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991.
In contrast with other systemic rheumatic diseases in childhood, no systematic studies exist that focus on possible long-term risks for central nervous system involvement in systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (SJRA). We investigated 31 children and adolescents with SJRA, aged 6 to 24 years (mean, 12.5 years; standard deviation, 4.3 years), with mean disease duration of 6.2 years (standard deviation, 3.5 years; range, 0.6-14 years) for their cognitive and fine motor abilities. We also examined 31 matched healthy control subjects. In addition, parents assessed social activities and social and emotional problems in their children. Patients and control subjects performed within normal limits of intelligence quotient, memory and learning, attention, and fine motor scores. Less social activities were reported for patients. Patients and control subjects, however, had normal social and emotional problem scores. SJRA, although a burdensome chronic disease, is not associated with cognitive impairment or increased social and emotional problems. Cognitive performance and social adjustment of young patients with SJRA are not affected by disease activity and duration. 相似文献
992.
Henri?t?van?MiddendorpEmail author Rinie?Geenen Marjolijn?J.?Sorbi Joop?J.?Hox Ad?J.?J.?M.?Vingerhoets Lorenz?J.?P.?van?Doornen Johannes?W.?J.?Bijlsma 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2005,29(1):44-53
Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis face the challenge of adjusting to adverse health consequences and accompanying emotions.
Styles of emotion regulation may affect health.Purpose: The objective is to examine associations between styles of emotion regulation and perceived health, consisting of psychological
well-being, social functioning, physical functioning, and disease activity.Methods: Principal component analysis was used to summarize styles of emotion regulation of 335 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Relationships between emotion regulation and perceived health were examined with structural equation modeling.Results: Four styles of emotion regulation were identified: ambiguity, control, orientation, and expression. Ambiguity and control
were mutually correlated, as were orientation and expression. Styles of emotion regulation were not uniquely related to perceived
physical functioning and disease activity. Emotional ambiguity and orientation were related to poorer, whereas expression
and control were related to more favorable psychological well-being and social functioning.Conclusions: Our cross-sectional study suggests that emotion regulation is not of direct importance for perceived somatic health of patients
with rheumatoid arthritis, but it may be of importance for psychological well-being and social functioning, and perhaps through
this route for somatic health. The more conscious and controlled aspects of control and expression are positively related
to psychosocial health, and the more unconscious automatic aspects of ambiguity and orientation are negatively related. Changing
emotion regulation will potentially affect psychosocial health. It would be worthwhile to verify this possibility in prospective
research.
This study was financially supported by the Dutch Arthritis Association. We thank all rheumatologists and rheumatology nurses
of the Arthritis Research Foundation Utrecht (SRU) for recruitment of participants. We also thank Bert Garssen and the reviewers
and editor of this journal for their valuable comments and suggestions on previous drafts of the article. 相似文献
993.
Background: This study evaluates the short-term efficacy and respondents’ evaluations of a Web-based computer-tailored nutrition intervention,
aiming to decrease saturated fat intake and increase fruit and vegetable intake. Perceived personal relevance, individualization,
and interestingness of the information were tested as mediators of the effects of the tailored intervention.Purpose: The objective was to study the short-term effects of a Web-based computer-tailored nutrition intervention.Methods: Respondents (N = 782) were randomly assigned to a tailored intervention group, a generic nutrition information control group,
or a no-information control group. Fat, fruit, and vegetable intakes and behavioral determinants were measured at baseline
and at 3 weeks postintervention. Posttest group differences were determined by multiple linear regression analyses.Results: The computer-tailored intervention produced significant effects for the determinants of fat, fruit, and vegetable intake
and for vegetable and fruit intake. The tailored information was rated as more personally relevant, individualized, interesting,
and new than the generic nutrition information. Perceived personal relevance, individualization, and interestingness were
identified as mediators of some of the tailoring effects.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that Web-based, computer-tailored nutrition information can have a short-term effect
on the determinants of fat, fruit, and vegetable intake. The effect of the tailored information may be partly explained by
the perceived personal relevance and individualization of the information.
The study was supported financially by ZonMw, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development. The research
was conducted at the University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. 相似文献
994.
995.
Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of sporadic cerebellar ataxia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Bürk K Bühring U Schulz JB Zühlke C Hellenbroich Y Dichgans J 《Archives of neurology》2005,62(6):981-985
BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type (MSA-C) and idiopathic cerebellar ataxia with extracerebellar presentation (IDCA-P) represent distinct entities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the discriminative validity of magnetic resonance imaging in sporadic cerebellar ataxia. DESIGN: Basal ganglia and infratentorial structures were screened for signal abnormalities and atrophic changes. Magnetic resonance imaging raters were masked to the clinical diagnosis. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Forty-one individuals were diagnosed as having MSA-C (n = 30) or IDCA-P (n = 11) based on their clinical features. RESULTS: Shrinkage of the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres was found in both groups. Atrophy of the brainstem and middle cerebellar peduncles was significantly more frequent in patients with MSA-C (P<.001). Hyperintensities of infratentorial structures were common in patients with MSA-C (middle cerebellar peduncles: 87%; pons: 97%) but were absent in patients with IDCA-P. Hypointensities or hyperintensities of basal ganglia structures did not reliably differentiate the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MSA-C were characterized by a higher frequency and severity of magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities (atrophic changes and additional hyperintense signal changes) of the middle cerebellar peduncles and pons. The presence of these magnetic resonance imaging features points to the diagnosis of MSA-C and helps differentiate MSA-C from other types of sporadic cerebellar ataxia with extracerebellar features. 相似文献
996.
Localization of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in microvessel endothelium of human control and epileptic brain 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Aronica E Gorter JA Redeker S van Vliet EA Ramkema M Scheffer GL Scheper RJ van der Valk P Leenstra S Baayen JC Spliet WG Troost D 《Epilepsia》2005,46(6):849-857
PURPOSE: Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a half adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter expressed on cellular membranes and included in the group of multidrug resistant (MDR)-related proteins. Recently, upregulation of different MDR proteins has been shown in human epilepsy-associated conditions. This study investigated the expression and cellular distribution of BCRP in human control and epileptic brain, including a large number of both neoplastic and nonneoplastic specimens from patients with chronic pharmacoresistant epilepsy. METHODS: Several epileptogenic pathologies, such as hippocampal sclerosis (HS), focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, oligodendroglioma astrocytoma, and glioblastoma multiforme were studied by using Western blot and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: With Western blot, we could demonstrate the presence of BCRP in both normal and epileptic human brain tissue. In contrast to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 2, BCRP expression levels did not change in tissue from patients with HS, compared with control hippocampus. No BCRP immunoreactivity was observed in glial or neuronal cells, including reactive astrocytes and dysplastic neurons in FCD. BCRP expression was, however, increased in tumor brain tissue. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated that BCRP was exclusively located in blood vessels and was highly expressed at the luminal cell surface and in newly formed tumor capillaries. This localization closely resembles that of P-gp. The higher expression observed in astrocytomas by Western blot analysis was related to the higher vascular density within the tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate a constitutive expression of BCRP in human endothelial cells, representing an important barrier against drug access to the brain. In particular, the strong BCRP expression in the microvasculature of epileptogenic brain tumors could critically influence the bioavailability of drugs within the tumor and contribute to pharmacoresistance. 相似文献
997.
Memantine inhibits ethanol-induced NMDA receptor up-regulation in rat hippocampal neurons 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Maler JM Esselmann H Wiltfang J Kunz N Lewczuk P Reulbach U Bleich S Rüther E Kornhuber J 《Brain research》2005,1052(2):156-162
The present study examined the effect of memantine, an uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on ethanol-induced NMDA receptor up-regulation. Primary glutamatergic rat hippocampal neurons were exposed to ethanol and memantine for 5 days. The ethanol-sensitive NMDA receptor subunits NR1, NR2A and NR2B were quantified by Western immunoblot analysis. Exposure to ethanol (50 mM) caused an increase in the levels of NR1 (137 +/- 11% of untreated control, P = 0.009), NR2A (128 +/- 14%, P = 0.022) and NR2B (136 +/- 19%, P = 0.012). Coincubation with memantine (10 microM) completely blocked the ethanol-induced up-regulation of NR1 (102 +/- 4%), NR2A (95 +/- 7%) and NR2B (105 +/- 13%). No effect of memantine on NR subunit expression was observable, except for NR2A, where a decrease (79 +/- 6%, P = 0.034) was noted. Neither ethanol nor memantine alone or in combination were toxic in the concentrations tested. These results may provide a molecular explanation for beneficial effects of memantine on ethanol-induced glutamatergic hyperexcitability reflected in the ethanol withdrawal syndrome and on the development of ethanol dependence. 相似文献
998.
Mockenhaupt M Idzko M Grosber M Schöpf E Norgauer J 《The Journal of investigative dermatology》2005,124(4):700-703
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a blistering skin disorder caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The "Dokumentationszentrum schwerer Hautreaktionen", a unique population-based registry for severe skin reactions, included SSSS during a time period of 2 y in Germany. Statistical calculations indicated a low overall incidence between 0.09 and 0.13 cases per 1 million inhabitants per year with 95% confidence interval of [0-4]. The age distribution showed two clusters; one in young children and one in adults. The mortality rate was much lower in children than in adults. Young age was the main risk factor, whereas immunosuppression and consumptive infectious disease were the detected risk factors in adults. 相似文献
999.
1000.