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61.
62.
INTRODUCTIONCarcinogenesisiscloselyrelatedwithDNAsynthesisandhypermetabolismofnucleicacid.γglutamyltransferase(GGT,EC2.3.2.2... 相似文献
63.
Lan-Yue Pan Xiao-Meng Hu Peng Han Dao-Feng Yang 《Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT》2023,22(2):200-204
<正>To the Editor: Although des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin(DCP) is considered a complementary biomarker to alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), its cut-off value has not been recommended in any guideline. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic efficacy of DCP on HCC. 相似文献
64.
Raman Jay JE Heckman L Hinshaw S Best M Lubner DF Jarrard TM Downs SY Nakada FT Lee W Huang T Ziemlewicz 《Urologic oncology》2017,35(3):119
Purpose
Percutaneous biopsy obtained from a single location is prone to sampling error in large heterogeneous renal masses, leading to nondiagnostic results or failure to detect poor prognostic features. We evaluated the accuracy of percutaneous biopsy for large renal masses using a modified multi-quadrant technique vs. a standard biopsy technique.Materials and methods
Clinical and pathological data for all patients with cT2 or greater renal masses who underwent percutaneous biopsy from 2009 to 2014 were reviewed. The multi-quadrant technique was defined as multiple core biopsies from at least 4 separate solid enhancing areas in the tumor. The incidence of nondiagnostic findings, sarcomatoid features and procedural complications was recorded, and concordance between biopsy specimens and nephrectomy pathology was compared.Results
A total of 122 biopsies were performed for 117 tumors in 116 patients (46 using the standard biopsy technique and 76 using the multi-quadrant technique). Median tumor size was 10 cm (IQR: 8–12). Biopsy was nondiagnostic in 5 of 46 (10.9%) standard and 0 of 76 (0%) multi-quadrant biopsies (P = 0.007). Renal cell carcinoma was identified in 96 of 115 (82.0%) tumors and nonrenal cell carcinoma tumors were identified in 21 (18.0%). One complication occurred using the standard biopsy technique and no complications were reported using the multi-quadrant technique. Sarcomatoid features were present in 23 of 96 (23.9%) large renal cell carcinomas studied. Sensitivity for identifying sarcomatoid features was higher using the multi-quadrant technique compared to the standard biopsy technique at 13 of 15 (86.7%) vs. 2 of 8 (25.0%) (P = 0.0062).Conclusions
The multi-quadrant percutaneous biopsy technique increases the ability to identify aggressive pathological features in large renal tumors and decreases nondiagnostic biopsy rates. 相似文献65.
Epstein-Barr virus associated B cell lymphoproliferative disorders following bone marrow transplantation 总被引:20,自引:7,他引:20
Shapiro RS; McClain K; Frizzera G; Gajl-Peczalska KJ; Kersey JH; Blazar BR; Arthur DC; Patton DF; Greenberg JS; Burke B 《Blood》1988,71(5):1234-1243
B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (BLPD) developed in eight patients following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for leukemia (five patients) or immunodeficiency (three patients). Recipients of T depleted marrow from a mismatched donor were at particularly high risk of this complication. Six of 25 (24%) recipients of mismatched T depleted bone marrow developed BLPD. In contrast, none of 47 matched T depleted transplants, one of ten (10%) who received non-depleted marrow from an unrelated donor, and only one of 424 matched non-depleted transplants were associated with BLPD. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) specific serology and DNA hybridization studies demonstrating five to 50 copies of EBV genome/cell in involved tissues implicate this virus as an associated etiologic agent. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and cytogenetic analysis of involved tissue demonstrated donor origin (five of seven) or host origin (two of seven). Histologic appearance was similar to EBV-induced polymorphic B cell proliferations described following solid organ transplantation, or which occur de novo in primary immunodeficiency. Six of seven patients with adequate tissue available for study were found to have monoclonal proliferations by: in situ immunofluorescence (six of seven), and/or immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, (four of six). Cytogenetic analysis of involved tissues from four patients showed a normal karyotype, whereas two had multiple clonal chromosomal abnormalities. Seven patients died despite aggressive attempts at therapy with combinations of antiviral, immunologic, and chemotherapeutic agents. 相似文献
66.
67.
Posttransfusion purpura following bone marrow transplantation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
DA Evenson ; DF Stroncek ; S Pulkrabek ; EH Perry ; J Radford ; JS Miller ; C Verfaillie 《Transfusion》1995,35(8):688-693
BACKGROUND : Thrombocytopenia is a major cause of morbidity and hospital expense following bone marrow transplantation. Platelet transfusions in these patients are frequently complicated by the recipient's development of antibodies to HLA class I antigens. When these patients become refractory to the transfusion of HLA-matched platelets, the recipient's platelet antigen phenotype must be determined, to ensure that donor platelets will be phenotypically compatible. Cases of alloimmunization to HPA-1a and HPA-1b resulting in refractoriness to transfused platelets and the subsequent development of a posttransfusion purpura-like syndrome are reported. CASE REPORTS: In the first case, a 43-year-old woman with Stage IV infiltrating ductal breast cancer presented to the hospital for a transplant of autologous peripheral blood stem cells. After the transplant, her platelet count remained less than 10 × 109 per L, despite daily platelet transfusions, including HLA-matched platelets. Fourteen days following the transplant, her serum was found to contain anti-HPA-1a. Initially, the patient was refractory to the transfusion of HPA-1a-negative platelets, but after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, she had transient increases in posttransfusion platelet counts. She was also treated with a staphylococcal protein A immunoadsorption column and has not had any such subsequent refractoriness. Her genotype has been found, by use of allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization with white cell DNA, to be HPA-1b/1b. The second case involved a 32-year-old woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia who received an unrelated-donor marrow transplant. Three years later, her CML recurred, and she was treated with interferon-alpha. Four months afterward, she experienced interferon-alpha-induced thrombocytopenia and the interferon therapy was discontinued. She received 12 platelet transfusions in 20 days, but none was effective. Antibodies specific for HLA antigens and HPA-1b were detected, and three HLA-matched, HPA-1b-negative apheresis platelet components were given, but without effect. Two days after treatment with methylprednisolone (1 g intravenously) and prednisone (2 mg/kg/day orally), her platelet count was 26 × 109 per L, and after 8 more days, it was 102 × 109 per L, without further transfusions. She was found to be homozygous for HPA-1a (HPA-1a/1a). CONCLUSION : Anti-HPA- 1a and anti-HPA-1b can cause refractoriness to platelet transfusions in bone marrow transplant patients. Testing for platelet-specific antibodies should be considered in all patients who are refractory to HLA-matched platelets. 相似文献
68.
BACKGROUND: Chloramphenicol-dependent antibodies are a rare cause of interference in pretransfusion serologic testing. Their presence can be confirmed by the testing of red cells in both the presence and absence of chloramphenicol. CASE REPORT: A 29-year-old, group A, Rh-positive man with no history of chloramphenicol exposure was found to have a chloramphenicol-dependent panagglutinin in his serum. The antibody was IgM with a titer of 8. It showed no blood group specificity when tested with common and rare red cell phenotypes, and it failed to react with platelets and granulocytes. Confirmation attempts using a chloramphenicol sodium succinate solution as the cell-suspending medium led to negative results. The antibody reacted serologically only in the presence of chloramphenicol, which arises from the succinate derivative by the action of blood esterases. CONCLUSION: This case is an additional example of a chloramphenicol-dependent antibody. It demonstrates how the laboratory investigation of drug-related phenomena is dependent on testing the drug from that reacts in vivo. 相似文献
69.
Rosenzweig M; Marks DF; Zhu H; Hempel D; Mansfield KG; Sehgal PK; Kalams S; Scadden DT; Johnson RP 《Blood》1996,87(10):4040-4048
70.
That most patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) have either very low levels or no leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity (LAP) is an established fact. In view of our new findings7 that normal mature human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) contain two types of granules, azurophils (1/3) and specifics (2/3), and that alkaline phosphatase is present only in specific granules, we undertook the present studies to determine whether these neoplastic PMN lack a specific granule population or simply lack the enzyme. The cellular buffy coats of five patients with CML (Ph1 plus, LAP minus) were fixed in glutaraldehyde, incubated for peroxidase to identify the azurophil population, and examined by electron microscopy. It was found that the specific granule population was present in all mature PMN. Counts of both azurophil and specific granules per cell were slightly lower than normal but were within an 80%-90% overlap of the normal range. We therefore conclude that the low level of LAP in patients with CML reflects a deficiency of the enzyme rather than a missing granule population. Although the mature PMN appeared relatively normal (with few exceptions), circulating myeloblasts and promyelocytes revealed several abnormalities, the most notable being the presence of large bundles of cytoplasmic microfilaments. The blood of two patients in the terminal phase of disease was reexamined. Most of their cells were immature, with aberrations similar to those in myeloblasts and promyelocytes in the chronic phase of the disorder. In addition, however, we discovered three adnormal populations of mature PMN: (1) PMN containing both populations of granules but lacking peroxidase, (2) PMN lacking specific granules, and (3) PMN lacking azurophil granules. Our findings emphasize the value of electron microscopy and cytochemistry in detecting abnormalities of maturation in the cytoplasm of leukemic PMN. 相似文献