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41.
Jean-Henri Gaudy Jean-François Sicard Raymond Maneglia Marielle Quignon 《Journal canadien d'anesthésie》1993,40(9):883-890
L’halothane diminue la réponse ventilatoire à l’hypoxie et l’activité des chémorécepteurs artériels périphériques, réalisant une «chémodénervation chimique». Afin d’évaluer le rôle de cette «chémodénervation chimique» dans les modifications de l’équilibre acido-basique et des gaz du sang artériel provoquées par l’halothane, ces paramètres ont été mesurés chez des rats intacts éveillés, puis anesthésiés, et chez des rats chémodénervés, éveillés puis anesthésiés. Le niveau de l’anesthésie pouvant être modifié par la chémodénervation anatomique, l’ED50 inspirée d’halothane a été mesurée chez six rats avant et après chémodénervation anatomique. D’éventuelles modifications hémodynamiques dues à l’halothane et /ou à la chémodénervation anatomique pouvant interférer avec les résultats, la pression artérielle systémique et la fréquence cardiaque ont été mesurées chez six rats intacts éveillés, puis anesthésiés, et chez les six mêmes rats chémodénervés, éveillés puis anesthésiés. Chez neuf rats intacts et chez 19 rats chémodénervés, le pH artériel, la concentration artérielle de bicarbonates, et les gaz du sang artériel (PaO2 et PaCO2) ont été mesurés avant et après administration d’halothane. La chémodénervation anatomique ne modifia ni l’ED50 inspirée (1,1%), ni la pression artérielle moyenne et la fréquence cardiaque. Les effets hémodynamiques de l’halothane furent comparables chez les rats intacts et chez les rats chémodénervés. Les modifications des gaz du sang et de l’équilibre acido-basique provoquees par l’halothane chez les rats intacts, et par la chémodénervation anatomique chez les rats éveillés, ne furent pas significativement différentes: diminution significative de PaO2 et de pHa, augmentation significative de PaCO2 Chez les rats chémodénervés, l’halothane provoqua une diminution supplémental de PaO2 et une augmentation supplémentaire de PaCO2. Le fait que l’halothane et que la chémodénervation anatomique modifient de la même manière les gaz du sang et l’équilibre acido-basique est en faveur de l’action «chémodénervatrice chimique» de l’halothane. Mais les effets additionnels de l’halothane chez l’animal chémodénervé anatomiquement confirment que les effets de l’halothane sur les gaz du sang et l’équilibre acido-basique résultent de multiples points d’impact sur le système respiratoire. 相似文献
42.
Jean-François Le Gargasson Michel Paques Jean-Eric Guez Bernadette Boval Eric Vicaut Xin Hou Yvon Grall Alain Gaudric 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》1997,235(1):56-58
Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of a technique for the visualization by scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) of fluores cein-labelled autologous leukocytes and platelets in retinal vessels. Method: Individual blood samples from rats and rabbits were centrifuged to isolate platelets and leukocytes, then passively labelled with fluorescein and reinjected into the same animal. An SLO was used to visualize and record cell displacement in the retinal circulation. Labelled platelets were analysed by flow cytometry. Results: By SLO, platelets appeared as a heterogeneous particle flow, and individual leukocytes appearing as brighter spots could easily be traced. Flow cytometry showed that after labelling platelets were well individualized and their size was slightly increased. Conclusion: Circulating blood cells can be visualized in retinal vessels by a simple method consisting of passive labelling of autologous platelets and leukocytes by fluorescein. No platelet toxicity was detected. This method could be applied to the study of blood cell movement in human retinal vascular diseases.Proprietary interest category: N 相似文献
43.
Tri-dimensional automatic segmentation of PET volumes based on measured source-to-background ratios: influence of reconstruction algorithms. 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Jean-Fran?ois Daisne Mérence Sibomana Anne Bol Thomas Doumont Max Lonneux Vincent Grégoire 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2003,69(3):247-250
A method for automatic volume segmentation of functional imaging based on a relationship between source-to-background ratio and the iso-activity level to be used is described. Such method, which has been established with radioactive spheres in a phantom, is independent of the a priori knowledge of the lesion of interest and is valid for small (>2 ml) and/or poorly contrasted (S/B>1.5) lesions. Accuracy varies slightly with the image reconstruction algorithm used. 相似文献
44.
Fran?ois L'Hériteau Corinne Alberti Yves Cohen Gilles Troché Pierre Moine Jean-Fran?ois Timsit 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2005,26(1):13-20
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate nosocomial infection (NI) surveillance strategies in French ICUs and to identify similar patterns defining subsets within which comparisons can be made. DESIGN: A questionnaire was sent to all French ICUs, and a random sample of nonresponders was interviewed. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred ninety-five responder ICUs (69%) in France. RESULTS: In 282 ICUs (71%), a dedicated ICU staff member was responsible for infection control activities. The microbiology laboratory was usually in the hospital (90%) and computerized (94%) but issued regular hospital microbiology records in only 48% of cases. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation, central venous catheterization, and urinary catheterization were 90%, 79%, and 60%, respectively. Patients were screened for carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria on admission and during the stay in 70% and 60% of ICUs, respectively, most often targeting MRSA. Quantitative cultures were used to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in 90% of ICUs, including distal specimens in 80% and bronchoscopy specimens in 60%. Quantitative central venous catheter (CVC)-segment cultures were used in 70% of ICUs. All CVCs were cultured routinely in 53% of the ICUs. Despite wide variations in infection control and surveillance strategies, multiple correspondence analysis identified 13 key points (4 structural variables and 9 variables concerning the diagnosis of VAP, the surveillance and diagnosis of catheter-related and urinary tract infections, and the mode of screening of MRSA carriers) that categorize the variability of French ICUs' approaches to NIs. CONCLUSION: This study revealed profound differences in NI surveillance strategies across ICUs, indicating a need for caution when using NI surveillance data for comparisons and benchmarking. 相似文献
45.
Muriel Gugger Séverine Lenoir Céline Berger Aurélie Ledreux Jean-Claude Druart Jean-Fran?ois Humbert Catherine Guette Cécile Bernard 《Toxicon》2005,45(7):919-928
The first identification of anatoxin-a in a French lotic system is reported. Rapid deaths of dogs occurred in 2003 after the animals drank water from the shoreline of the La Loue River in eastern France. Sediments, stones and macrophytes surfaces at the margin of the river were covered by a thick biofilm containing large quantities of several benthic species of filamentous, non-heterocystous cyanobacteria. Known cyanotoxins, such as microcystins, saxitoxins and anatoxins were screened from biofilm samples by biochemical and analytical assays. A compound with similar UV spectra to the anatoxin-a standard was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with photo-diode array detector. This toxin was further identified by HPLC coupled with a UV detector and by electrospray ionisation-Quadrupole-Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometer, and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. These two techniques were necessary to discriminate anatoxin-a in phenylalanine-containing matrices such as liver samples of poisoned dogs. The toxin and the aromatic amino acid, phenylalanine, present the same pseudomolecular ion at m/z 166, but have differing fragmentation patterns, retention times and UV spectra. Finally, several cyanobacterial strains were isolated from the green biofilm and tested for anatoxin-a production. Phormidium favosum was identified as a new anatoxin-a producing species. 相似文献
46.
Early variations of circulating interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels during thoracic radiotherapy are predictive for radiation pneumonitis. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Dominique Arpin David Perol Jean-Yves Blay Lionel Falchero Line Claude Sylvie Vuillermoz-Blas Isabelle Martel-Lafay Chantal Ginestet Laurent Alberti Dimitri Nosov Bénédicte Etienne-Mastroianni Vincent Cottin Maurice Perol Jean-Claude Guerin Jean-Fran?ois Cordier Christian Carrie 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(34):8748-8756
PURPOSE: To investigate variations of circulating serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) during three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and correlate these variations with the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-six patients receiving 3D-CRT for stage I to III disease were evaluated prospectively. Circulating cytokine levels were determined before, every 2 weeks during, and at the end of treatment. Radiation pneumonitis was evaluated prospectively between 6 and 8 weeks after 3D-CRT. The predictive value of clinical, dosimetric, and biologic (cytokine levels) factors was evaluated both in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Forty patients (44%) experienced score 1 or more radiation pneumonitis. No association was found between baseline cytokine levels and the risk of radiation pneumonitis. In the whole population, mean levels of TNFalpha, IL-6, and IL-10 remained stable during radiotherapy. IL-6 levels were significantly higher (P = .047) during 3D-CRT in patients with radiation pneumonitis. In the multivariate analysis, covariations of IL-6 and IL-10 levels during the first 2 weeks of 3D-CRT were evidenced as independently predictive of radiation pneumonitis in this series (P = .011). CONCLUSION: Early variations of circulating IL-6 and IL-10 levels during 3D-CRT are significantly associated with the risk of radiation pneumonitis. Variations of circulating IL-6 and IL-10 levels during 3D-CRT may serve as independent predictive factors for this complication. 相似文献
47.
Jean-François Tremblay Lucas Sideris François A. Leblond Jean-Sébastien Trépanier David Badrudin Pierre Drolet 《International journal of hyperthermia》2016,32(6):643-647
Background: The use of electrocautery devices is associated with complications such as perforation or fistulisation when used near intestinal structures. This is likely due to its effect on vascularisation of the bowel wall. To test this hypothesis we established a murine model to quantify the effect of electrocautery injury on the intestinal microvascularisation.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to five electrocautery injuries on the small bowel in coagulation mode (30 W intensity) and in cut mode (40 W, 80 W and 200 W intensities) for durations of 1, 2 and 5?s. 5?mg/kg of fluorescein was injected intravenously, the injured bowel segments harvested and the rat sacrificed. The segments were analysed to measure the fluorescence of injured bowel compared to adjacent unharmed tissue.Results: A significant decrease in bowel wall microvascularisation occurred with increasing intensity (coag 30 W/cut 40 W versus cut 200 W 1?s: p?0.05) and duration of electrocautery injury (cut 40 W 1/2?s versus 5?s: p?0.05). There was a 40% perforation rate when decreased bowel wall microvascularisation was 25% or more. Despite similar electrocautery injury, a significantly greater microvascularisation decrease was observed in jejunum compared to ileum (p?0.05).Conclusion: We successfully established a murine model to quantify the decrease of bowel wall microvascularisation associated with electrocautery use. Unsurprisingly, the decrease in microvascularisation is greater with higher intensity and duration of electrocautery and is associated with more perforations in the experimental model. The jejunum seems more vulnerable to electrocautery injury than the ileum. These observations support caution when using electrocautery devices near intestinal structures. 相似文献
48.
Hannah Kaminski Isabelle Garrigue Lionel Couzi Benjamin Taton Thomas Bachelet Jean-Fran?ois Moreau Julie Déchanet-Merville Rodolphe Thiébaut Pierre Merville 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2016,27(2):637-645
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in solid-organ transplantation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly if a CMV mutant strain with antiviral resistance emerges. Monitoring CMV–specific T cell response could provide relevant information for patient care. We and others have shown the involvement of Vδ2neg
γδ T cells in controlling CMV infection. Here, we assessed if Vδ2neg
γδ T cell kinetics in peripheral blood predict CMV infection resolution and emergence of a mutant strain in high–risk recipients of kidney transplants, including 168 seronegative recipients receiving organs from seropositive donors (D+R−) and 104 seropositive recipients receiving antithymocyte globulins (R+/ATG). Vδ2neg
γδ T cell percentages were serially determined in patients grafted between 2003 and 2011. The growing phase of Vδ2neg
γδ T cells was monitored in each infected patient, and the expansion rate during this phase was estimated individually by a linear mixed model. A Vδ2neg
γδ T cell expansion rate of ˃0.06% per day predicted the growing phase. The time after infection at which an expansion rate of 0.06% per day occurred was correlated with the resolution of CMV DNAemia (r=0.91; P<0.001). At 49 days of antiviral treatment, Vδ2neg
γδ T cell expansion onset was associated with recovery, whereas absence of expansion was associated with recurrent disease and DNAemia. The appearance of antiviral–resistant mutant CMV strains was associated with delayed Vδ2neg
γδ T cell expansion (P<0.001). In conclusion, longitudinal surveillance of Vδ2neg
γδ T cells in recipients of kidney transplants may predict CMV infection resolution and antiviral drug resistance. 相似文献
49.
50.
Monica Roy Jean-Fran?ois Richard Aline Dumas Luc Vallières 《Journal of neuroinflammation》2012,9(1):18