前锯肌瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损

目的应用前锯肌瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损。方法17例足踝部软组织缺损的患者,采用前锯肌瓣游离移植,肌瓣上游离植皮的方法。结果平均手术时间(6.5±1.2)h,血管蒂长(8.31±1.48)cm。发生局部血肿的患者2例,浅感染2例。翼状肩胛1例,无症状。瘢痕疼痛2例,侧胸壁麻木1例。3例患者与对侧相比,肩关节活动幅度及活动力量下降,术后半年好转。移植后的肌瓣小而薄,与足部组织的黏附性好,患者行走功能恢复好。结论前锯肌瓣为足踝部的软组织缺损的治疗提供了优良的选择。     

血管球瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨血管球瘤的诊断与治疗。方法 回顾12例血管球瘤的诊治经过和随访记录。结果 12例均行手术切除及病理证实，随访3-35年无复 发（1例35年无复发）。结论 血管球瘤发病原因不明，起病时间不确切，多为女性，非体力劳动，一旦确诊，药物治疗无效，宜手术切除，不易复发。     

A multicenter study of the pharmacokinetics of lisinopril in pediatric patients with hypertension

The pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of lisinopril were obtained in 46 children aged 6 months to 15 years. A lisinopril suspension (0.15 mg/kg per day) was administered to patients <6 years of age; the remaining children received lisinopril tablets, the daily dose being adjusted according to body weight, i.e., 2.5 mg if <25 kg, 5 mg if 25–45 kg, and 10 mg if >45 kg. Blood was drawn predose and on eight occasions postdose in children aged 4–15 years, and on five occasions in those aged <4 years. PK data are reported for the 46 children in terms of age groups: Group I (n = 9), aged 6–23 months; Group II (n = 8), aged 2–5 years; Group III (n = 12), aged 6–11 years; Group IV (n = 17), aged 12–15 years. The dose of lisinopril ranged from 3.07 mg/m² per day in Group I to 4.78 mg/m² per day in Group IV. C_max of lisinopril, which occurred 5–6 h postdose, varied from 22 ng/ml in Groups I and II to 44 ng/ml in Groups III and IV; AUC_{0–24 h} ranged from 301–311 ng·h/ml in Groups I and II to 550–570 ng·h/ml in Groups III and IV. No serious adverse events related to lisinopril were reported.     

A meta-analysis of optimum plane placement and related morbidity in primary breast augmentation

Despite extensive clinical experience of breast implants, there is continued controversy regarding the optimum placement of the prosthesis. More importantly, there is insufficient data to accurately determine whether subglandular (SG) or submuscular (SM) placement of the prosthesis diminishes postoperative complications. A search of published trials (n = 34) examined complication rates following SG and SM implant placement was conducted. Pubmed (MEDLINE) database was used and the available data was then cross-referenced. Eligible trials (n = 6) were then reviewed and selected data extracted. Primary outcomes measured were postoperative haematoma, infection, capsular contracture and implant migration. 3603 patients were identified from relevant trials examining postoperative complication rates for both subglandular and submuscular implant planes. The submuscular implant plane was associated with a higher incidence of postoperative haematoma (OR 2.87, 95% CI, 1.44-6.11). The incidence of capsular contracture (OR 4.77) is more common when a subglandular plane is used. No significant difference was noted in the rate of postoperative infection (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.57-2.58) or implant migration (OR 1.56, 95%CI 0.12-87.4) between the two groups. This meta-analysis confirms that subglandular augmentation results in lower short-term morbidity; however, submuscular placement appears to provide the best long-term outcome in terms of morbidity. In the absence of randomized controlled trials comparing these two techniques, this meta-analysis provides evidence to guide surgeons to achieve the best outcomes for their patients.     

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: findings at barium enema study and defecography

Sixteen cases of histopathologically proved solitary rectal ulcer syndrome were encountered. Fifteen patients underwent barium enema study; in nine cases the findings--including rectal stricture, granularity of the mucosa, and thickened rectal folds-were nonspecific. In six cases the study was normal. All patients had a long history of defecation disorders, and defecography was performed in all. In seven cases, intussusception of the rectal wall was seen; in another case the intussusception was accompanied by a rectocele. One case showed rectal prolapse. In four cases, failed relaxation of the puborectalis occurred and prevented the passage of the bolus; in another case there was abnormal perineal descent. In two patients studies were normal. In patients with defecation disorders, the possibility of this syndrome should be considered. Defecography is the method of choice for establishing the diagnosis.     

Hormone profiling in a novel enteroendocrine cell line pGIP/neo: STC-1

Objective.GIP is a peptide hormone of therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes and obesity. This study evaluated pGIP/neo STC-1 as a potential K-cell model for studying GIP secretion.Methods.We evaluated cellular storage and medium accumulation of GIP along with other gastrointestinal peptides cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY), obestatin and ghrelin over 72 h and probed possible intracellular signals (PKA, PKC, Ca^2 + and GPCR) involved in peptide hormone synthesis/secretion.Results.Results demonstrate for the first time that pGIP/Neo STC-1 cells produce and secrete 3 to 6 times more GIP than STC-1. The cells clearly retain the ability to synthesize and secrete CCK and PYY but reduced levels indicate a shift towards a predominantly K-cell phenotype. Furthermore, gastric peptides such as obestatin and ghrelin are not produced in either STC-1 or pGIP/Neo STC-1 cells.Discussion.This study demonstrates the potential usefulness of pGIP/Neo cells for studying GIP secretion and further investigations will establish its suitability for investigating hormone release in vitro.     

The impact of periodontitis on oral health‐related quality of life: a review of the evidence from observational studies

Modern population based oral health management requires a complete understanding of the impact of disease in order to provide efficient and effective oral health care and guidance. Periodontitis is an important cause of tooth loss and has been shown to be associated with a number of systemic conditions. The impact of oral conditions and disorders on quality of life has been extensively studied. However, the impact of periodontitis on quality of life has received less attention. This review summarizes the literature on the impact of periodontitis on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL). Relevant publications were identified after searching the MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases. Screening of titles and abstracts and data extraction was conducted. Only observational studies were included in this review. Most of the reviewed studies reported a negative impact of periodontitis on OHRQoL. However, the reporting standards varied across studies. Moreover, most of the studies were conducted in developed countries.