全文获取类型
收费全文 | 76499篇 |
免费 | 4517篇 |
国内免费 | 754篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1386篇 |
儿科学 | 924篇 |
妇产科学 | 1164篇 |
基础医学 | 12954篇 |
口腔科学 | 2047篇 |
临床医学 | 6826篇 |
内科学 | 14155篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2574篇 |
神经病学 | 5639篇 |
特种医学 | 4192篇 |
外科学 | 10094篇 |
综合类 | 335篇 |
现状与发展 | 3篇 |
一般理论 | 25篇 |
预防医学 | 3611篇 |
眼科学 | 1671篇 |
药学 | 6929篇 |
中国医学 | 914篇 |
肿瘤学 | 6327篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 559篇 |
2022年 | 1783篇 |
2021年 | 2762篇 |
2020年 | 1385篇 |
2019年 | 1825篇 |
2018年 | 2307篇 |
2017年 | 1756篇 |
2016年 | 2524篇 |
2015年 | 3533篇 |
2014年 | 4073篇 |
2013年 | 4762篇 |
2012年 | 7092篇 |
2011年 | 6515篇 |
2010年 | 3805篇 |
2009年 | 3181篇 |
2008年 | 4585篇 |
2007年 | 4155篇 |
2006年 | 3516篇 |
2005年 | 3243篇 |
2004年 | 2758篇 |
2003年 | 2319篇 |
2002年 | 2008篇 |
2001年 | 1715篇 |
2000年 | 1600篇 |
1999年 | 1181篇 |
1998年 | 495篇 |
1997年 | 365篇 |
1996年 | 294篇 |
1995年 | 244篇 |
1994年 | 223篇 |
1993年 | 206篇 |
1992年 | 453篇 |
1991年 | 465篇 |
1990年 | 404篇 |
1989年 | 364篇 |
1988年 | 347篇 |
1987年 | 331篇 |
1986年 | 264篇 |
1985年 | 237篇 |
1984年 | 163篇 |
1983年 | 156篇 |
1982年 | 92篇 |
1981年 | 87篇 |
1979年 | 142篇 |
1978年 | 113篇 |
1975年 | 102篇 |
1974年 | 89篇 |
1972年 | 91篇 |
1971年 | 85篇 |
1970年 | 83篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Objectives:
Decreased fertility and impaired health owing to early menopause are significant health issues. Smoking is a modifiable health-related behavior that influences menopausal age. We investigated the effects of smoking-associated characteristics on menopausal age in Korean women.Methods:
This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2012. Menopausal age in relation to smoking was analyzed as a Kaplan-Meier survival curve for 11 510 women (aged 30 to 65 years). The risk of entering menopause and experiencing early menopause (before age 48) related to smoking were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model.Results:
The menopausal age among smokers was 0.75 years lower than that among non-smokers (p<0.001). The results of the Cox proportional hazards model showed pre-correction and post-correction risk ratios for entering menopause related to smoking of 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.46) and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.47), respectively, and pre-correction and post-correction risk ratios for experiencing early menopause related to smoking of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.80) and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.85), respectively.Conclusions:
Smokers reached menopause earlier than non-smokers, and their risk for experiencing early menopause was higher. 相似文献992.
Quang T. Nguyen Eun Joo Lee Melinda Gingman Huang Young In Park Aashish Khullar Raymond A. Plodkowski 《American Health & Drug Benefits》2015,8(1):30-40
Background
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, representing 3.8% of all new cancer cases in the United States and is the ninth most common cancer overall. The American Cancer Society estimates that 62,450 people in the United States will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer in 2015, and 1950 deaths will result from the disease.Objective
To review the current approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with thyroid cancer.Discussion
Over the past 3 decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people diagnosed with thyroid cancer, which may be attributable to the wide use of imaging studies, including ultrasounds, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography scans that incidentally detect thyroid nodules. Thyroid cancer is divided into several main types, with papillary thyroid cancer being the most common. The treatment options for patients with thyroid cancer include the surgical removal of the entire thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy), radioactive iodine therapy, and molecular-targeted therapies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This article summarizes the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer, with recommendations from the American Thyroid Association regarding thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Recently approved drugs and treatment trends are also explored.Conclusion
The prognosis and treatment of thyroid cancer depend on the tumor type and its stage at the time of diagnosis. Many thyroid cancers remain stable, microscopic, and indolent. The increasing treatment options for patients with thyroid cancer, including therapies that were recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, have kept the mortality rate from this malignancy low, despite the increase in its incidence. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve prognosis and reduce mortality. 相似文献993.
Objectives:
To investigate trends in the prevalence of allergic disease over a 9-year period.Methods:
Using National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) data, the annual number of patients with allergic disease was obtained for each regional subdivisions (small cities, counties, and districts) from 2003 to 2011. Annual populations for each sub-region were obtained and used to calculate the standardized prevalence. To compare prevalence within the study period, data was standardized spatially and temporally. For standardization, demographic data was used to obtain the registered population and demographic structure for 2010, which was used to perform direct standardization of previous years. In addition, a geographic information system (GIS) was used to visualize prevalence for individual sub-regions, and allergic diseases were categorized into five groups according to prevalence.Results:
The nationwide outpatient prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased approximately 2.3-fold, from 1.27% in 2003 to 2.97% in 2013, while inpatient prevalence also increased approximately 2.4-fold,. The outpatient prevalence of asthma increased 1.2-fold, and inpatient prevalence increased 1.3-fold. The outpatient prevalence of atopic dermatitis decreased approximately 12%, and inpatient prevalence decreased 5%.Conclusions:
There was a large difference between prevalence estimated from actual treatment data and prevalence based on patients’ self-reported data, particularly for allergic rhinitis. Prevalence must continually be calculated and trends should be analyzed for the efficient management of allergic diseases. To this end, prevalence studies using NHIS claims data may be useful. 相似文献994.
In-Ae Chun So-Yeon Ryu Jong Park Hee-Kyung Ro Mi-Ah Han 《Nutrition Research And Practice》2015,9(4):425-432
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESFood insecurity has been suggested as being negatively associated with healthy behaviors and health status. This study was performed to identify the associations between food insecurity and healthy behaviors among Korean adults.SUBJECTS/METHODSThe data used were the 2011 Community Health Survey, cross-sectional representative samples of 253 communities in Korea. Food insecurity was defined as when participants reported that their family sometimes or often did not get enough food to eat in the past year. Healthy behaviors were considered as non-smoking, non-high risk drinking, participation in physical activities, eating a regular breakfast, and maintaining a normal weight. Multiple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to identify the association between food insecurity and healthy behaviors.RESULTSThe prevalence of food insecurity was 4.4% (men 3.9%, women 4.9%). Men with food insecurity had lower odds ratios (ORs) for non-smoking, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.68-0.82), participation in physical activities, 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90), and eating a regular breakfast, 0.66 (95% CI: 0.59-0.74), whereas they had a higher OR for maintaining a normal weight, 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09-1.30), than men with food security. Women with food insecurity had lower ORs for non-smoking, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66-0.89), and eating a regular breakfast, 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88). For men, ORs for obesity were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70-0.87) for overweight and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.39-0.82) for mild obesity. For women, the OR for moderate obesity was 2.04 (95% CI: 1.14-3.63) as compared with normal weight.CONCLUSIONSFood insecurity has a different impact on healthy behaviors. Provision of coping strategies for food insecurity might be critical to improve healthy behaviors among the population. 相似文献
995.
Yun Hwan Kang Kyoung Kon Kim Dae Jung Kim Myeon Choe 《Nutrition Research And Practice》2015,9(6):606-612
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESSeveral medicinal properties of Smilax china L. have been studied including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, the antiobesity activity and mechanism by which the water-soluble fraction of this plant mediates its effects are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the lipolytic actions of the water-soluble fraction of Smilax china L. leaf ethanol extract (wsSCLE) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.MATERIALS/METHODSThe wsSCLE was identified by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. The wsSCLE was evaluated for its effects on cell viability, lipid accumulation, glycerol, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) contents. In addition, western blot analysis was used to evaluate the effects on protein kinase A (PKA), PKA substrates (PKAs), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). For the lipid accumulation assay, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with different doses of wsSCLE for 9 days starting 2 days post-confluence. In other cell experiments, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated for 24 h with wsSCLE.RESULTSResults showed that treatment with wsSCLE at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.25 mg/mL had no effect on cell morphology and viability. Without evidence of toxicity, wsSCLE treatment decreased lipid accumulation compared with the untreated adipocyte controls as shown by the lower absorbance of Oil Red O stain. The wsSCLE significantly induced glycerol release and cAMP production in mature 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, protein levels of phosphorylated PKA, PKAs, and HSL significantly increased following wsSCLE treatment.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate that the potential antiobesity activity of wsSCLE is at least in part due to the stimulation of cAMP-PKA-HSL signaling. In addition, the wsSCLE-stimulated lipolysis induced by the signaling is mediated via activation of the β-adrenergic receptor. 相似文献
996.
Jin-Hwa Jang Ji-Hae Lee Mi-Kyung Je Myeong-Ji Cho Young Mee Bae Hyeon Seok Son Insung Ahn 《Yebang Ŭihakhoe chi》2015,48(4):203-215
Objectives:
This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the incidence of national notifiable infectious diseases (NNIDs) and meteorological factors, air pollution levels, and hospital resources in Korea.Methods:
We collected and stored 660 000 pieces of publicly available data associated with infectious diseases from public data portals and the Diseases Web Statistics System of Korea. We analyzed correlations between the monthly incidence of these diseases and monthly average temperatures and monthly average relative humidity, as well as vaccination rates, number of hospitals, and number of hospital beds by district in Seoul.Results:
Of the 34 NNIDs, malaria showed the most significant correlation with temperature (r=0.949, p<0.01) and concentration of nitrogen dioxide (r=-0.884, p<0.01). We also found a strong correlation between the incidence of NNIDs and the number of hospital beds in 25 districts in Seoul (r=0.606, p<0.01). In particular, Geumcheon-gu was found to have the lowest incidence rate of NNIDs and the highest number of hospital beds per patient.Conclusions:
In this study, we conducted a correlational analysis of public data from Korean government portals that can be used as parameters to forecast the spread of outbreaks. 相似文献997.
Hye Jin Han Un Ju Jung Hye-Jin Kim Byoung Seok Moon Su-Jung Cho Yong Bok Park Dong Gun Lee Myung-Sook Choi 《Nutrition Research And Practice》2015,9(3):227-234
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
We investigated the effects of a combination of grape pomace (Vitis labrusca, Campbell Early) and Omija fruit (Schizandra chinensis, Baillon) ethanol extracts on lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system in diet-induced obese mice.MATERIALS/METHODS
Forty male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups and fed high-fat diet (control group, CON) or high-fat diet added 0.5% grape pomace extract (GPE), 0.05% Omija fruit extract (OFE) or 0.5% GPE plus 0.05% OFE (GPE+OFE) for 12 weeks.RESULTS
In contrast to the GPE- or OFE-supplemented groups, the GPE+OFE group showed significantly lower body weight and white adipose tissue weights than the CON group. Moreover, GPE+OFE supplementation significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol and increased the plasma HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio (HTR) compared to the control diet. The hepatic triglyceride level was significantly lower in the GPE+OFE and GPE groups by increasing β-oxidation and decreasing lipogenic enzyme compared to the CON group. Furthermore, GPE+OFE supplementation significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities with a simultaneous decrease in liver H2O2 content compared to the control diet.CONCLUSIONS
Together our results suggest that supplementation with the GPE+OFE mixture may be more effective in improving adiposity, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice than those with GPE and OFE alone. 相似文献998.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic ailment with a rapidly increasing incidence due to dietary hypernutrition and subsequent obesity. Fatty liver disease can lead to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even cancer, which is associated with various complications. Discovering effective natural materials and herbs can provide alternative and complementary medical treatments to current chemical pharmaceuticals. To develop an effective natural agent for NAFLD, we formulated a combination of four herb mixtures (KIOM2012H) and observed lipid-lowering efficacy. The inhibitory effects of KIOM2012H on free fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation, triglyceride contents, and gene expressions were analyzed in HepG2 cells. Using high fat diet-fed mice, body weight changes, gross liver appearances, hepatic triglyceride contents, and gene expressions were evaluated. KIOM2012H dose-dependently inhibited lipid accumulation and gene expressions involved in lipogenesis and related regulators. Experimental animals also showed a decrease in body weight changes and lipid-associated physiological parameters. This study shows that KIOM2012H has an alleviating effect on fatty acid and lipid accumulation, and therefore can be applied for development of new therapeutic pharmaceuticals for treatment of NAFLD using natural products and herbs. 相似文献
999.
Sunyoung Jung Bo-Mi Hwang Hyun Ju Jeong Gyung Tae Chung Cheon-Kwon Yoo Yeon-Ho Kang Deog-Yong Lee 《Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives》2015,6(5):322-326
Human noroviruses are major causative agents of food and waterborne outbreaks of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis. In this study, we report the epidemiological features of three outbreak cases of norovirus in Korea, and we describe the clinical symptoms and distribution of the causative genotypes. The incidence rates of the three outbreaks were 16.24% (326/2,007), 4.1% (27/656), and 16.8% (36/214), respectively. The patients in these three outbreaks were affected by acute gastroenteritis. These schools were provided unheated food from the same manufacturing company. Two genotypes (GII.3 and GII.4) of the norovirus were detected in these cases. Among them, major causative strains of GII.4 (Hu-jeju-47-2007KR-like) were identified in patients, food handlers, and groundwater from the manufacturing company of the unheated food. In the GII.4 (Hu-jeju-47-2007KR-like) strain of the norovirus, the nucleotide sequences were identical and identified as the GII.4 Sydney variant. Our data suggests that the combined epidemiological and laboratory results were closely related, and the causative pathogen was the GII.4 Sydney variant strain from contaminated groundwater. 相似文献
1000.
Nan-Ok Kim Su-Mi Jung Hae-Young Na Gyung Tae Chung Cheon-Kwon Yoo Won Keun Seong Sahyun Hong 《Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives》2015,6(4):233-240