial cell densities of corneal transplants of 30 keratoconus patients have been studied. All operations were performed by the senior author using the same technique. Preservation systems M-K medium, MEM-solution and K-sol were used; ten grafts in each group. The average endothelial cell density for all 30 transplants was 1815 +/- 869 cells/mm2. The mean cell density was the lowest (1128 +/- 587 cells/mm2) and the mean follow-up time longest (2 years and 9 months) in M-K medium stored grafts. K-sol is the newest preservation method used in our hospital. It gave the best graft endothelial cell densities (2302 +/- 938 cells/mm2). The mean follow-up time was shortest in K-sol (8 months). The mean endothelial cell density for grafts from MEM-solution was 2015 +/- 614 cells/mm2) with the mean follow-up time of 1 year, 4 months.