一种基于多门限二进制编码的多光谱图像分类新方法

不同类型的地物具有不同的反射光谱 ,在多维光谱空间中构成不同的特征向量 ,这便是遥感多光谱图象分析与识别的物理依据。传统方法中有基于单个象元波段亮度的、空间纹理的、变换空间的多光谱图象特征提取与分析方法 ,但这些方法并没有直接描述地物的最本质特征———反射光谱曲线 ,从上个世纪 80年代开始 ,当二进制编码的方法提出并在多光谱匹配识别中获得成功应用后 ,多光谱图象分析处理便可以在这种特征提取的基础上 ,研究新的方法。本文提出一种基于光谱形状描述的多门限的二进制编码分类方法 ,并给出了图象实验的结果。     

趋化因子受体CCR5在食管上皮癌变过程中作用的初步探讨

目的　探讨 CC趋化因子受体 5 (CCR5 )是否介导食管上皮炎性病变与其癌变过程的关系。方法　用免疫组化检测 40例食管鳞状细胞癌 (SCC)、癌旁炎症、不典型增生组织及 10例正常食管黏膜的 CCR5表达情况。结果　食管 SCC的 CCR5表达阳性率高于正常黏膜、慢性炎症及不典型增生的表达率 (P<0 .0 5 )。在 CCR5表达阳性的食管 SCC中 ,癌间质的单核淋巴细胞 CCR5阳性表达率分别低于癌旁炎症的单核淋巴细胞 CCR5阳性表达率(P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 CCR5在食管癌变进程中表达呈升高趋势 ,提示食管 SCC细胞可能通过表达 CCR5受体与间质浸润的单核细胞、淋巴细胞共同竞争趋化因子配体 ,从而实现了食管 SCC发生进程的免疫逃逸现象     

Management of ischemic nephropathy: dialysis-free survival after surgical repair

PURPOSE: This retrospective review describes the surgical management of consecutive patients with severe hypertension and ischemic nephropathy due to atherosclerotic renovascular disease. METHODS: From January 1987 through December 1998, a total of 590 patients underwent operative renal artery repair at our center. A subgroup of 232 hypertensive patients (97 women, 135 men; mean age, 66 +/- 8 years) with atherosclerotic renovascular disease and preoperative serum creatinine levels of 1.8 mg/dL or more forms the basis of this report. Change in renal function was determined from glomerular filtration rates estimated from preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine. The influence of selected preoperative parameters and renal function response on time to dialysis and dialysis-free survival was determined by a proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: In all, 83 patients underwent unilateral renal artery repair and 149 patients underwent bilateral repair, including repair to a solitary kidney in 17 cases. A total of 332 renal arteries were reconstructed, and 32 nephrectomies were performed in these patients. After surgery, there were 17 deaths (7.3%) in the hospital or within 30 days of surgery. Advanced patient age (P =.001; hazard ratio, 1.1; 95% CI [1.1, 1.2]) and congestive heart failure (P =.04; hazard ratio, 2.9 CI [1.0, 8.6]) demonstrated significant and independent associations with perioperative mortality. With a change of 20% or more in EGFR being considered significant, 58% of patients had improved renal function, including 27 patients removed from dialysis dependence; function was unchanged in 35% and worsened in 7%. Follow-up death from all causes or progression to dialysis dependence demonstrated a significant and independent association with early renal function response. Both patients whose function was unchanged (P =.005; hazard ratio, 6.0; CI [2.2, 16.6]) and patients whose function was worsened (P =.03; hazard ratio, 2.2; CI [1.1, 4. 5]) remained at increased risk of death or dialysis dependence. For patients with unchanged renal function after operation, risk of death or dialysis demonstrated a significant interaction with preoperative renal function. In addition to severe preoperative renal dysfunction, diabetes mellitus demonstrated a significant and independent association with follow-up death or dialysis. CONCLUSION: Surgical correction of atherosclerotic renovascular disease can retrieve excretory renal function in selected hypertensive patients with ischemic nephropathy. Patients with improved renal function had a significant and independent increase in dialysis-free survival in comparison with patients whose function was unchanged and patients whose function was worsened after operation. These results add further evidence in support of a prospective, randomized trial designed to define the value of renal artery intervention in patients with ischemic nephropathy.     

Overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-1 intracellular domain in breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains (Tie-1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates angiogenesis and antiapoptotic survival signaling. Tie-1 expression is generally associated with endothelial cells and neovascularization. We previously identified Tie-1 in human breast tumor samples using a PCR-based screen for protein kinases expressed in breast tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the cell types expressing Tie-1, whether Tie-1 is expressed in tumor cells, and to examine the regulation of Tie-1 in breast cancer. METHODS: Tie-1 expression was analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry using an antibody to the carboxy terminus of Tie-1. Tie-1 expression was determined in a variety of cancer cell lines, clinical breast and colon tumor samples, and in corresponding benign tissue from the same patient. Tie-1 expression and distribution in breast tumors was scored by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Tie-1 was overexpressed in 14/23 breast tumors compared with 0/9 corresponding normal tissues from the same patients. Immunohistochemistry revealed that Tie-1 was overexpressed in epithelial breast cancer cells and ductal carcinoma in situ. In all breast tumor samples, Tie-1 was expressed as a truncated 40- to 43-kD doublet consisting of the intracellular portion of the protein, which contains the tyrosine kinase catalytic domain. The 40- to 43-kD Tie-1 doublet was expressed in a broad variety of cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that breast cancer cells overexpress a cleaved form of the Tie-1 protein. Our results implicate the intracellular domain of Tie-1, which includes the catalytic kinase domain, in breast cancer progression.     

99mTcN(NOEt)2与99mTc-MIBI在肿瘤模型显像中的对比研究

目的　探讨99mTc 氮 二 (N 乙基 N 乙氧基二硫代氨基甲酸盐 ) [99mTcN (NOEt) 2 ]应用于肿瘤诊断的可能性并与99mTc 甲氧基异丁基异腈(99mTc MIBI)肿瘤模型显像进行比较。方法　制备99mTcN (NOEt) 2 ,用上行薄层色谱法测定放化纯。各取 4只移植性艾氏腹水癌小鼠分别尾静脉注射99mTc MIBI或99mTcN(NOEt) 2 ,30min、2h、4h后进行全身后位静态显像。利用感兴趣区技术 ,分别计算不同时相肿瘤与头部 (T/H)、胸部 (T/C)、及健侧肢体对称部位 (T/L)的放射性比值。 4h后处死99mTcN (NOEt) 2 显像组小鼠 4只 ,取血并剥离脏器组织及肿瘤组织 ,称重 ,测量放射性计数 ,计算肿瘤与各脏器放射性比值。结果　99mTcN (NOEt) 2 室温下 4h保持稳定。99mTcN (NOEt) 2 选择性地有效的聚集于肿瘤组织。除腹部外其它组织靶 /非靶比值较高 ,注射2h后T/L比值达最高 ,为 4.87。99mTcN (NOEt) 2 显像组与99mTc MIBI显像组比较T/L比值差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。体外测量肿瘤与血、肌肉、肺等脏器的单位重量放射性比值较高 ,与肝、小肠等腹部脏器的单位重量放射性比值较低。结论　在移植性艾氏腹水癌小鼠模型中99mTcN (NOEt) 2 从血液中清除很快 ,肿瘤摄取率高 ,有一定的滞留量 ,靶与非靶比值高 ,图像质量明显优于99mTc MIBI肿瘤     

聚甲酚磺醛溶液中4种有关物质的HPLC测定

目的:建立同时测定聚甲酚磺醛溶液中4种有关物质间甲酚-4,6-二磺酸、间甲酚-4-磺酸、间甲酚-6-磺酸及双甲酚磺酸的HPLC方法。方法:采用Diamonsil TMC18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),以1％乙酸铵水溶液为流动相A,以甲醇为流动相B进行程序梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,检测波长280 nm,流速0.8 mL·min-1。结果:在选定的色谱条件下,4种有关物质均能得到较好的分离,在测定范围内具有良好的线性及精密度。结论:此方法简便、快速、准确,可用于聚甲酚磺醛溶液有关物质的测定。     

三种反义c-myc RNA的瞬时表达对血管平滑肌细胞的体外生物学效应的影响

目的 了解癌基因c-myc分子中各个区域的作用,找出最佳的反义封闭靶区,为c-myc表达增高相关疾病的基因治疗提供依据。方法 系统地构建了人类3种反义c-myc重组逆转录病毒表达载体（aM1、aM2和aM3）,分别载有c-myc第1、2和3外显子的反义片段,经脂质体转染大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞,并于转染后48 h采用流式细胞仪对细胞进行瞬时表达检测。结果 与对照组相比,aM2使c-myc表达量减少了37.6%,aM1为对照组的98.8%,而aM3却使c-myc表达增高21.7%;与此同时,aM1和aM2组增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达分别下降了36.0%和30.9%,而aM3组PCNA表达增高。DNA分析则表明3种载体均使处于G0/G1期的细胞比例略为增高（aM2>aM1>aM3）,S 期比例略下降（aM1>aM2>aM3）,但尚未有DNA合成量的明显改变。结论 反义基因的导入在瞬时表达时可影响细胞中靶蛋白及其他生长相关蛋白的表达,但对细胞周期和DNA合成的影响尚小。     

贝伐单抗治疗转移性结直肠癌研究进展

贝伐单抗(bevacizumab)是一种重组人源化抗血管内皮生长因子的单克隆抗体,可与肿瘤细胞上的血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)特异性结合,通过抑制血管生成而抑制肿瘤生长.贝伐单抗已于2004年2月获FDA批准,与5-氟尿嘧啶为基础的化疗方案联合一线治疗转移性结直肠癌.推荐剂量为5 mg/kg,每14天给药1次,静脉滴注.贝伐单抗的耐受性良好,较常见的不良反应有高血压、出血和血栓形成.     

Examples of Clinical Application of Multiple Needling in Neijing in Treating Bi Syndrome

Ling Shu (< 灵枢 >) said, "The essentials of acupuncture lie in the needling techniques."Twenty-six needling techniques recorded in it, such as the "Nine Needling Techniques", "Five Needling Techniques" and "Twelve Needling Techniques",were cried up by the acupuncture doctors in the past dynasties. The authors applied the relevant needling techniques to treat Bi syndrome in clinic and the quite good effects were got.     

人纤维蛋白胶对供皮区创面的疗效观察

目的:探讨局部应用人纤维蛋白胶(FS)对中厚供皮区创面的止血和修复作用。方法:选择30例90个中厚供皮区创面为研究对象,分FS止血组、自然止血组以及凝血酶止血组,均选择自体相应部位及相似深度创面进行对照。分别观察各组间创面的止血时间和术后创面完全愈合时间。结果:FS止血组的平均止血时间比自然止血组与凝血酶止血组分别缩短36秒和13秒(P<0.01);创面完全愈合时间,FS止血组为(12.10±2.32)天,自然止血组和凝血酶止血组分别为(19.80±3.86)天和(19.20±3.65)天,FS止血组明显提前(P<0.01)。结论:FS对中厚供皮区创面有明显的止血作用,并能促进创面提前愈合和预防创面感染。