Sweets, snacking habits, and skipping meals in children and adolescents on intensive insulin treatment

Aim:  To examine the association between skipping meals and snacking events and dietary and clinical characteristics in children and adolescents using modern insulin treatment.
Methods:  Dietary intake was recorded for 4 d in food diaries in 655 young diabetic patients. Number of meals and snacking events was recorded in a separated questionnaire, while clinical data were obtained from case record forms. Skipping meals refer to consuming a main meal (e.g., breakfast) five times a week or less.
Results:  Modern insulin treatment may favor a more flexible lifestyle. This study shows that there are fewer young diabetic patients who skip meals than non-diabetic controls (p < 0.001) even when using modern intensified insulin treatment. However, skipping meals among young diabetic patients was associated with negative characteristics such as having suboptimal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (OR 4.7, p = 0.02), higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (OR 4.0, p < 0.001), watching more TV (OR 3.6, p < 0.001), being overweight (OR 2.8, p = 0.03), as well as having a higher intake of added sugar (OR 2.1, p = 0.01) and lower intake of fiber (OR 0.2, p = 0.04) compared with those not skipping meals. Having more than two snacking events during the day was associated with higher HbA1c, higher intake of added sugar and sweets, and spending more hours in front of the TV or personal computer.
Conclusions:  In general, fewer children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes skip meals compared with healthy peers. Those who skip meals and have more snacking events have poorer glycemic control and less healthy dietary and leisure habits.     

中药云前胡的化学成分研究

从云前胡(Peucedanum rubricaule Shan et Shch)的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了二十个成分,有十三个是香豆素化合物,其中化合物ⅩⅤ是一个新的香豆素配糖体,命名为云前胡甙(rubr icauloside),经光谱测定及化学降解确定其结构为:5,7-二甲氧基-8-[2′-羟基-3′-甲基,3′-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖基(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-丁基]-香豆素。     

有机锡化合物抗肿瘤生物活性研究

有机锡(IV)化合物能明显地抑制大鼠脑组织中PKC活性和肿瘤细胞增殖，且两者之间存在着相关性。抗肿瘤活性的构效关系是：(1)有机基团R决定整个化合物的生物活性，Ph>Et>n-Bu；(2)卤素的电负性影响化合物活性的大小。抗肿瘤活性可能通过[snR₂]²⁺实现。并能部分地阻断HL-60细胞周期中的G_I期向S期的移行。[SnPh₂F₂]，[SnPh₂(CysOS)]H₂O和[SnPh₂Cl2·phen(CH₃)₂]对PKC的IC₅₀值分别为25，15和20 umol·L^-1，对HL-60细胞的IC₅₀值分别为0．5，4．0和0．3umol·L^-1。但它们无诱导分化HL-60和K562细胞的作用。     

有机锡化合物抗肿瘤生物活性研究

有机锡（ＩＶ）化合物能明显地抑制大鼠脑组织中ＰＫＣ活性和肿瘤细胞增殖，且两者之间存在着相关性。抗肿瘤活性的构效关系是：（１）有机基团Ｒ决定整个化合物的生物活性，Ｐｈ＞Ｅｔ＞ｎ－Ｂｕ；（２）卤素的电负性影响化合物活性的大小。抗肿瘤活性可能通过［ＳｎＲ２］２＋实现。并能部分地阻断ＨＬ－６０细胞周期中的Ｇ１期向ｓ期的移行。［ＳｎＰｈ２Ｆ２］，［ＳｎＰｈ２（ＣｙｓＯＳ）］ＨＯ２和［ＳｎＰｈ２Ｃｌ２·ｐｈｅｎ（ＣＨ３）２］对ＰＫＣ的ＩＣ５０值分别为２５，１５和２０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，对ＨＬ－６０细胞的ＩＣ５０值分别为０．５，４．０和０．３μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。但它们无诱导分化ＨＬ－６０和Ｋ５６２细胞的作用。     

Assessment of regional wall motion and perfusion by multigated myocardial scintigraphy after intracoronary Tl-201

Fourteen patients undergoing intracoronary thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction had intracoronary injection of thallium-201 to assess myocardial salvage after reperfusion. Scintigrams of the perfused myocardium were gated and compared with both ungated scans and radionuclide ventriculograms (multigated blood pool scintigrams) to determine the value of gated perfusion images for studies of both perfusion and regional wall motion. Multigated and ungated thallium images provided comparable information about regional myocardial perfusion. Correlation between multigated thallium images of regional wall motion and radionuclide ventriculograms was poor (tau = 0.44). Assessment of wall motion was most accurate in well-perfused segments and least accurate in partially perfused segments.