Induction of FMLP-mediated calcium mobilization requires crosslinking of surface immunoglobulin in Daudi cells.

We have explored the requirements for the induction of the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) response in Daudi cells after anti-immunoglobulin treatment. Our results indicate that (a) induction of responsiveness to FMLP was observed in Daudi only after crosslinking of surface immunoglobulin by anti-immunoglobulin; (b) this induced responsiveness was not observed in Ramos or Wil-2 cells; (c) the F(ab')2 fragment was sufficient for the induction of the FMLP response, but the Fab fragment and the Fc fragment were ineffective; (d) of the many agents active in B lymphocyte regulation which were tested, none were as effective as anti-immunoglobulin in the induction of the FMLP response; and (e) three inhibitors of calcium mobilization (W-7 (N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulfonamide), PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), and colchicine), acting on distinct mechanisms, inhibited both the calcium mobilization due to anti-immunoglobulin and the induction of responsiveness to FMLP. Our results suggest important determinants in the induction of a calcium-mobilizing FMLP response in cells of B lymphocyte lineage include (a) the cell type, (b) a selective requirement for activation via surface immunoglobulin, and (c) crosslinking of the surface immunoglobulin.     

Pancreatoblastoma--histopathological and ultrastructural analysis of two cases.

Pancreatoblastoma has been described in children and characterized by unique histologic features and excellent clinical course. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of pancreatoblastoma reveal either exocrine alone or both endocrine and exocrine differentiation. We present two cases of pancreatoblastoma in children in which immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination failed to demonstrate features of either enzyme or hormone production and which became worse in clinical course. We assume that pancreatoblastomas are tumors which differentiate more toward acinar or ductal elements than toward islet cell.     

阴股沟皮瓣显微解剖学特征及其在组织修复功能重建中的应用

目的：明确阴股沟皮瓣的显微解剖基础，为临床应用此皮瓣提供解剖依据。资料来源：应用计算机检索Medline1991-01／2005-01的相关文章，检索词“pudendal-thigh flap，micranatomy”，并限定文章语言种类为English。并且手工检索《中文科技资料目录一医药卫生）1998-01／2005-01的相关文章，检索途径：分类途径。 资料选择：对资料进行初审，并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准：①随机对照的基础及临床试验。②无论是否为单盲，双盲或非盲法。排除标准：重复性研究或综述性文章。 资料提炼：共检索到42篇相关文章，21篇文献符合纳入标准，排除的21篇文献为内容陈旧或重复。 资料综合：阴股沟区动脉血液供应充足，并且位置均比较恒定，尤以阴部外动脉最为恒定。静脉回流丰富，神经支配可靠。阴股沟皮瓣是位于股内侧上方与会阴部之间的无毛区域，上界平耻骨联合上缘水平，下界为两侧坐骨结节连线，内侧界为阴囊或大阴唇外侧缘，外侧界为股内侧皱襞，自阴囊（唇）外侧缘向大腿内上方延伸约5cm包括的范围。该区动脉血液供应丰富，计有阴部外动脉，闭孔动脉前皮支，阴囊（唇）后动脉的外侧支，旋股内侧动脉的皮支，股内侧的主要动脉支，以及来自阴部内动脉的肛动脉（直肠下动脉）等，并且位置均比较恒定，其中尤其以阴部外动脉最为恒定。在阴股沟区，阴囊（唇）后动脉与旋股内动脉、闭孔动脉前支及阴部外动脉的分支存在广泛的吻合并在内收肌内侧以上的深筋膜层形成血管网。进入阴股沟区的多支血管相互吻合成网。阴股沟区静脉回流丰富，神经支配可靠。 结论：阴股沟皮瓣血运丰富，解剖简便易行，切取方便，供区隐蔽，再造性器官外形及恢复神经感觉均取得较为理想的效果，是一种值得推广的方法。     

A prospective study of Autologous Growth Factors (AGF) in lumbar interbody fusion.

BACKGROUND: Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have reported on the use of platelet concentrates to promote tissue healing. The results in spinal fusion applications are limited and controversial. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current prospective clinical cohort study is to assess the effect of Autologous Growth Factors (AGF) on lumbar interbody fusion with specific attention paid to determination of clinical and radiographic outcomes. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Prospective clinical study PATIENT SAMPLE: Candidates for anterior-posterior lumbar fusion with diagnosis of degenerative disc disease and/or up to grade I spondylolytic spondylolisthesis based on positive provocative discography. OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical (visual analogue pain scale/functional outcome assessment) and radiographic outcomes (fusion on computed tomography at 6 months and plain radiographs at 12 and 24 months). METHODS: Thirty-seven patients were assigned to standard anterior-posterior interbody fusion L2-S1 (single or two-level) using iliac crest bone graft (autograft group: 22 patients with 32 levels operated) or allograft combined with autogenous growth factors (AGF group: 15 patients with 25 levels operated). Radiographic outcomes were collected at 6 months postsurgery with computed tomography and at 12 and 24 months with plain radiographs. Pre- and postoperative clinical outcome measures included visual analog scores (VAS) for back and leg pain (0-10), SF-36 scores, and Oswestry disability determination. Average clinical and radiographic follow-up for the autograft group was 24.3+/-5.6 months (12-36 months) and AGF was 25.7+/-7.5 (6-40 months). RESULTS: Fusion incorporation at each end plate was determined at 56% in both autograft and AGF (p=NS) patients based on computed tomography at 6 months with minimal subsidence noted and no direct correlation between the incidence or degree of cage subsidence and bone graft technique. The 12- and 24-month radiographic results confirmed an 85% arthrodesis rate for the autograft patients, whereas the AGF patients had an 89% fusion rate (p=NS). Clinical outcomes were similar for both groups and no significant differences were noted for pain or functional outcome improvements. CONCLUSIONS: AGF combined with an allograft carrier is equivalent in radiographic and clinical outcomes to autograft in one- or two-level lumbar interbody fusion with supplemental posterior fixation and, thus, eliminates any morbidity from iliac crest bone graft harvesting. AGF combined with an appropriate carrier is a reasonable alternative to autograft and expensive bone induction technologies. Further research is still required to examine the optimum carriers, preparation and formulation, and platelet concentrations for this technology.     

Althin/TIAN System1000 HDF血透机常见故障及检修

Althin／TIAN System1000 HDF血透机是美国Baxter公司较为先进的血液透析滤过装置。它采用的是平恒腔式的定容超滤控制系统．使得超滤量的控制更为精确。非在线式血液滤过的设计彻底保证了滤过液的安全性。人性化的液晶触摸屏给操作和维修带来及大的方便。由于血透机特殊的工作环境．年久的机器会出现一些问题。现将几例常见故障的检修提供给同行，供同行参考。     

The immunomodulatory effects of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol on murine splenocyte and peritoneal macrophage function in vitro.

3-Monochloro-1,2-propanediol (MCPD) is a well-known by-product of acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce during its manufacturing process. MCPD has been reported genotoxic in vitro, and reproductive toxicity and carcinogenicity in rats. To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of MCPD on murine splenocyte and macrophage in vitro, we investigated splenocyte blastogenesis by concanavalin A (Con A), anti-CD3, and lipopolyssacharide (LPS), the production of cytokines from splenocyte, and the activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages. There was a significant decrease in lymphocyte blastogenesis to Con A or anti-CD3 at subtoxic dose of MCPD. A significant decrease in splenocyte blastogenesis to LPS was also observed. The production level of interferon (IFN)-gamma on splenocyte culture with Con A was significantly reduced at the higher concentration than 1.0mM of MCPD. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 were also decreased at high concentrations of MCPD. There was a significant decrease in production of nitric oxide (NO) by peritoneal macrophages treated with MCPD. MCPD also inhibits tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production of stimulated macrophages. These results indicate that MCPD might be able to reduce the functionality of lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages in vitro.     

双炔失碳酯或丙睾配伍dl-15甲基PGF_(2α)抗早孕的临床比较

本文报告65例双炔失碳酯配伍d1-15甲基PGF_(2α)(以下简称PG)抗早孕结果并与33例丙睾配伍PG抗早孕结果进行比较。结果显示,双炔失碳酯组完全流产59例,占90%;不全流产3例,占5%;失败3例,占5%;总有效率95%。丙睾组完全流产27例,占82%;不全流产6例,占18%;总有效率100%。两组总有效率无显著差异;完全流产率无显著差异;但不全流产率有明显差异(P<0.05)。药流后点滴出血天数,双炔失碳酯组平均为8.1±5.0天;丙睾组平均为18.9±19.1天;两组有明显差别(P<0.05)。双炔失碳酯经阴道给药后无一例发生心、肝、肾功能变化。     

Depressed convulsions by diazepam and its effects on brain monoamines and amino acids in E1 mice

The effect of diazepam on inbred mutant E1 mice, which develop convulsive seizures after repeated sessions of being tossed up, was examined. Acute administration of diazepam (32 mg/kg, i.p.) completely inhibited the convulsions. At that time, the dopamine level was increased in the cortex and hippocampus, and the norepinephrine level in the cerebellum was decreased. 5-Hydroxytryptamine levels were not changed. As for amino acids, the glutamine level increased and the levels of GABA, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine and other amino acids were not changed.     

乳腺囊性增生病癌变过程中部分因素变化的意义

检测乳腺囊性增生病（ＦＣＤ）经不典型增生到癌变部分因素的变化。结果提示：从因明显ＦＣＤ症状活检至癌变为２～１０年；从Ⅱ级以上不典型增生到临床癌变需２～７年；癌变率为３．１％。ＦＣＤ患者存在性激素分泌调控失常，血浆雌激素和催乳素含量增加，导致上皮细胞增生。乳腺一般性增生细胞的ＤＮＡ含量和超微结构与正常乳腺上皮细胞相似；无肿瘤相关抗原及异常基因产物表达。而发生在一般性增生基础上的不典型增生则呈现细胞基因物质ＤＮＡ含量增加，部分为超４Ｃ的多倍体细胞；同时出现细胞膜和细胞核超微结构异常；雌激素受体含量增加，对性激素的依赖性和敏感性增强；部分不典型增生细胞出现胚胎性肿瘤相关抗原和异常基因产物表达。随不典型增生程度加重至乳腺癌，上述诸因素的变化趋势具有明显规律性。提示ＦＣＤ上皮细胞从一般性增生经不典型增生至乳腺癌为细胞生物学连续逐渐变化的过程。部分不典型增生细胞中具有癌倾向的细胞生物学行为异常和表型变化与乳腺癌发生密切相关。细胞核ＤＮＡ含量等异常变化及程度可作为乳腺癌前病变发展程度的客观标志     

Evaluation of peripheral blood involvement of mantle cell lymphoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization in comparison with immunophenotypic and morphologic findings.

Mantle cell lymphoma is non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation. Peripheral blood involvement of mantle cell lymphoma is usually associated with a poor prognosis and therefore, its identification is clinically important. In this study, we performed cyclin D1/IgH-probe fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on 223 peripheral blood samples: 185 from 125 mantle cell lymphoma patients, and 38 normal controls. The cutoff values for the test were established using normal controls. Flow cytometry on peripheral blood and corresponding bone marrow samples was used to evaluate this test. In all, 26% of the 185 peripheral blood samples and 27% of the 161 corresponding bone marrow samples were flow cytometry positive for mantle cell lymphoma. The mean numbers of single and- double-fusion signals and the mean number of CD5/CD19-positive cells, absolute blood lymphocyte count, and white blood cell count were significantly higher in peripheral blood and corresponding bone marrow samples with mantle cell lymphoma-positive flow cytometry. Double-fusion signals were more specific than single-fusion ones. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was far more likely to be positive for mantle cell lymphoma when the peripheral blood and the corresponding bone marrow samples had positive flow cytometry results or morphology (P<0.01). Our study indicates that cyclin D1/IgH-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis could be used to determine the presence and character of circulating mantle cell lymphoma cells in peripheral blood, thus enhancing our ability to evaluate leukemic mantle cell lymphoma and minimum residual disease.