Expression of measles virus nucleocapsid protein in osteoclasts induces Paget's disease-like bone lesions in mice.

We targeted the MVNP gene to the OCL lineage in transgenic mice. These mice developed abnormal OCLs and bone lesions similar to those found in Paget's patients. These results show that persistent expression of MVNP in OCLs can induce pagetic-like bone lesions in vivo. INTRODUCTION: Paget's disease (PD) of bone is the second most common bone disease. Both genetic and viral factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis, but their exact roles in vivo are unclear. We previously reported that transfection of normal human osteoclast (OCL) precursors with the measles virus nucleocapsid (MVNP) or measles virus (MV) infection of bone marrow cells from transgenic mice expressing a MV receptor results in formation of pagetic-like OCLs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on these in vitro studies, we determined if the MVNP gene from either an Edmonston-related strain of MV or a MVNP gene sequence derived from a patient with PD (P-MVNP), when targeted to cells in the OCL lineage of transgenic mice with the TRACP promoter (TRACP/MVNP mice), induced changes in bone similar to those found in PD. RESULTS: Bone marrow culture studies and histomorphometric analysis of bones from these mice showed that their OCLs displayed many of the features of pagetic OCLs and that they developed bone lesions that were similar to those in patients with PD. Furthermore, IL-6 seemed to be required for the development of the pagetic phenotype in OCLs from TRACP/MVNP mice. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that persistent expression of the MVNP gene in cells of the OCL lineage can induce pagetic-like bone lesions in vivo.     

听力对语言影响的表现与矫正

目的 通过对302例药物致聋聋儿的临床观察,研究听力对语言影响的表现,从中摸索积极的矫正补偿方法,使聋儿能听会说,早日回归主流社会。方法:根据听力损失以1/2增益法,选择不同型号的助听器,用具有频率特性的玩具进行适应性训练,采用视觉强化测听法和言语测听法,调整助听器增益,努力使各频率尽可能进入言语香蕉图。结果 100%聋儿表现听觉的敏感性和言语的清晰度低,且存在不同程度的“重振”;聋儿助听补偿效果越好,语言清晰度越高;聋儿只能在信噪比>10 dB SPL的情况下才能听懂语言;言语识别中存在有不同种类的掩蔽现象;双耳配戴助听器对言语接受阈能提高约15%左右。结论:双耳配戴助听器以及利用助听器的微调和耳模的声学作用来改变助听器的频响,选择电脑编程、全数字、带有“AGC”功能、带有指向性麦克风等不同功能的助听器,都是十分有效的矫正措施;选择信噪比≥10 dB SPL的学习环境;充分利用视觉、触觉功能补偿作用;努力学习好辅音;教师正确控制语音、语速、声调、掌握抑扬顿挫,防止声音向上、向后、向前掩蔽。     

BUILDING THE FOUNDATION OF EXCELLENCE IN HEART FAILURE NURSING

This column contains the presidential address presented during the Third Annual Meeting of the American Association of Heart Failure Nurses on June 28, 2007, in San Diego, California, titled "Building the Foundation of Excellence in Heart Failure Nursing."