Highly covalent molecular cage based porous organic polymer: pore size control and pore property enhancement

It remains a great challenge to effectively control the pore size in porous organic polymers (POPs) because of the disordered linking modes. Herein, we used organic molecular cages (OMCs), possessing the properties of fixed intrinsic cavities, high numbers of reactive sites and dissolvable processability, as building blocks to construct a molecular cage-based POP (TPP-pOMC) with high valency through covalent cross coupling reaction. In the formed TPP-pOMC, the originating blocking pore channels of TPP-OMC were “turned on” and formed fixed pore channels (5.3 Å) corresponding to the connective intrinsic cavities of cages, and intermolecular pore channels (1.34 and 2.72 nm) between cages. Therefore, TPP-pOMC showed significant enhancement in Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and CO₂ adsorption capacity.

By utilizing the cage to framework strategy, the blocking pores of the cage itself were “turned on” to construct a highly covalent molecular cage based porous organic polymer.     

色素上皮源性因子对缺血-再灌注视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用

目的:研究色素上皮源性因子(pigment epithelium derived factor,PEDF)对高眼压诱导的大鼠视网膜缺血-再灌注后视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用.方法:经眼角膜进行前房平衡盐水(BSS)灌注,维持眼内压110 mmHg,以阻止视网膜正常血液灌注.60 min后取出灌注针头,恢复视网膜正常血流,从而建立大鼠视网膜缺血-再灌注模型.实验分为正常非缺血组和视网膜缺血-再灌注组,后者又分为生理盐水注射对照组和PEDF注射实验组,再灌注模型建立后立即向实验组大鼠玻璃体腔内注射0.2 g/L PEDF 2 μL.实验对照组用同样方法注射等量生理盐水.分别于注射后2 d和7 d进行眼球摘除,对视网膜进行光学显微镜形态学观察和Fas原位杂交免疫学分析,探讨PEDF对缺血-再灌注视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用.结果:缺血-再灌注2 d时生理盐水注射组和PEDF注射组视网膜神经节细胞明显少于正常对照组(P＜0.01)和(P＜0.05),PEDF注射组视网膜神经节细胞数较生理盐水注射组明显较多,相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05);视网膜神经节细胞计数再灌注7 d后结果与2 d时类似.再灌注2 d生理盐水注射组Fas阳性染色细胞比PEDF注射组明显较多(P＜0.05),生理盐水组比PEDF注射组阳性细胞百分率明显较高(P＜O.01);再灌注7 d时两组Fas阳性细胞计数无明显差异.结论:视网膜缺血-再灌注后即刻行玻璃体腔内PEDF注射可以改善视网膜神经节细胞的损伤并有一定保护作用.     

VEGF siRNA对兔眼碱烧伤后角膜新生血管的抑制作用

目的:研究血管内皮生长因子小干扰RNA(VEGF small in-terfering RNA,VEGF siRNA)对兔眼碱烧伤后角膜新生血管的抑制作用。方法:普通家兔25只以碱烧伤法(1mol/LNaOH溶液)诱导角膜新生血管(CNV)生成。碱烧伤后立即以脂质体(LF2000)为载体,右眼球结膜下注射VEGF siRNA重组质粒,左眼球结膜下注射pSilencer 2.1-U6 hygro空白质粒作为阴性对照。碱烧伤后1,3,5,7,14d,形态学分析评价角膜新生血管的生长情况。结果:与对照眼相比,碱烧伤后球结膜下注射VEGF siRNA重组质粒,实验眼在各时间段(3,5,7,14d),CNV长度明显变短,面积明显变小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:VEGF siRNA能有效地抑制碱烧伤后CNV的形成。     

超声生物显微镜对慢性低眼压诊断和治疗的动态监测

目的:一组以UBM诊断为基础的慢性低眼压患者,经眼压、裂隙灯显微镜、眼底检查、UBM3~6mo的动态监测,了解低眼压的恢复情况,不同治疗方法的效果,说明UBM在低眼压诊断和治疗中的作用。方法:慢性低眼压45眼(眼压≤8mmHg),平均眼压为5.59(2~8)mmHg,病史超过1mo。所有患者均进行常规眼科检查,包括视力、裂隙灯、眼压检查、前房角镜、间接检眼镜、UBM检查,治疗分为药物组和手术组,于治疗后1wk;1,3和6mo进行随访检查。结果:经UBM检查有24眼(53%)为钝伤性低眼压,主要为睫状体脉络膜脱离;16眼(36%)为各种内眼手术后所致的低眼压;1例(0.04%)患者为风湿性心脏病继发双眼葡萄膜炎。基线眼压与治疗后随访眼压比较,均存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。末次眼压和基线眼压之间无相关性,而和病史及发病年龄均呈强的负相关性。42眼(93%)UBM检查有形态学结构改变,睫状体异常占87%。药物组和手术组的基线眼压分别为5.91和4.95mmHg,存在显著性差异(P<0.05),药物组病史明显长于手术组,而手术组发病年龄明显低于药物组,随访的末次眼压分别为10.42和11.25mmHg,无显著性差异。结论:经治疗两组眼压均有显著提高,手术组的患者病情明显重于药物组,治疗前眼压低,发病年龄小,但治疗后眼压效果相似。UBM无论在低眼压的诊断,还是治疗后监测中均有非常重要的作用。     

Simultaneous quantification of apolipoproteins A-I,E, and J in human plasma by LC-MS/MS for clinical application to diabetes mellitus complicated with cardiovascular disease

Apolipoproteins (Apos) play an important role in regulating plasma lipid concentration. Complex disorders of Apos are highly related with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and other diseases. Direct measures of lipoprotein fractions for risk assessment suffer from inaccuracy in the dyslipidemia and pathological states. Therefore, a reliable precise assay will be of high clinical utility. LC-MS/MS methods with multiple reaction monitoring modes have proven suitable for multiplexed quantification. We aimed to develop a simple, cost-effective and amenable LC-MS/MS assay for quantification of ApoA-I, ApoE and ApoJ in human plasma. Standards were constructed from substitute matrix and proteotypic peptides for external calibration and corresponding stable isotope labeled peptides were added as internal standards to remove matrix effects. Analytical validation of the assay included the assessment of linearity, accuracy (RE: −3.02% to 5.32%), intra-assay precision (RSD: 2.50% to 6.56%), inter-assay precision (RSD: 0.78% to 6.68%), spiking recovery rate (accuracy: 87.17% to 112.71%), matrix effect (accuracy: 88.03% to 114.87%), and reproducibility and repeatability of sample preparation (RSD: 1.95% to 7.26%). The performance of proteotypic peptides ApoA-I, ApoE and ApoJ was sufficient for triplex quantitation within a linear range from 16.26 to 1626.41 pmol mL⁻¹, 1.03 to 103.35 pmol mL⁻¹ and 0.86 to 86.46 pmol mL⁻¹ respectively. For all quantified peptides, the determination coefficient (R²) was >0.997. Besides, the validated LC-MS/MS method has been successfully applied to the quantification of plasma samples in diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. We anticipate that this assay may provide an alternative method for future clinical applications.

Simultaneous quantification of apolipoproteins A-I, E, and J in human plasma by LC-MS/MS.     

高度近视性斜视的研究进展

高度近视性斜视是一种特殊类型的斜视,以固定性内斜视和下斜视多见.本文系统描述了该病的临床特征,并初步总结了针对该疾病的特征性检查,分析比较了近期国内外对高度近视性斜视的治疗方法.     

Protection of rat islet viability following heme oxygenase-1 gene transfection via adenoviral vector in vitro

Objective: To investigate the effect of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene transfection on the viability of cultured rat islets, and to explore the potential value of HO-1 gene in islet transplantation. Methods:Recombinant adenovirus vector containing human HO-1 gene(Ad-HO-1 ) or enhanced green fluorescent protein gene(Ad-EGFP) was generated by using AdEasy system respectively.The rat islets were transfected with Ad-HO-1, Ad-EGFP or blank vector and then cultured for 7 days. Transfection was confirmed by expression of EGFP and human HO-1 protein detected by fluorescence photographs and western blot, respectively. The insulin release upon different concentration of glucose stimulation was detected using insulin radioimmunoassay kit, and stimulation index (SI) was calculated. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was usedto assess islet viability. Results:Adenovirus vector successfully transferred HO-1 gene to rat islet cells in vitro, and the insulin release upon high level of glucose stimulation and stimulation index(SI) of Ad-HO-1-infected islets were significantly higher than those of Ad-EGFP-infected islets and control islets(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion: Adenovirus-mediated HO-1 gene transfection is a feasible strategy to confer cytoprotection and therefore protect the viability of cultured rat islets.     

Predictors of post coronary artery bypass grafting atrial fibrillation

Objective: To investigate the incidence and relative risk factors of post coronary artery bypass grafting(post-CABG) atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: 312 patients with CABG were reviewed and divided into an AF group and a non-AF group. Statistical analysis was used to compare the data between the two groups and screen for risk factors of post-CABG AF. Results: 103/312(33.01%) patients developed post-CABG AF. Univariate analysis showed that patients in AF group compared with those in non-AF group were more likely to have advanced age (≥ 70 years), early postoperative withdrawal of β-blockers, hypertension, left atrial enlargement ( ≥40 mm), a history of AF, prolonged p-wave duration ( ≥ 120 ms) and increased number of grafts (≥3). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (≥70 years), early postoperative withdrawal of β-blockers, hypertension, left atrial enlargement (≥40 mm) and a history of AF were highly related to post-CABG AF. Conclusion: The incidence of AF in patients following CABG was 33.01% in this study. Advanced age, early postoperative withdrawal of β-blockers,hypertension, left atrial enlargement and a history of AF were independent risk factors of post-CABG AF.     

改良双钢板法对比微创内固定系统治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的疗效综合评价

目的对改良双钢板法与微创内固定系统（uss）治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的疗效进行对比分析。方法168例复杂胫骨平台骨折患者按照治疗方法不同分为改良双钢板组（89例,采用改良双钢板法治疗）和LISS组（79例,采用LISS法治疗）,对两种治疗方法的优缺点及疗效进行比较分析。结果改良双钢板组患者治疗效果优良率（89．9％,80／89）略大于LISS组患者的优良率（86．1％,68／79）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组患者均未出现深部感染及严重的神经损害、静脉血栓等并发症。改良双钢板组手术时间（89．2±13．6）min,术中出血量（188．4±45．6）ml,住院时间（16．5±1．8）d,愈合时间（13．3±2．1）个月,LISS组手术时间（74．3±12．5）min,术中出血量（236．5±65．5）ml,住院时间（16．7±2．1）d,愈合时间（11．4±1．5）个月,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论对于复杂胫骨平台骨折患者的治疗,LISS与改良双钢板法的治疗效果无显著差异。