The effects of gradually induced backward movement of the mandible by a Twin Inclined Plane Device in rats

Abstract Objective: To develop a model of gradually induced backward movement of the mandible under normal masticatory action and to examine morphological changes in the mandible and condylar cartilage in rats. Materials and Methods: The newly developed Twin Inclined Plane Device (TIPD) was composed of upper and lower posterior metal crowns with a long inclined plane on both sides separately and was applied in experimental groups of 6-week-old male Wister rats. After 3, 14, 30, and 60?days, the rats were euthanatized and samples were collected. Various measurements and hematoxylin-and-eosin stains were performed. Results: From day 30 on, the length of the condylar process was shorter in the TIPD groups than in the control groups (P < .05). The angulation of the condylar process axis to the mandibular plane was greater in the TIPD groups (P < .01). The thickness of the condylar cartilage in the posterior part of the posterior region was thinner in the TIPD groups (P < .05) on day 30 and even thinner (P < .01) on day 60; from day 30 on, the thickness in the anterior part of the posterior region was thicker in the TIPD groups (P < .01). Conclusion: TIPD can successfully induce backward movement of the mandible under normal masticatory action. TIPD can cause region-specific changes in condylar cartilage and leads to a continuous remodeling.     

Sodium alginate/collagen composite multiscale porous scaffolds containing poly(ε-caprolactone) microspheres fabricated based on additive manufacturing technology

Biocompatible porous scaffolds with adjustable pore structures, appropriate mechanical properties and drug loading properties are important components of bone tissue engineering. In this work, biocompatible sodium alginate (SA)/collagen (Col) multiscale porous scaffolds containing poly(ε-caprolactone) microspheres (Ms-PCL) have been facilely fabricated based on 3D extrusion printing of the pre-crosslinked composite hydrogels. The prepared composite hydrogels can be 3D extrusion printed into porous scaffolds with different designed shapes and adjustable pore structures. The hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles have been added into the SA/Col hydrogels to achieve stress dispersion and form double crosslinking networks. SA-Ca²⁺ crosslinking networks and Col–genipin (GP) crosslinking networks have been constructed to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffolds (about 2557 kPa of compressive stress at 70% strain), and reduce the swelling rate and degradation rate of SA/Col scaffolds. Moreover, the SA/Col hydrogels contain hydrophobic antibacterial drug enrofloxacin loaded Ms-PCL, and in vitro drug release research shows a sustained-release function of porous scaffolds, indicating the potential application of SA/Col porous scaffolds as drug carriers. In addition, the antibacterial experiments show that the composite scaffolds display a distinguished and long-term antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) are seeded on the SA/Col composite scaffolds, and an in vitro biocompatibility experiment shows that the mBMSCs can adhere well on the composite scaffolds, which indicate that the fabricated composite scaffolds are biocompatible. In short, all of the above results suggest that the biocompatible SA/Col composite porous scaffolds have enormous application and potential in bone tissue engineering.

Biocompatible porous scaffolds with adjustable pore structures, appropriate mechanical properties and drug loading properties are important components of bone tissue engineering.     

自制中药包加压理疗裤在预防和控制腹腔镜疝修补后并发症的临床研究

目的分析自制中药包加压理疗裤在腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后并发症的防治效果。 方法收集2019年8月至2021年8月山西省中医药研究院普外科收治的腹股沟疝患者128例,按照随机数字表法,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组患者64例。2组患者均接受腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术。对照组术后于腹股沟区沙袋加压并穿戴传统疝气带。试验组术后穿戴我科自制中药包加压理疗裤。对比2组临床指标及并发症发生情况。 结果试验组术后疼痛视觉模拟评分较对照组低,住院时间较对照组短,PZB服务质量量表评分较对照组高（P<0.05）。术后24 h及7 d,试验组血肿及血清肿发生率、阴囊肿胀及阴囊血肿发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。术后30 d,2组血肿及血清肿发生率、阴囊肿胀及阴囊血肿发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论腹腔镜腹股沟修补术后穿戴中药包加压理疗裤可减轻疼痛程度,降低血肿、血清肿及阴囊肿胀等术后并发症发生率,缩短住院时间,提高干预满意度。     

Modified stool color card with digital images was efficient and feasible for early detection of biliary atresia—a pilot study in Beijing,China

Background

The aim of this pilot study in Beijing, China, was to validate a screening system for early detection of biliary atresia (BA) by using a modified version of the stool color card (SCC).

Methods

From 2013 to 2014, a total of 29 799 live born infants were screened. SCC was distributed in maternal facilities. Guardians were asked to check their infants’ stool colors daily using SCC up until four months after birth. The screening results among 92.5% of participants were reported. Cases deemed as high risk were referred to a surgical department immediately.

Results

Based on the results reported by the guardians, 24 infants showed pale-pigmented stools, of which two males without obvious signs of jaundice were diagnosed with BA at 52 and 55 days of age, respectively. The sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 99.9%. Four infants were confirmed as having other diseases. Two female patients failed to be screened by the SCC because they had severe jaundice and were referred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit after birth. They were diagnosed as BA at 14 and 17 days after birth, respectively. The overall prevalence of BA in this study was 1.3 in 10 000 live births.

Conclusion

The modified SCC was effective and feasible for early detection of BA, especially for patients with no apparent jaundice.

     

北京市城乡老年人慢性病状况及相关因素分析

目的 了解北京市城乡老年人慢性病患病状况,分析其影响因素,关注老年人躯体健康,加强慢性病防控.方法 抽样调查北京城乡60岁及以上老年人群2168例,内容包括老年人的一般情况、慢性病史、家庭、经济、职业、卫生习惯等,进行评估和分析.结果 老年人慢性病患病率高达74.2％,同时合并2种及以上慢性病者达43.5％.患病率城市高于农村,女性高于男性,随增龄有先上升再下降趋势.高血压位于慢性疾病之首,脑血管病、冠心病以及耳聋和骨关节疾病均为老年人常见慢性病.老年人躯体健康状况受性别、年龄、居住地区、文化程度、职业性质、睡眠与活动锻炼时间、收入水平等多种因素的影响.结论 北京城乡老年人慢性病患病率高,多系统疾病并存率高.需加强慢性病防控健康宣教,增强社会支持,改善社区卫生服务建设.     

老年人生活自理能力与健康自评的相关性研究

目的了解北京市老年人生活自理能力状况及其与健康自评之间的相关关系。方法采取分层整群抽样方法,抽取来自北京市城区和农村的2 411名60岁及以上的老年人进行问卷调查。问卷包括人口学资料、家庭与经济状况、卫生行为、躯体健康及生活活动能力等多个维度的内容。结果在接受健康自评调查的2 335名老年人中,分别有6.38%和40.21%的人认为自己的健康状况为"很好"或"好",17.26%和2.01%的老年人认为自己的健康状况为"差"或"很差"。农村老年人在日常活动中的非完全自理比例均明显高于城区老年人。女性老年人"洗澡"、"自己乘车"、"上街购物"、"走半里路"、"剪脚趾甲"和"上下一层楼"等项目的非完全自理比例明显高于男性老年人。Logistic回归分析结果显示老年人的生活自理能力与健康状态之间存在明显的相关关系,生活非完全自理的老年人的健康自评结果明显较自理老年人差。在各因素中,进食(OR=7.51,95%CI:3.55~15.89)和室内活动(OR=7.36,95%CI:4.29~12.64)是与健康自评有关的、主要的、独立的影响因素。结论生活自理能力是老年人的自评健康状态的重要影响因素。     

Metabolism studies on hydroxygenkwanin and genkwanin in human liver microsomes by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS

Hydroxygenkwanin (HYGN) and genkwanin (GN) are major constituents of Genkwa Flos for the treatment of edema, ascites, cough, asthma and cancer. This is a report about the investigation of the metabolic fate of HYGN and GN in human liver microsomes and the recombinant UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). An on-line data acquisition method multiple mass defect filter (MMDF) combined with dynamic background subtraction (DBS) was developed to trace all probable metabolites. Based on this analytical strategy, three phase I metabolites and seven glucuronide conjugation metabolites of HYGN, seven phase I metabolites and 12 glucuronide conjugation metabolites of GN were identified in the incubation samples of human liver microsomes. The results indicated that demethylation, hydroxylation and o-glucuronidation were main metabolic pathways of HYGN and GN. The specific UGT enzymes responsible for HYGN and GN glucuronidation metabolites were identified using recombinant UGT enzymes. The results indicated that UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A9, UGT1A10 and UGT2B7 might play major roles in the glucuronidation reactions. Overall, this study may be useful for the investigation of metabolic mechanism of HYGN and GN, and it can provide reference and evidence for further experiments.     

腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除术围手术期并发症分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除术围手术期并发症发生情况。方法统计本院2016年12月至2018年12月104例膀胱癌患者行腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术(LRC)围手术期的并发症以及手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间等情况。围手术期并发症定义为手术30 d内发生的并发症。结果平均手术时间327 min,平均出血量478 mL,接受输血者16例(15.4%),平均输血量415 mL。术后平均住院时间17.9 d。尿流改道方式上,Bricker回肠膀胱术68例,输尿管皮肤造口术36例。围手术期并发症发生率47.1%(49例),包括肠梗阻、尿路感染、肺炎、下肢静脉血栓、肺栓塞等。结论腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除术仍有较高的并发症发生率,常见并发症为肠梗阻,尿路感染等,术前应积极治疗基础疾病,术中严格操作,术后采取相应预防措施以防止出现严重并发症。并根据患者情况选择合适的手术方案。     

Peritoneal transport rate,systemic inflammation,and residual renal function determine peritoneal protein clearance in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Background

Peritoneal protein clearance (Pcl) is related to the mortality of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) as well as technique failure. In this prospective observational study, we aimed to investigate factors associated with the level of Pcl.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 344 prevalent CAPD patients. A standard peritoneal equilibrium test was conducted for each patient. Baseline demographics, biochemistry, and Pcl were recorded.

Results

The average Pcl of the patients was 97.40 ± 54.14 mL/day. Peritoneal transport level, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and residual glomerular filtration rate (rGFR) were independently related to Pcl. The standard β values were 0.53, 0.17, and ?0.10, respectively. Moreover, compared with non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients had a non-significantly higher level of Pcl (104.90 ± 48.65 vs. 96.15 ± 54.97 mL/day; P = 0.06).

Conclusion

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients lose a high amount of protein through the peritoneum each day. The Pcl value is positively related to the level of peritoneal transport and hsCRP and negatively related to the rGFR.