钛夹联合内镜下黏膜切除术治疗重度胃黏膜脱垂症的临床观察

目的：观察钛夹联合内镜下黏膜切除术对重度胃黏膜脱垂症的治疗效果及安全性。方法：对53例经胃镜确诊的重度胃黏膜脱垂症患者采用钛夹联合内镜下黏膜切除术治疗,并分别于术后4周、8周行临床症状随访和胃镜复查。结果：53例患者治疗成功率100％,4周有效率98．1％,8周有效率100％,无出血、穿孔等并发症发生。结论：钛夹联合内镜下黏膜切除术治疗重度胃黏膜脱垂症疗效确切,安全性高,是目前比较先进的微创治疗方法之一。     

Vaginal trichomoniasis among HIV patients attending primary health care centers of Jos,Nigeria

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of trichomonal infection in HIV/AIDS and non-HIV control group of patients in a population of women with abnormal vaginal discharge.MethodsWe conducted a simple cross-sectional study. Primary health care centers in Jos metropolis and Jos University Teaching Hospital, during December 2006 to December 2007. Seven hundred high vaginal swabs were collected; 350 from HIV positive and another 350 from HIV-negative control group of patients with abnormal vaginal discharge attending primary health care centers in Jos metropolis and analysed for microscopy and culture in Jos University Teaching Hospital. Data on epidemiologic indices from the patients, using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires were collected.ResultsThe rate of trichomoniasis among all participants in the study was 17% (n=120/700). The prevalence rate of trichomoniasis among persons with HIV was 24% while it was found to be 10.3% among HIV negative controls. The difference was statistically significant (χ² =23.172; df=1; P<0.05). The rate of co-infection of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) in bacterial vaginosis was 42% (n=50/120), while it was 24% (n=29/120) in candidiasis. The singles had a 35% high rate of trichomonal infection. The infected women had a median age of 26 years, and a median number of 3 intra-vaginal sex partners per week.ConclusionsThere was a significant statistical difference in prevalence of T. vaginalis between HIV/AIDS group and non-HIV(control) group of patients in the study (P<0.05). Local HIV prevention strategies should target such women with trichomonal infection for intervention efforts, especially in HIV endemic area of sub-continent of Africa to further reduce the burden of HIV in the population.     

综合ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌分布及耐药性研究

目的：分析综合重症监护病房（IC U ）呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌的分布及耐药特性,为临床抗菌药物的合理应用提供依据。方法对解放军306医院综合IC U病房2012年1～12月进行机械通气大于48 h的122例患者进行回顾性分析,统计并分析呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌分布特点及其耐药性。结果122例机械通气患者确诊为呼吸机相关性肺炎55例,发病率为45．08％。共检出病原菌122株,其中革兰阴性菌78株（63．93％）,前3位依次为鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌,其中4株肺炎克雷伯菌为产超广谱β内酰胺酶（产ESBL ）。革兰阳性菌19株（15．57％）,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌,检出1株耐万古霉素菌株;真菌25株（20．49％）,主要为白色念珠菌。革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、环丙沙星、亚胺培南、头孢曲松、优立新耐药明显。与不产ESBL菌株相比,产ESBL肺炎克雷伯菌对绝大多数常用抗菌药物耐药,而对亚胺培南和哌拉西林/他巴唑相对敏感。结论该院综合IC U呼吸机相关性肺炎的主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,分析其耐药特性可为临床经验性治疗呼吸机相关性肺炎及合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。     

Arterial or mixed venous lactate measurement in critically ill children. Is there a difference?

Seven critically ill children had simultaneous measurement of whole blood lactate concentrations obtained from a systemic arterial and mixed venous (pulmonary artery) site. An excellent correlation was found ( r = 0.995). The mean difference between arterial and mixed venous values was 0.02 mmol/ 1 and the limits of agreement (±0.22) were —0.20 to 0.24. The differences found were clinically insignificant (two-tailed paired Student's t -test; p = 0.36) and therefore support the continued use of arterial sampling for blood lactate measurement.     

慢性乙肝患者健康教育效果评价

目的探讨健康教育对慢性乙型病毒性肝炎（CHB）患者的影响。方法对89例2次住院的CHB患者。通过指导阅读健康教育手册、个别指导、集体座谈的形式进行系统的健康教育，并其出院时、再次入院时采用CHB相关知识测试题、自我管理能力测评表进行健康教育效果评价。结果教育后患者CHB相关知识掌握优良率、自我管理能力明显提高。与教育前比较。差异有显著性意义（均P〈0．01）。再次入院时．患者虽对CHB相关知识掌握优良率有所下降，但与出院时比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；而患者自我管理能力明显下降．与出院时比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论健康教育能提高患者CHB相关知识掌握水平和自我管理能力，但须强化教育．使患者在自身健康方面达到知识、信心及行为的长久统一，并指导其处理好隐私与传染意识的对立统一关系。     

Tc-99m antifibrin Fab' fragments for imaging venous thrombi: evaluation in a canine model

An antifibrin antibody (T2G1s) Fab' fragment labeled with technetium-99m was tested for its ability to produce images of fresh thrombi in dogs. In gamma camera images, all thrombi were evident by 2-4 hours after injection. Mean thrombus-to-blood and thrombus-to-muscle ratios averaged 4.0 and 69 at four hours after injection and increased to 24 and 270, respectively, by 24 hours after injection. When compared with I-125 fibrinogen injected into the same dogs, Tc-99m-antifibrin Fab' had lower absolute uptake in thrombus but higher thrombus-to-blood ratios due to a faster rate of disappearance from the blood. The primary route of excretion was through the kidneys. Tc-99m-antifibrin Fab' was highly stable in vivo, with an average of 82% of the circulating radioactivity able to bind to fibrin at 4 hours after injection. When compared with an In-111-labeled Fab fragment of antifibrin antibody 59D8, thrombus-to-blood and thrombus-to-muscle ratios were slightly higher for the Tc-99m-labeled antibody, and the blood disappearance rate was slightly faster. The absolute uptake in thrombus, however, was not significantly different, and the thrombus was visualized at about the same time after injection. These studies suggest that Tc-99m T2G1s Fab' is a potential agent for detecting thrombi in a clinical setting.     

综合康复治疗脑卒中后抑郁

目的：探讨综合康复治疗对脑卒中后抑郁患者的影响。方法：脑卒中后抑郁患者108例，分为A、B、C3组，均按常规处理及抗抑郁药物治疗，B组同时增加运动疗法；C组则运动疗法、作业疗法、物理疗法、针灸及心理疏导等综合康复治疗。治疗前后采用Hamilton抑郁量表（HAMD）、改良爱丁堡-斯堪的那维亚评分量表（MESSS）及简易精神状态评定量表（MMSE）及Barthel（BI）指数对患者的抑郁程度、神经功能缺损程度、认知功能及ADL能力进行评价。结果：经过8周治疗，3组患者HAMD及MESSS评分与治疗前比较均明显下降，MMSE及BI评分明显提高（P〈O．01）；B、C组优于A组，C组优于B组（P〈0．05，0．01）。结论：综合康复治疗有助于改善脑卒中后抑郁患者的抑郁状态，促进整体功能恢复。