贵州水族22个STR基因座遗传多态性调查

目的 调查22个STR基因座在贵州水族人群中的群体遗传学数据,研究其在法医学中的应用价值.方法 应用PowerPlex(R) Fusion系统对124名贵州水族无关个体血样DNA进行PCR扩增,用ABI 3500型遗传分析仪进行毛细管电泳,GeneMapper ID-X软件进行基因分型,Modified-Powerstates进行统计分析.结果 获得22个STR基因座等位基因的频率分布与相关法医学参数,其中:各基因座H值介于0.573～0.884,DP值介于0.763～0.974,PE值介于0.260～0.763,PIC值介于0.52～0.87,累计个人识别率为1-33682×10-25,累计非父排除概率为0.999999994.结论 D3S1358等22个STR基因座在贵州水族人群中具有良好的遗传多态性和法医学应用价值.     

生物制品研发及生产过程中的生物安全问题

随着科学和社会的发展，生物安全问题已经成为涉及科技、社会、经济和政治的重要问题。如不有效解决，将会限制科学尤其是生物科学的发展，对人类的生存环境产生不利影响。本文综合了世界各国目前生物安全的发展情况，着重分析了生物制品研究和生产中的生物安全问题，并提出了解决这些问题的初步建议。     

Interactions in red blood cells between fatty acids and either snake venom cardiotoxin or halothane

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity enhances snake venom cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced and general anesthetic (halothane)-induced hemolysis of red blood cells. In the case of halothane-induced hemolysis, this effect appears to be related primarily to free fatty acids. In the present study, the interaction between CTXs and halothane and the effects of different free fatty acids on cardiotoxin and halothane-induced hemolysis were examined. The hemolytic actions of halothane and a CTX from Naja naja kaouthia venom were examined in erythrocytes with different phospholipid and free fatty acid composition from five species. The extent of hemolysis by CTX or halothane was dependent upon the species examined and appeared to be inversely related to the amount of saturated free fatty acid in the membrane. The order of susceptibility of red blood cells from five species to hemolysis was similar for halothane- and N. n. kaouthia CTX-induced hemolysis, but very different for osmotic fragility. The slope of the hemolysis dose-response curve was considerably steeper for halothane than for CTX. Hemolysis due to N. n. kaouthia CTX was greatly increased by halothane in erythrocytes from humans and horses and to a lesser extent in erythrocytes from sheep, goats and cows. Hemolysis induced by halothane and the N. n. kaouthia or Naja naja atra CTXs was enhanced by unsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, hemolysis induced by halothane was decreased and that caused by the two CTXs was relatively unaffected by saturated fatty acids. Halothane and CTXs differ in their exact mechanisms, but appear to act upon similar fatty acid-sensitive processes.     

哈乐递增双倍剂量联合肾舒颗粒治疗输尿管小结石59例体会

目的 探讨盐酸坦索罗辛缓释胶囊(哈乐)递增双倍剂量联合肾舒颗粒治疗输尿管小结石的临床疗效.方法 按照随机数字表的分组方法将163例输尿管下段结石患者分为三组:A组:59例,口服哈乐+肾舒颗粒,其中哈乐起始剂量0.2 mg qn,第3天开始加倍至0.4 mg qn,肾舒颗粒8 g tid.B组:53例,口服哈乐0.2 mg qn+肾舒颗粒8 g tid.C组,51例,口服哈乐0.2 mg qn.三组疗程均为10日.治疗后,统计比较三组治疗总有效率、肾绞痛发作率及体位性低血压发生率.结果 治疗后,A组治疗有效率优于B组和C组,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).A组肾绞痛发作率低于B组和C组,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组不良反应体位性低血压的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 哈乐递增双倍剂量联合肾舒颗粒可提高输尿管小结石的临床治疗有效率,减少肾绞痛的发作率,且不良反应少,值得临床推广应用.     

加用马来酸桂哌齐特注射液治疗短暂性脑缺血发作疗效观察

目的:探讨加用马来酸桂哌齐特注射液治疗短暂性脑缺血发作的疗效。方法:将80例短暂性脑缺血发作患者,随机分为治疗组40例和对照组40例,治疗组在综合治疗的基础上应用加用马来酸桂哌齐特注射液,两组进行血液流变学、经颅多普勒(TCD)及临床疗效对比。结果:治疗组总有效率、血液流变学、TCD结果均优于对照组,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:马来酸桂哌齐特注射液治疗短暂性脑缺血发作疗效确切,值得临床推广。     

2007-2010年我院抗菌药物应用分析

目的 了解我院抗菌药物的应用情况及趋势,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法 对我院2007-2010年抗菌药物的品种、销售金额、用药频度(DDDs)和日均费用(DDC)进行统计、分析.结果 我院2008-2010年抗菌药物销售金额和DDDs均呈逐年上升趋势;4年中销售金额和DDDs排序列首位的都是头孢菌素类,罗红霉素胶囊列DDDs首位;注射剂销售金额远高于口服剂型.结论 我院抗菌药物的应用基本合理,但个别品种的使用缺乏合理性,仍需进一步加强管理和规范.     

苦参碱联合干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎临床研究

目的:探讨苦参碱联合干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)的临床疗效。方法:90例CHB患者随机分为苦参碱组(予苦参碱治疗)、干扰素组(予干扰素α-2b治疗)和苦参碱 干扰素组(苦参碱、干扰素同时治疗)。观察肝功变化和治疗3,6及12个月HBV-M和HBV-DNA变化。结果:经苦参碱联合干扰素治疗后,血清ALT明显下降(P<0．05),ALT复常时间明显缩短(P<0．05),治疗3个月,苦参碱组、干扰素组及苦参碱联合干扰素组HBeAg的阴转率分别为10％,16．7％和26．7％;HBV-DNA的阴转率分别为13．3％,23．3％和30．0％,无统计学意义。随访6个月,三组比较,总有效率差异无显著性,随访12个月,总有效率分别为20．0％,23．3％和46．7％。苦参碱联合干扰素治疗组疗效优于单用苦参碱或干扰素组(P<0．05)。结论:干扰素和苦参碱联合有较好的HBV-DNA及HBeAg阴转率,远期疗效优于单用干扰素或苦参碱组。     

Circulating T helper 9 cells and increased serum interleukin‐9 levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis

The purpose of this study was to examine the roles of T helper 9 (Th9) cells and the serum interleukin (IL)‐9 level in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The numbers of IL‐9⁺ CD4⁺ CD8^? T cells, interferon (IFN)‐γ+ CD4⁺ CD8^? T cells, IL‐4⁺ CD4⁺ CD8^? T cells, and IL‐17A⁺ CD4⁺ CD8^? T cells in 25 OA patients and 13 healthy controls (HC) were examined by flow cytometry. The serum concentrations of IL‐9, IL‐4, IL‐17A, and IFN‐γ were also determined. The numbers of CD4⁺CD45RO⁺ T cells, Th9 cells, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells in OA patients were significantly higher than those in HCs. Furthermore, serum IL‐9, IL‐17A, and IFN‐γ levels in OA patients were higher than those in HCs. The number of Th9 cells was positively correlated with the number of Th17 cells in OA patients. Furthermore, greater numbers of Th9 cells were positively associated with elevated C‐reactive protein, and both Th9 cells and IL‐9 levels were positively correlated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index in OA patients. Th9 cell numbers and IL‐9 levels are correlated with OA patient symptoms and joint functionality and may be a marker of disease activity.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定人体血浆中奥美拉唑含量

目的建立反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆中奥美拉唑浓度的方法。方法血浆经碱化后以乙酸乙酯-氯仿(4∶1)为提取溶剂,以液-液萃取法处理血浆样品。采用DiamonsilC18柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,流动相为pH=6.8的甲醇-异丙醇-0.5%三乙胺水溶液(37∶10∶53),流速为1.0mL/min,内标为硝苯地平,检测波长为302nm。结果该法血药浓度在7.98～2.024×103ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998),最低检测限为2ng/mL,精密度日内RSD<3.2%,日间RSD<3.7%,平均提取回收率为84.6%,平均方法回收率为99.6%。结论该方法快速、准确,适用于奥美拉唑的临床药代动力学研究和血药浓度检测。     

省级食品药品检验研究机构建立分子生物学实验室的思考

目的 将分子生物学理论和技术应用于食品药品检验研究工作,提升中国食品药品检验系统的检验检测能力和行业服务水平.方法 对分子生物学实验室建立的意义、职能及发展进行了阐述.结果 随着分子生物学理论和技术在食品药品检验研究中的深入运用,分子生物学将成为食品药品质量控制的有效技术手段之一.结论 设置分子生物学实验室可产生技术支撑更有力、监管队伍更专业、食品药品更安全的社会效应.