Treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-related uveitis beyond TNF-α inhibition: a narrative review

Clinical Rheumatology - Chronic anterior uveitis is the most frequent among extra-articular manifestations of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and a relevant cause of ocular morbidity in...     

Ileal lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis after ileo-rectal anastomosis：Relationship with colonic metaplasia

AIM：To assess whether in ulcerative colitis （UC） patients with ileo-rectal anastomosis （IRA）, ileal lesions may develop in the neo-terminal-ileum and their possible relation with phenotypic changes towards colonic epithelium. METHODS： A total of 19 patients with IRA under regular follow up were enrolled, including 11 UC and 8 controls （6 Crohn’s disease, CD; 1 familial adenomatous polyposis, FAP; 1 colon cancer, colon K）. Ileal lesions were identifi ed by ileoscopy with biopsies taken from the ileum （involved and uninvolved） and from the rectal stump. Staining included HE and immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies against colonic epithelial protein CEP （Das-1） and human tropomyosin isoform 5, hTM5 （CG3）. Possible relation between development of colonic metaplasia and ileal lesions was investigated.RESULTS： Stenosing adenocarcinoma of the rectal stump was detected in 1 UC patient. The neo-terminal ileum was therefore investigated in 10/11 UC patients. Ileal ulcers were detected in 7/10 UC, associated with colonic metaplasia in 4/7 （57.1%） and Das-1 and CG3 reactivity in 3/4 UC. In controls, recurrence occurred in 4/6 CD, associated with colonic metaplasia in 3/4 and reactivity with Das-1 and CG3 in 2/3. CONCLUSION： Present fi ndings suggest that in UC, ileal lesions associated with changes towards colonic epithelium may develop also after IRA. Changes of the ileal content after colectomy may contribute to the development of colonic metaplasia, leading to ileal lesions both in the pouch and in the neo-terminal ileum after IRA.     

Malignant Transformation of BHK21 Clone 13 Cells by BK Virus—A Human Papovavirus

BK virus, a widespread human papovavirus, is shown to cause malignant transformation of BHK(21) clone 13 cells. The transformed cells grow as tumors upon inoculation in adult hamsters. The question of the possible role of this virus in human neoplasia is raised.     

Immune response against P815X2 mastocytoma growing in syngeneic DBA/2 mice. III. Morphometric assessment of the dynamic changes in post-capillary venules as regulatory elements of lymphocyte recirculation in tumor-draining lymph nodes

To evaluate the dynamics of lymphocyte recirculation in tumor-bearing mice, the post-capillary venules (PCV) were subjected to quantitative measurements in the regional (RLN) and nonregional (NRLN) lymph nodes during the progression of P815X2 mastocytoma in syngeneic DBA/2 mice. Mice were sacrificed at two-day intervals, and RLNs and NRLNs were analysed for their content of B- and T-lymphocytes and their subsets, demonstrated by immunoperoxidase technique using monoclonal antibodies; Anti-Thy 1.2 (T cells), Anti-Lyt 1 (T-helper cells), Anti-Lyt 2 (T-suppressor cells), and Anti-I-Ad (B cell) antigens, separately in the B- and T-cell compartments. In the PCVs, migration index (MI) and endothelial height (Hend) were measured. There was a biphasic elevation of MI in the RLNs, as compared with only a late rise in the NRLNs, reaching the peak (1.54) on day 14. In RLNs, there was a sharp reduction in Hend starting from the values (6.37 microns) on day 2, down to 4.79 microns on day 8. This is followed by rapid elevation close to the second-day values, e.g. 6.07 on day 10. The changes in MI paralleled the early influx of B cells, as evidenced by the decrease of Thy 1.2+/I-Ad+ cell ratio and a late recruitment of T cells as indicated by the elevation of that ratio as well as the Hend values in both the RLNs and NRLNs. The present experiment shows that morphology of PCVs in the RLNs and in NRLNs of P815X2-bearing mice is subjected to alterations reflecting the dynamics of lymphocyte recruitment into these organs. When combined with lymphocyte subset enumeration using monoclonal antibodies, the quantitative analysis of the PCVs permits predictions to be made on the recirculatory activity of these cell populations during the tumor progression.