The use of deep inspiration preceding the valsalva maneuver and rapid expiration in color doppler imaging of the lower extremity veins

Deep inspiration preceding Valsalva maneuver and rapid expiration immediately following it (DIVE) enhance venous blood flow on color Doppler flow imaging (CDI). The effect of DIVE was assessed in 115 consecutive lower extremity examinations. Of these, 95 or 115 (83%) had negative CDI sonograms, and 20 of 115 (17%) had partially (six of 115) or completely (14 of 115) occluding deep vein thrombosis. DIVE enhanced venous blood flow in 68% of the negative cases, resulting in transient venous distention, and/or more complete color filling, and/or greater spectral flow velocities. The 14 cases with completely occluding thrombi showed no response to DIVE. Six cases with partially occluding thrombi showed moderate to mild response to DIVE, with improved color delineation of the residual patent lumen around the thrombus. The authors conclude that DIVE facilitates deep venous CDI, especially when compression cannot be used to augment venous flow.     

磷酸铝凝胶剂的研制

以微粒沉降速度、粒度分布、粘度大小等为指标，利用正交试验法筛选出磷酸铝凝胶剂的最佳处方。结果表明，磷酸铝凝胶剂的沉降容积比可达９３．１％，其粒度均小于１０μｍ，而且沉降速度较小。     

结肠腺癌CEA的超微结构定位

用辣根过氧化物酶标记的癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）抗体，对结肠腺癌患者的手术标本进行了免疫组织化学染色，观察了ＣＥＡ在肿瘤组织及正常组织细胞中的分布。结果显示，正常结肠组织中，ＣＥＡ沿粘膜上皮细胞的游离面分布；结肠腺癌细胞则失去极性，ＣＥＡ除见于细胞游离面，在细胞侧面和基底面也呈阳性反应。提示ＣＥＡ在结肠细胞表面的分布失去极性可能是腺癌细胞的特点。     

肺癌放疗或化疗后的病理形态及PCNA,p53表达的观察

应用抗增殖细胞核抗原和抑癌基因ｐ５３蛋白的单克隆抗体对３７例放疗或化疗后的肺癌进行了检测，并与未经术前治疗的肺癌组织进行对照，部分组织进行了超微结构观察。结果发现：（１）放疗或化疗对肺癌组织细胞浆及胞核有不同程度的破坏。（２）放、化疗后组织（除分化型腺癌外）ＰＣＮＡ指数下降明显（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。（３）放疗后肺癌组织ｐ５３表达率减低，但化疗后变化不明显。     

中国中原地区33555名妇女妇科疾病发生情况与五种因素关系的调查报告

自１９９２年３月至１９９４年５月，对中原地区４个省２０多个县（市）近２００个单位３３５５５名２０～７５岁的已婚妇女，进行妇科疾病发生情况与年龄、职业、文化、月经、孕产等五种因素关系的调查分析。在３３５５５名妇女中，患病者２２３７０人，总患病率为６６．６７％，查出妇科疾病４２种，计７６９７４例次。结果证明：以２５～３５岁年龄组发病率最高，其中以内生殖器炎症为主；职业以经商者发病率高，特别是性病患者高于其他职业者二倍以上；文化程度以小学、初中者发病率高，尤其宫颈炎更明显；月经情况：随着经前期紧张综合征的加重，更年期综合征发病率增高；孕产次数越多，患病率越高。本次调查未发现宫颈癌，进一步证明我国对妇女保健工作的关心和重视。     

7种凝集素在乳腺癌的定位

应用7种凝集素的亲合组织化学染色法对94例不同的乳腺病变石蜡包埋切片进行定位。结果表明:凝集素受体在正常乳腺组织和良性病变中多定位于腺腔面,而在乳腺癌中则多分布于细胞浆内,提示凝集素有助于区别乳腺的良恶性肿瘤。     

11项心功能指标的计算方法及微机处理

本文用OMEGA 500型Υ相机和MCS 560计算系统,即SPECT,R波门控采集心血池图象,在此基础上进行曲线分析,编制BASIC程序计算11项心功能指标。临床应用结果表明:PFR、LVFF、FFR是舒张期功能的优选指标,其它指标对心功能评价也都有显著意义。     

Evidence for the interaction between antacid and gastric mucosa using an "artificial stomach" model including gastric mucosa.

In light of evidence that certain aluminum-based antacids adhere to the gastric mucosa, we modified our previously described "artificial stomach" (AS) model by including a piece of hog stomach and compared the antacid activity of six aluminum-containing antacid products in the model with and without gastric mucosa. The activity of three of these, Maalox, Riopan and Supralox, was not significantly different in the two systems. In contrast, the activity of the other three, Aludrox, Phosphalugel and Simeco, was significantly greater with mucosa. Antacid activity of one product from each set (Supralox, Phosphalugel) was evaluated in two in vivo methods in human volunteers. For both antacids, results in vivo were similar to those obtained with the AS-containing mucosa. Without mucosa, in vivo and in vitro results were dissimilar for Phosphalugel, thus validating the modified AS. The difference between the two sets of antacids can be explained by 1) the fact that the Al:Mg ratio in the set affected by mucosa is greater than that of unaffected antacids, and 2) a weaker antacid load than in unaffected Supralox. We suggest that in an acid milieu, aluminum ions in antacids like Aludrox, Phosphalugel and Simeco are bound to sialic acid residues in mucus glycoproteins, thus retarding the transit of these antacids through both the AS and the real stomach and prolonging their activity in both situations. When the Al:Mg ratio is low or when the amount of antacid salts is large, aluminum ions tend to be buried in complexes, giving them less chance to interact with gastric mucus, so they transit the stomach more quickly.     

Molecular genetic characterization of XRCC4 function

XRCC4 is a generally expressed protein of 334 amino acids that is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and in V(D)J recombination, but its function is unknown. In this study, we have used a mutational approach and the yeast two-hybrid method to perform an initial characterization of this protein. We show that the XRCC4 protein is located in the nucleus. We also demonstrate that several potential phosphorylation sites are not required for XRCC4 function in a transient V(D)J recombination assay. In addition, we show that XRCC4 forms a homodimer in vivo with the homodimerization domain being located within amino acids 115-204. Finally, we define a core domain of XRCC4 that functions in V(D)J recombination and comprises amino acids 18-204. Potential functions of XRCC4 are discussed.