Perinatal outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease

Objective: To determine whether inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with increased risk for adverse perinatal outcome.

Methods: A case–control study of 116 singleton pregnancies with IBD compared to 56?398 singleton controls delivered between 1986 and 2001.

Results: Patients with IBD were slightly older (32.8 vs. 30.6 years, p <?0.001), more likely to be Caucasian or Asian than Black or Latino (92% vs. 57%, p <?0.001) and have private health insurance (33% vs. 3%, p <?0.001). IBD was associated with an increased risk for labor induction (32% vs. 24%, p?=?0.002), chorioamnionitis (7% vs. 3%, p?=?0.04) and Cesarean section (32% vs. 22%, p?=?0.007), but there were no differences in neonatal outcomes. Subgroup analysis demonstrated an increased risk for low birth weight (LBW) in the ulcerative colitis group vs. the Crohn's disease group (19% vs. 0%, p?=?0.002). Patients with prior surgery for IBD had a lower incidence of LBW (0% vs. 12%, p?=?0.03). Flares during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk for preterm delivery (27% vs. 8%, p?=?0.02) and LBW (32% vs. 3%, p?=?0.003).

Conclusion: IBD was an independent risk factor for Cesarean section but there was no increase in adverse perinatal outcome. Crohn's disease, prior IBD surgery and quiescent disease were associated with a lower risk for LBW.     

催醒宁在大鼠离体灌流肝脏中的生物转化

用离体大鼠肝脏灌流方法,研究了胆碱酯酶抑制剂CXN的生物转化过程。径HPLC分离纯化及光谱分析,鉴定了CXN的六个脂溶性代谢产物的化学结构。产物Ⅰ为CXN原形,其余均为氧化产物。其中产物Ⅲ尚保留部分抑酶活力,而产物Ⅱ,Ⅴ及Ⅵ对小鼠全脑胆碱酯酶的抑酶活力明显下降。另外还观察到,代谢产物Ⅱ及Ⅴ对小鼠的急性毒性也明显减小。     

新麻醉药静松灵生物转化的研究

静松灵[2-(2,4-二甲基苯胺基)-4,5-二氢噻唑,XT]是国内合成的麻醉物,经ip给药后,从大鼠尿中分离、纯化、鉴定了四个代谢产物。MB₁即XT原形;MB₃及MA₂互为异构体,分别为2位、4位甲基氧化为羧基的产物;MA₁则4位甲基氧化为羧基,二氢噻唑环中4¹位亚甲基氧化为羰基。初步实验表明:代谢产物MB₃,MA²,MA₁的药效与毒性均远低于原形药,大鼠与小鼠对XT的转化机制相近,但也存在种属的差异。     

灰黄霉素中灰黄霉酸杂质及色泽的考查

目的:本文采用薄层色谱法考查了不同厂家灰黄霉素中灰黄霉酸杂质的存在.方法:以丙酮为溶媒,精制灰黄霉素,摸索分离条件,探讨杂质限度,考查产品色泽.结果:杂质均值为0.276%,RSD为0.168%.结论:对改进产品检验方法、提高产品质量具有一定的参考价值.     

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia due to a new platelet-specific alloantibody

An infant with severe neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is described in whom an antibody directed at a new platelet-specific alloantigen, Ca (HPA-6b), is implicated. The new alloantigen is of low frequency in the population and was localized to platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIIa. Immunoprecipitation studies using murine monoclonal antibodies specific for the GP complex IIb-IIIa and GPIIIa alone (AP2 and AP3) suggest that the location of the Ca epitope on GPIIIa may be near the binding site for AP3. Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia associated with Ca is likely to be as severe as that seen in cases due to incompatibilities for the HPA-1 (PIA) and HPA-4 (Pen) platelet alloantigen systems, because each is located on GPIIIa, a densely represented molecule on the platelet surface.     

Tumors of the central nervous system studied by computed tomography and ultrasound

Intraoperative ultrasound (US) was compared to computed tomography (CT) in 41 intracranial and 6 spinal cord tumors. The studies correlated closely except for primary gliomas. Eight of the 22 primary intracranial gliomas (37%), including 1 low-grade and 7 anaplastic tumors, were larger and more extensive on US than on CT. Margins of non-enhanced primary astrocytomas were shown by US but not CT. Four anaplastic tumors (19%) exhibited echogenicity extending beyond the enhanced area. In 4 patients an enhanced lesion contained a lucent center which proved to be echogenic. Low-grade astrocytomas were relatively homogeneous on US, while anaplastic astrocytomas were more inhomogeneous. Cysts could be found in both types of astrocytomas and were often small and multiple. The echo pattern was not helpful in differentiating metastases from primary tumors, although all of them had sharp margins. Sonography of the central nervous system can provide valuable information about tumor morphology and margins.     

Assessment of congenital heart defects by dynamic three-dimensional echocardiography: methods of data acquisition and clinical potential

To evaluate the use of three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital heart defects, we studied 238 patients aged 3 days to 19 years (mean 4.3 years) with normal hearts ( n = 13) or a variety of congenital heart defects (n = 225) Three different modalities of data acquisition suitable for reconstruction were applied For parallel scanning, the transducer is held in a 6-cm long scan frame and then moved over the thorax, or in the subcostal position, by a stepper motor using 0.5-mm steps with acquisition of perpendicular parallel images of the heart For rotational scanning, the transducer is rotated at sectors of 2° over a span of 180° For fan-like scanning, the transducer is moved in an arc 45° each way from its vertical axis Movement of the transducer is computer-controlled and performed with electrocardiography and respiratory gating Between 80 and 120 slices of the heart are thus obtained, which form the dataset This dataset can then be "sectioned" in any desired plane, thus permitting generation of views simulating intraoperative perspectives Ventricular septal defects and atrioventricular valves can be displayed as viewed via the atrium Muscular ventricular septal defects can be viewed as seen through a ventriculotomy Obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract can be viewed as via an aortotomy, and so on We conclude that this new imaging modality has a vast potential and may facilitate planning of intracranial surgery.