细胞间粘附分子-1在乙型肝炎后肝细胞癌表达的免疫组化研究

为探讨细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）在原发性肝细胞癌的表达状况及其在肝癌发生中的作用,利用免疫组织化学技术链菌素亲生物蛋白（ＬＳＡＢ）法检测３０例乙型肝炎后肝细胞癌及癌旁肝组织ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达情况,结果 肝癌组织中,ＩＣＡＭ－１存在一定程度的表达,其中癌组织阳性率为４３．３％,多为弱表达,癌旁肝组织明显高于癌组织,阳性率为７８．６％,多呈弥漫强阳性表达,二者差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．１０）。结论     

HLA-ABC,HLA-DR,ICAM-1在乙型肝炎肝细胞表达的意义

为进一步探讨HLA-ABC.HIA-DR.ICAM-1在乙型肝炎肝细胞损伤中的作用.利用标记链菌素亲生物蛋白(LSAB)法对98例乙型肝炎肝穿组织进行HLA-ABC,HLA-DR,ICAM-1检测。结果显示HLA-ABC,ICAM-1在乙型肝炎肝细胞存在广泛表达,且与肝脏病变程度有关,HLA-DR也有一定程度表达,其阳性率分别为85.7％,83.7％,26.5％。阳性表达多位于肝细胞炎性病变或坏死区,常伴有不同程度炎性细胞浸润。提示HLA-ABC,ICAM-1的在肝细胞广泛表达在乙型肝炎发病中起重要作用。HLA-DR异常表达也一定程度参与了乙肝发病。这些免疫有关分子为T淋巴细胞识别杀伤HBV感染肝细胞提供了必要的分子基础,不仅与乙型肝炎肝细胞损伤有关,而且对肝内病毒的清除可能有一定的作用。     

The research for the function evaluation of facial nerve and the mechanisms of rehabilitation training

Background:Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) is a common peripheral neural disease. Acupuncture treatment combined with PFP rehabilitation exercises is a routine method of PFP treatment. This article is to provide a new visual and objective evaluation method for exploring the mechanism and efficacy of acupuncture treatment on PFP, and develop an interactive augmented facial nerve function rehabilitation training system with multiple training models.Methods:This prospective and observational trial will recruit 200 eligible participants for the following study. In the trial, the laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) technology will be applied to monitor the microcirculation of facial blood flow during acupuncture, and real-time monitoring algorithms, data sampling, and digital imaging methods will be conducted by machine learning and image segmentation. Then, a database of patient facial expressions will be built, the correlation between surface blood flow perfusion volume and facial structure symmetry will be analyzed, combined with scale assessment and electrophysiological detection. In addition, we will also explore the objectivity and effectiveness of LASCA in the evaluation of facial paralysis (FP), and the changes in blood flow microcirculation before and after acupuncture treatment will be analyzed.Results:The standard image of the facial target area with facial nerve injury will be manually segmented by the convolutional neural network method. The blood flow images of the eyelid, cheek, and mandible of the patients’ affected and healthy side will be compared and evaluated. Laser speckle blood flow symmetry Pr and its changes in FP condition evolution and prognosis outcome will be measured, and relevant characteristic signals values will be extracted. Finally, COX regression analysis method is conducted to establish a higher accuracy prediction model of FP with cross-validation based on laser speckle blood flow imaging technology.Conclusions:We use modern interdisciplinary high-tech technologies to explore the mechanism of acupuncture rehabilitation training in PFP. And we will provide evidence for the feasibility of using the LASCA technique as a typing diagnosis of FP in the acupuncture rehabilitation treatment of PFP.Registration number:ChiCTR1800019463     

Persistence of side population cells with high drug efflux capacity in pancreatic cancer

AIM： To investigate the persistence of side population （SP） cells in pancreatic cancer and their role and mechanism in the drug resistance. METHODS： The presentation of side population cells in pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 and its proportion change when cultured with Gemcitabine, was detected by Hoechst 33342 staining and FACS analysis. The expression of ABCB1 and ABCG2 was detected by real- time PCR in either SP cells or non-SP cells. RESULTS： SP cells do exist in PANC-1, with a median of 3.3% and a range of 2.1-8.7%. After cultured with Gemcitabine for 3 d, the proportion of SP cells increased significantly （3.8% ± 1.9%, 10.7% ± 3.7%, t = 4.616, P = 0.001 〈 0.05）. ABCB1 and ABCG2 expressed at higher concentrations in SP as compared with non-SP cells （ABCB1： 1.15 ± 0.72, 5.82 ± 1.16, t = 10.839, P = 0.000 〈 0.05; ABCG2： 1.16 ± 0.75, 5.48 ± 0.94, t = 11.305, P = 0.000 〈 0.05）, which may contribute to the efflux of fluorescent staining and drug resistance. CONCLUSION： SP cells with inherently high resistance to chemotherapeutic agents do exist in pancreatic cancers, which may be candidate cancer stem cells contributing to the relapse of the tumor.     

Plasma Levels of Interleukin 18, Interleukin 10, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and -137G/C Polymorphism of Interleukin 18 Are Associated with Incidence of In-stent Restenosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the levels of IL-18, IL-10, and MMP-9 and -137G/C polymorphism of interleukin 18 with the risk of in-stent restenosis (ISR). The study population consisted of 68 patients with ISR, 173 in non-ISR group, treated with drug-eluting stent and evaluated by coronary angiography post-procedure and at follow-up, and also 109 without angiographic evidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) which formed a reference control group (non-CAD group). The sequential plasma IL-18, IL-10, and MMP-9 levels were assessed at admission, 24 h, and 2 weeks after percutaneous coronary intervention. The -137G/C polymorphism of IL-18 was genotyped by the ligase detection reaction-polymerase chain reaction. Plasma IL-18 and MMP-9 increased significantly from admission, peaking after 24 h and fall after 2 weeks. Compared with the non-ISR group, the ISR group had higher levels of IL-18 and MMP-9, but IL-10 level was the opposite. The -137GG genotype of IL-18 was significantly higher than of the CG and CC genotypes. A significant higher frequency of -137G allele or GG genotype of IL-18 was observed in patients with ISR group compared with the non-ISR group. There is correlation between the changes of IL-18, IL-10, MMP-9, and ISR. IL-18 promoter -137G/C polymorphism influences IL-18 levels and the susceptibility to ISR, suggesting that IL-18-mediated pathways are causally involved in the process of ISR.     

Osteoimmunology in orthodontic tooth movement

The skeletal and immune systems share a multitude of regulatory molecules, including cytokines, receptors, signaling molecules, and signaling transducers, thereby mutually influencing each other. In recent years, several novel insights have been attained that have enhanced our current understanding of the detailed mechanisms of osteoimmunology. In orthodontic tooth movement, immune responses mediated by periodontal tissue under mechanical force induce the generation of inflammatory responses with consequent alveolar bone resorption, and many regulators are involved in this process. In this review, we take a closer look at the cellular/molecular mechanisms and signaling involved in osteoimmunology and at relevant research progress in the context of the field of orthodontic tooth movement.     

Generation of human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus from peripheral blood memory B lymphocytes

The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic demonstrated the significance of a global health threat to human beings. Although pandemic H1N1 vaccines have been rapidly developed, passive serotherapy may offer superior immediate protection against infections in children, the elderly and immune-compromised patients during an influenza pandemic. Here, we applied a novel strategy based on Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized peripheral blood memory B cells to screen high viral neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from individuals vaccinated with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 vaccine PANFLU.1. Through a massive screen of 13 090 immortalized memory B-cell clones from three selected vaccinees, seven MAbs were identified with both high viral neutralizing capacities and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) activities against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses. These MAbs may have important clinical implications for passive serotherapy treatments of infected patients with severe respiratory syndrome, especially children, the elderly and immunodeficient individuals. Our successful strategy for generating high-affinity MAbs from EBV-immortalized peripheral blood memory B cells may also be applicable to other infectious or autoimmune diseases.