单核吞噬细胞应答伤寒沙门菌的实验研究

目的 研究单核吞噬细胞应答伤寒沙门菌的机理。方法 采用体外培养的PMA分化的THP－1细胞，检测其内化和杀伤胞内伤寒沙门菌的活性，以及伤寒沙门菌诱导PMA分化的THP－1细胞产生TNF－α和IL－12的情况。结果 PMA分化的THP－1细胞内化和杀伤Vi阴性伤寒沙门菌的活性明显高于内化和杀伤Vi阳性伤寒沙门菌的活性。IFN－γ明显中此活性。伤寒沙门菌诱导PMA分化的THP－1细胞可以产生一定量的TNF－α和IL－12，然而，IFN－γ活化的PMA分化的HTP－1细胞产生TNF－α和IL－12的量明显增加。结论 伤寒沙门菌在单核吞噬细胞中的存活可能与Vi抗原的存在有关；IFN－γ在调节机体细胞免疫，防循伤寒沙门菌感染中起着重要的作用。     

Lesbianism in China

Lesbianism in China has a long but usually hidden history. This paper examines the historical and literary sources of the past to illustrate the history of lesbianism and then turns to a survey of lesbianism in the China of today. As in the past, lesbianism remains more or less hidden, and comes to light only occasionally. Data for contemporary China comes from a visit to an institution for delinquent young women, recent police records, and contemporary fiction. It has only been in the past 4 or 5 years that it was possible to talk about lesbianism and most lesbians are fearful of becoming identified.     

安徽省X射线诊断受检者剂量水平调查

目的　了解安徽省X射线诊断受检者体表剂量水平。方法　体表剂量监测按国家标准 ,采用热释光剂量计。结果　胸部摄片受检者的体表剂量最低 ,为 0 .39～ 0 .5 3mGy ,比胸部透视平均体表剂量减少 88.6 6 %。结论　减少或控制透视比例 ,降低受检者群体的体表剂量 ,以减少医疗照射对人体造成的危害。     

诺迪康对心脏活动的药理学作用

目的 :探讨诺迪康对心脏活动的药理学作用。方法 :运用 ms2 0 0 0多媒体生物信号处理系统 ,经 Straub法制备离体蛙心灌流标本并检测心脏活动 ,利用血流动力学方法检测家兔的心室活动等相关指标。结果 :2 0 9mg/L 诺迪康组的心肌收缩力增强 4 0 .38% (n =2 1,P <0 .0 0 1) ,4 18mg/L 诺迪康组的心肌收缩力增强 76 .4 4 % (n =17,P <0 .0 5 ) ,6 2 7mg/L 诺迪康组的心肌收缩力增强 10 4 .95 % (n =2 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,对照组的心肌收缩力无明显变化 (n =2 5 ,P >0 .5 ) ;三个实验组及对照组对离体蛙心率均无作用 ,P >0 .0 5 ;家兔血流动力学方面 ,诺迪康组的 dp/dtmax增加了 2 1.0 8% (n =10 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,其他各指标在对照组及诺迪康组均未见显著变化。结论 :诺迪康能增强心肌收缩力且有明显的剂量效应关系 ,可加速心肌的收缩速度但对心肌舒张无明显影响     

癫痫持续状态大鼠的蓝斑组织化学与图像分析研究

作者用马桑内酯致大鼠癫痫持续状态,取蓝斑用荧光组织化学方法显示去甲肾上腺素(NA),并用显微摄影自动曝光时间和图像分析两种方法测定荧光强度。结果:均显示大脑皮质包埋马桑内酯微粒的大鼠癫痫持续发作6小时后,蓝斑中NA荧光增强。用单胺氧化酶组化和图像分析法观察到该处酶活性增强。观察到在癫痫持续状态时NA起了一定的调控作用。     

使用手性冠醚的高效毛细管电泳法研究伯胺类药物的手性分离

目的　采用HPCE法拆分伯胺类药物对映异构体。方法　缓冲液 2 0mmol/LTris 0 .1%H3 PO4(v/v)(pH 2 .0 6 ) +18 冠 6 四甲酸 (18C6H4) ;检测波长 2 10nm。结果　 8种伯胺类药物得以拆分。结论　缓冲液中添加手性冠醚的HPCE法能较好地拆分伯胺类药物。     

短效催眠药唑吡坦和三唑仑对人体前庭功能的影响

目的 :探讨两种短效催眠药唑吡坦和三唑仑对人体前庭功能的影响 ,为在应急条件下对飞行员服用该药提供试验依据。方法 :8名受试者 ,采用三阶段交叉双盲给药设计方法 ,分别交叉服用三唑仑 (0 .2 5mg)、唑吡坦 (10mg)、安慰剂 ,每次间隔 1周 ,在服药前 1h及服药后1、2、3、4、6、8、10h分别进行一组前庭功能测试 ,包括视动性眼震 (OKN)、前庭眼动反射 (VOR)、前庭眼动反射固视抑制 (VOR -Fix)、视前庭眼动反射 (VVOR)。结果 :与安慰剂组比较 ,服用唑吡坦和三唑仑后均能显著降低VOR、OKN、SPT增益 ,在服药 2h后降到最低〔VOR :(0 .5 1± 0 .0 4 ) ,(0 .5 2± 0 .0 5 )vs (0 .6 7± 0 .13) ;OKN :(0 .32± 0 .0 2 ) ,(0 .6 2± 0 .0 6 )vs (0 .82± 0 .0 7) ;SPT :(0 .71± 0 .14 ) ,(0 .6 6± 0 .0 6 )vs (0 .93± 0 .0 3)〕。其中唑吡坦对OKN增益的降低要强于三唑仑 ,但这种影响持续时间不长 ,在服药 6h后即消失。两种短效催眠药对VVOR增益、SPT相位及VOR -Fix均无明显影响。结论 :唑吡坦及三唑仑对人体前庭功能具有一定的影响 ,但这种影响持续时间较短 ,对人体的空间定向及平衡能力无残留后遗效应     

槲皮素磷酸酯钾对实验性心肌梗塞的影响

iv10～20mg/kg(木解)皮素磷酸酯钾使兔急性心肌梗塞范围明显缩小,ST段明显降低,并能对抗冠脉结扎后引起的血清CPK含量增加及心律失常,这些作用与普萘洛尔相似。但iv40mg/kg后作用不明显。     

Doppler examination and cerebral arterial stricture in patients with ischemic stroke

With the development of interventional therapy, it is necessary for evaluating cerebral vessels to instruct treatment and determine prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke; however, correlation of distribution of infarction focus and clinical symptoms with degrees of cerebrovasoular stricture is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics of cerebral arterial stricture of patients with ischemic stroke with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and color duplex flow imaging (CDFI) and compare the correlation between distribution of cerebral infarction focus and clinical types with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).DESIGN: Contrast observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University from January to December 2005, including 106 males and 53 females aged from 27 to 88 years. Bases on diagnostic criteria of cerebrovascular disease established by Rao et al, clinical manifestations of all patients were evaluated with CT or nuclear magnetic resonance. All patients provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: The accepted patients received TCD and CDFI examination at 1 week after onset of ischemic stroke. Among them, 112 patients received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. MRI was used to check cerebral infarction focus and cerebrovascular stricture ＞ 50% was regarded as the accepted vessels. In addition, DWI-T2 TCD (Germany) was used to check middle cerebral artery, and degrees of middle cerebral artery were classified into mild, moderate and severe stricture based on blood velocity (140 cm/s,180 cm/s). Stroke was classified based on characteristics of infarction focus and clinical symptoms showed with MRI and correlation with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture was analyzed simultaneously.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between the characteristics of ischemic stroke and clinical symptoms checked with TCD and CDFI.RESULTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were involved in the final analysis; in addition, 112 oases received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. ① MRI results of 159 patients with cerebral artery occlusive disease (CAOD): There were 131 patients (82.3%) with cerebral infarction, 40 (25.2%)with transient ischemic attack and 4 (2.5%) with subclavian steal syndrome (SSS). ② Infarction types with MRI examination: There were 33 patients (20.8%) with solitary cerebral infarction and 98 (61.6%) with multiple-cerebral infarction. ③ Results of TCD, CDFI, MRI angiography, CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA): Among 112 patients, 181 lesion sites (61 .8%) were located in cranium and 112 lesion sites were located out of cranium; especially, lesion site was mostly observed in stem of middle cerebral artery (31.2%) and watershed of basilar artery (7.2%) in cranium and the beginning site of internal carotid artery (21 .4%) out of cranium. ④ Correlation of vascular stricture checking with TCD, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, MRI and clinical diagnosis demonstrated that 68 patients had a watershed infarction; meanwhile,TCD examination indicated that there were 3 patients with mild vascular stricture, 24 with moderate vascular stricture and 36 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among 68 patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 27 patient with mild vascular stricture, 26 with moderate vascular stricture and 15 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences (x2 =26.854, P =0.001 ). Clinical diagnosis indicated that 40 patients had transient ischemic attack and TCD examination demonstrated that there were 8 patient with mild vascular stricture, 12 with moderate vascular stricture and 20 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences as compared with 68 patients with watershed infarction (x2 =21.258, P =0.001). ⑤Correlation of vascular stricture checking with CDFI, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, among patients who were determined as watershed infarction with MRI and clinical diagnosis, CDFI examination indicated that there were 32 patients with mild vascular stricture at neck, 25 with moderate vascular stricture and 6 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 48 patient with mild vascular stricture, 18 with moderate vascular stricture and 2 with severe vascular stricture.There were significant differences (x2 =6.018, P =0.019). Among patients with transient ischemic attack checking with clinical diagnosis, there were 23 patient with mild vascular stricture, 9 with moderate vascular stricture and 8 with severe vascular stricture. There were no significant differences as compared with patients with non-watershed infarction (x2 =0.597, P=0.440).CONCLUSION: ① TCD and CDFI are effective marks to determine cerebral arterial stricture and hemodynamical changes. ② Infarction and transient ischemic attack at watershed are generally clinical phenotypes of CAOD patients and infarction at watershed is correlated with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture.③ TCD, MRI and clinical analysis of stroke types are significant for instructing treatment and evaluate prognosis.     

胃管作尿道支撑引流管在尿道下裂中的应用

目的 评价单纯用胃管兼作尿道支撑管和引流管在尿道下裂尿道成形术中的作用。方法 回顾性分析新华医院1997年12月～2004年12月间收治的先天性尿道下裂患者，在做尿道成形手术中单纯应用胃管作尿道支撑引流管1176例，年龄6个月-20岁。未进行膀胱造瘘等尿液改道引流方法。结果 术后因发生尿瘘而需再次尿道成形术的113例（9．6％），尿道狭窄需再次手术成形的8例（0．7％），尿道裂开需尿道再成形的5例（0．4％）。结论 在尿道下裂尿道成形术中单纯用胃管兼作尿道支撑管和引流管引流尿液是充分有效的，无须另行尿流改道。