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991.
992.
Although perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is well documented, seroprevalence rates of HIV in populations of women of reproductive age have not yet been reported. To determine the seroprevalence of HIV in childbearing women from a population with a high incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cord blood samples were collected from 602 infants delivered at an inner-city municipal hospital in New York. Demographic and HIV risk factor information was also collected from mothers of these infants. Twelve (2%) of 602 samples (95% confidence interval, 1% to 4%) were positive for HIV on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. In interviews, seven of 12 seropositive women had risk factors as defined by the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta; the remaining five seropositive women had no self-identified risk factors. The HIV seroprevalence rate in our hospital (2.0%) is several times higher than that of many other diseases for which screening is already routine. This serosurvey indicates that HIV infection of inner-city parturients is a significant problem that warrants broadly implemented health strategies. Furthermore, the data also suggest that if risk factor information elicited by physicians is used to initiate HIV antibody counseling and testing of pregnant women, a significant number of seropositive parturients is missed. In areas with significant seroprevalence rates of HIV infection, a broader counseling and testing program may be needed. 相似文献
993.
Single photon emission computed tomography in Alzheimer's disease. Abnormal iofetamine I 123 uptake reflects dementia severity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
K A Johnson B L Holman S P Mueller T J Rosen R English J S Nagel J H Growdon 《Archives of neurology》1988,45(4):392-396
To determine whether abnormalities in regional cerebral functional activity estimated by iofetamine hydrochloride I 123 and single photon emission computed tomography can be detected in mild or moderate as well as severe cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we performed iofetamine I 123-single photon emission computed tomography in 37 patients with probable AD (nine patients with mild, 18 patients with moderate, and ten patients with severe dementia) and nine age-matched control subjects. Iofetamine I 123 uptake was measured in right and left frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Mean (right and left) iofetamine I 123 activity was lowest in the parietal region of patients with AD and was significantly reduced in the other three regions compared with control subjects. Only in the parietal region was lower relative iofetamine I 123 activity associated with an impaired level of patient function and with cognitive deficit. 相似文献
994.
Darcy MD; Lund GB; Smith TP; Hunter DW; Castaneda-Zuniga WR; Amplatz K 《Radiology》1987,163(3):819-821
Percutaneous techniques to manage urinary fistulas have had limited success. To overcome this, self-closing metallic clips were developed to occlude the ureter. The clips are applied through a percutaneously placed 30-F Teflon sheath. A case is reported in which the clips and new technique were successfully used. 相似文献
995.
P A Carvalho R B Schwartz E Alexander J S Loeffler R E Zimmerman J S Nagel B L Holman 《Journal of nuclear medicine》1991,32(2):322-324
Sequential thallium-201-chloride and technetium-99m-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images were obtained in a patient with extracranial metastatic glioblastoma multiforme. Thallium-201 uptake was high (three times the scalp background) in all pathologically confirmed extracranial metastases and moderate (1.6 times scalp background) intracranially, where most biopsy specimens showed gliosis with scattered atypical astrocytes. Technetium-99m-HMPAO uptake was decreased intracranially in the right frontal and parietal lobes which had been irradiated. It was also decreased in one well-encapsulated scalp lesion and high in another scalp mass with less defined borders. Possible mechanisms of tumor uptake of these agents are reviewed. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
Action of botulinum toxin on transmission from sympathetic nerves to the vas deferens 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Botulinum toxin (Type A) depressed or abolished transmission from postganglionic nerves to smooth muscle of isolated preparations of guinea-pig and mouse vas deferens. The time course of blockade was 2 to 6 times slower than that observed with the same concentration of the same batch of toxin on the rat diaphragm. Spontaneous excitatory junction potentials were still observed after 7 h exposure, indicating that the smooth muscle membrane was still able to respond to noradrenaline. Depression of transmission is probably due to a presynaptic action of unknown nature. 相似文献
999.
A comparison of lay-taught and professional-taught arthritis self-management courses 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
K Lorig P Feigenbaum C Regan E Ung R L Chastain H R Holman 《The Journal of rheumatology》1986,13(4):763-767
One hundred subjects with arthritis were randomized into lay-taught, or professional-taught 12-h arthritis self-management courses, or a control group. Outcomes, knowledge, exercise, relaxation, disability, pain, and number of physician visits were measured aat baseline and 4 months. Professional-taught groups demonstrated greater knowledge gain while lay-taught groups had greater changes in relaxation (p less than .01) and a tendency toward less disability. Although it is impossible to draw definitive conclusions, this study suggests that lay leaders can teach arthritis self-management courses with results similar to those achieved by professionals. 相似文献
1000.
Mouse B cells cultured with either phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), or with Ca2+ ionophores enter a transitional activated state, between quiescence (G0) and G1, but do not synthesize DNA. It is shown here that the combination of PMA plus the ionophore ionomycin induces resting B cells to synthesize DNA, but not to secrete antibody. B cells from CBA/N mice carrying the xid defect, and those from the lipopolysaccharide-unresponsive C3H/HeJ strain also respond to this combination. Suboptimal doses of the two stimuli synergize with B cell-stimulating factor 1 in promoting proliferation of resting B cells, but the co-mitogen does not substitute for type II B cell growth factor in the BCL1 lymphoma. Furthermore, (as predicted) the combination of these two agents does not induce the breakdown of inositol phospholipids in B cells. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that elevation of intracellular Ca2+ (by the ionophore), plus activation of protein kinase C (by PMA) leads to DNA synthesis in B cells. The combination of Ca2+ ionophore and PMA thus appears to essentially mimic the biochemical effects of ligation of surface immunoglobulin receptors on B cells, by providing the two second messengers normally emanating from the receptor-mediated breakdown of polyphosphoinositides. 相似文献