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BACKGROUND: Brainstem gliomas are highly heterogeneous tumors both in their clinical manifestation and in their pathology. Despite significant advances in the surgery for brainstem gliomas many aspects of this pathology are still unelear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, radiological and surgical outcome of 40 focal "intrinsic" brainstem gliomas and propose a surgical strategyoriented classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 focal ‘intrinsie’ ("expanding variety") tumors have been operated over a period of 8.5-years (January 1998-June 2007). Our criteria included patients with (1) well-defined gadolinium enhancing tumor, (2) relatively long duration of symptoms (〉 six months) and (3) good neurological functional status and independent for all activities of davy living. The cutoff size of 2 cm was not rigidly adhered to. RESULTS: The "intrinsic" brainstem tumors were classified into three types: Expanding, diffuse infiltrative and pure ventral varieties. 相似文献
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Krutchen AE; Bjarnason H; Stackhouse DJ; Nazarian GK; Magney JE; Hunter DW 《Radiology》1996,200(1):159
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Matthew GK Benesch Rongrong Wu Gopal Menon Kazuaki Takabe 《American journal of cancer research》2022,12(12):5403
Outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are known to be worse in tumors with high integrin β1 expression, but targeted monotherapy against this integrin has not been effective. Seven other beta integrins are expressed in mammalian biology and they are known to have overlapping and compensatory signaling in biological systems. However, their roles in PDAC are poorly understood and have not been systematically compared to integrin β1 biology. In this study, we analyzed the clinical outcomes against beta integrin 1-8 (ITGB1-8) expression in PDAC samples from two large independent cohorts, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and . Biological function and tumor microenvironment composition were studied using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and xCell. Expression of all eight beta integrins is significantly increased in PDACs relative to normal pancreatic tissues (all P<0.001). ITGB1, 2, 5, and 6 have similarly enriched gene patterns related to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, epithelial mesenchymal transition, inflammation, stemness, and angiogenesis pathways. Homologous recombination defects and neoantigens are increased in high-ITGB4, 5, and 6 tumors, with decreased overall survival in high-ITGB1, 5, and 6 tumors compared to low expression tumors (hazard ratios 1.5-2.0). High-ITGB1, 2, and 5 tumors have increased fibroblast infiltration (all P<0.01) while endothelial cells are increased in high-ITGB2 and 3 tumors (all P<0.05). Overall, beta integrin expression does not correlate to immune cell populations in PDACs. Therefore, while all beta integrins are overexpressed in PDACs, they exert differential effects on PDAC biology. ITGB2, 5, and 6 have a similar profile to ITGB1, suggesting that future research in PDAC integrin therapy needs to consider the complementary signaling profiles mediated by these integrins. GSE21501相似文献
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