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101.
OBJECTIVE--To describe the characteristics of wheeze and its relation with doctor diagnosed asthma in children aged 5 years and under. DESIGN--Questionnaire survey of population based random sample of children registered on Leicestershire Health Authority's child health index for immunisation; questionnaire completed by parents. SUBJECTS--1650 white children born in 1985 to 1989 who were surveyed in 1990. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Age distribution, severity, precipitants, seasonal characteristics, and diurnal variation of wheeze, family history of asthma/atopy, and their association(s) with doctor diagnosed asthma. RESULTS--There were 1422 replies (86.2%). Two hundred and twenty two (15.6%) were reported to have wheezed and of these 121 (8.6%) had formally been diagnosed as having asthma. More than 80% of the former had recurrences of wheeze and 40% (72) had three or more episodes in the preceding 12 months. Age, number of episodes per year, the severity of shortness of breath with attacks, and precipitants other than colds were the major factors determining the probability that a wheezy child will be diagnosed as having asthma. The data also suggest that despite the strong association of symptom based criteria with the label asthma, asthma was not diagnosed by these same severity criteria in one quarter of cases. CONCLUSIONS--Clinical and physiological follow up studies of children identified as asthmatic by the above criteria during the preschool years should validate or refute the predictive value of these measures of wheeze severity. 相似文献
102.
Background
The hypercoagulable state results from a complex interplay of blood coagulation factors, coagulation-inhibitory factors, platelets and the vascular endothelium. Imbalance of the complex interplay between these factors results in thrombosis often complicated by embolism. The causes of thrombosis are varied and maybe congenital or acquired. The current interest is centered on the congenital deficiency of coagulation inhibitors as there is an increasing awareness of their involvement in thrombosis, especially in the young.Methods
A total of 42 patients with thrombosis were studied. The most common clinical presentation was deep vein thrombosis. All the cases were evaluated for coagulation inhibitors Antithrombin, resistance to activated protein C, Protein C and Protein S using standard assay kits.Results
Resistance to activated protein C (n=10) was seen to be the commonest cause of thrombophilia. This was followed by deficiency of Antithrombin (n-4), Protein C (n=3) and Protein S (n=2). Majority of our cases were in the third decade of life.Conclusion
The identification of the underlying aetiology is important for instituting specific therapy and patient management.Key Words: Thrombophilia, Coagulation inhibitors 相似文献103.
DK Mishra A Chaturvedi A Sharma H Subramanya Harsh Kumar R Varadarajulu KP Anand 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2004,60(4):337-341
Background
Bleeding disorders are commonly seen in clinical practice. von Willebrand Disease (vWD), is the commonest and yet a profoundly under diagnosed cause, having a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. Of its three types, type 1 vWD (70% of the total vWD cases) has the mildest and a highly variable clinical and laboratory presentation.Methods
A series of ten cases of vWD were comprehensively evaluated using recommended diagnostic parameters and therapeutic interventions.Results
All major types of vWD were represented. A female preponderance, with primary presentation in the form of muco-cutaneous bleeds was observed. A positive history of consanguineous parental marriage and family history of bleeding disorder was elicited in two and three patients respectively. Nine patients were found to be anemic and thrombocytopenia was present in only one. Bleeding time by modified template (SIMPLATE) method, along with activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was increased in all ten cases and of these, nine had low factor VIII: C levels. Ristocetin induced platelet aggregation studies were abnormal in all the five cases it was performed. vWF:RCo activity determined in one individual was shown to be low. vWF:Ag assay was done in four cases revealing a near complete absence of von Willebrand factor antigen in one and mildly decreased levels in the other three. vWF multimer assay was advised in three cases. DDAVP, plasma derived vWF, blood products and local antifibrinolytics were used as primary modalities of treatmentConclusion
Thus, strong clinical suspicion, thorough clinical evaluation and judicious use of investigations including repeated investigations at different times are needed for making a diagnosis of vWD.Key Words: Bleeding disorders, von Willebrand Disease 相似文献104.
紫外分光光度法测定复方苯甲酸涂剂中苯甲酸和水杨酸的含量 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
目的:建立复方苯甲酸制剂中苯甲酸和水杨酸含量的检测方法,方法:采用紫外分光光度法,直接测定两组分的含量,结果:可同时测出苯甲酸和水杨酸的各自含量,且吸收度与各自浓度良好性线性关系,苯甲酸平均回收率为100.2%,RSD为0.20%,水杨酸平均回收率为100.4%,RSD为0.32%,结论;本方法简便,快速,可靠,可用于复方苯酸制剂中苯甲酸和水杨酸的含量测定。 相似文献
105.
Many long term sequelae result from previous treatment for malignancy in childhood. However, little information exists on cardiopulmonary response and energy expenditure during exercise and their possible associations with excess body fat. Measurements of body composition and exercise capacity both at low intensity and maximal aerobic capacity were made on 56 long term survivors of childhood malignancy (35 survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and 21 survivors of other malignancies) and 32 siblings acting as controls. Female survivors of ALL had significantly greater mean (SD) body fat than survivors of other malignancies and siblings (32.5 (6.4)% v 24.3 (4.4)% and 26.3 (8.5)% respectively, p < 0.005). Energy expenditure at low intensity exercise was reduced in survivors of ALL, and negatively correlated with body fat after controlling for weight (partial r range -0.21 to -0.47, p < 0.05). Stroke volume, measured indirectly, was reduced and heart rate raised in ALL survivors at sub-maximal exercise levels. Peak oxygen consumption was significantly reduced in girls and boys treated for ALL compared with siblings (30.5 v 41.3 ml/kg/min for girls, p < 0.05 and 39.9 v 47.6 ml/kg/min for boys, p < 0.05 respectively). Reduced exercise capacity may account in part for the excess adiposity observed in long term survivors of ALL. 相似文献
106.
S M GARG SKP MATWANKAR RAJVIR BHALWAR NK DEBATA VC OHRI DK SAKSENA 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》1998,54(3):188-190
A prospective study on the growth of bacteria on certain commonly used anaesthetic equipment was undertaken in a large teaching hospital with a view to assess the effectiveness of disinfection/sterilization procedures. Samples for microbiological assessment were drawn by the worker using standardised procedures and tested in the laboratory by a microbiologist, blinded to the type of sample. Criteria for growth positivity was taken as > 25 colony forming units. A total of 90 observations were taken. 30 each for ’before use’, ’after use’ and ’after disinfection’. Overall 54.6% of the equipment showed growth “before use” with maximum growth being seen in Suction catheters (66.6%) and Guedal airways (60.0%). On the other hand, the proportion of equipment showing growth “after use” was quite high (84.6%), with suction catheters and endotracheal tubes showing 90.0% growth each. There was significant difference as regards “before” and “after” use growth on Endotracheal tubes, Guedel airways and Face masks (p < 0.05). Analysis of growth “after” disinfection” revealed that the probability of growth remains as high as 70% in suction catheters (95% CI=54% to 86%) and 60% in laryngoscopes (95% CI=43% to 78%). The study revealed gross inadequacies in methods of disinfection being followed at present.KEY WORDS: Anaesthetic equipment, Disinfection 相似文献
107.
Prothrombin deficiency has been known to occur in association with lupus inhibitors for over 25 years. We studied 21 patients with lupus inhibitors and found that four of five with prothrombin deficiency and ten of 16 with quantitatively normal prothrombin had abnormal prothrombin crossed-immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) characterized by material moving slower in the first dimension of electrophoresis than normal prothrombin. In two patients with prothrombin deficiency, all prothrombin measured by quantitative assay and all slow-moving material on CIEP were removed by treatment with Staphylococcal protein A (SPA). These patients had free antibody, which bound to normal plasma prothrombin, forming larger amounts of slow-moving material on CIEP. A third patient with prothrombin deficiency had only partial removal of prothrombin after SPA treatment. Two patients with quantitatively normal prothrombin had all slow-moving material on CIEP and about one fourth of the prothrombin by quantitative assay removed by SPA treatment. There was no correlation among the strength of the inhibitor, the presence of a "cofactor effect," and the prothrombin abnormality. These data suggest that heterogeneous antiprothrombin antibodies, with or without prothrombin deficiency, are present in the majority of patients with lupus inhibitors. 相似文献
108.
身高、体质量、年龄对术中体感诱发电位监护的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 研究脊柱侧凸病人体质量、身高、年龄与术中体感诱发电位(SEP)监护的关系. 方法 以70例脊柱侧凸病人为对象,其中男性19例,女性51例;年龄4~35岁,平均年龄17.5岁;身高100~188 cm,平均159.44 cm;体质量15.5~84 kg,平均44.39 kg.分析术中皮层和下皮层SEP的潜伏期和波幅在不同手术阶段的百分比变化率与体质量、身高、年龄的相关性. 结果 数据统计结果显示,各监护阶段SEP波峰潜伏期和波幅的百分比变化率与病人的体质量、身高和年龄没有显著的相关性(相关系数| r |<0.35,P>0.05). 结论 在脊柱侧凸矫形手术术中脊髓监护过程中,病人的身高、体质量和年龄不会对SEP监护结果产生影响. 相似文献
109.
110.