The trend of small cell lung cancer among young men

In this report, we investigated the distribution of histologic types of lung cancer by age in Turkey. Among 1354 lung cancer cases diagnosed in Social Security Agency Okmeydani Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, we included 912 male cases with data on age, smoking status, and histopathologic type. We calculated the smoking-adjusted risk for histopathologic types by age. A majority of the cases were between 45 and 64 years of age (70.5%). The smoking-adjusted risk of squamous cell carcinoma increased with advancing age, while the risk of small cell carcinoma decreased with age. The risk of small cell carcinoma was 1.6 times higher among men younger than 45 years of age compared to older men (odds ratios (OR): 1.6, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.1-2.3). In conclusion, we found a significant decreasing trend for small cell carcinoma by increasing age, which resulted with an excess risk among men younger than age 45.     

Flexible flatfoot and related factors in primary school children: a report of a screening study

The aim of this study was to analyze the longitudinal arch morphology and related factors in primary school children. Five hundred and seventy-nine primary school children were enrolled in the study. Generalized joint laxity, foot progression angle, frontal hindfoot alignment, and longitudinal arch height in dynamic position were evaluated. The footprints were recorded by Harris and Beath footprint mat and arch index of Staheli was calculated. The mean age was 9.23 ± 1.66 years. Four hundred and fifty-six children (82.8%) were evaluated as normal and mild flexible flatfoot, and 95 children (17.2%) were evaluated as moderate and severe flexible flatfoot. The mean arch indices of the feet was 0.74 ± 0.25. The percentage of flexible flatfoot in hypermobile and non-hypermobile children was found 27.6 and 13.4%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in dynamic arch evaluation between hypermobile and non-hypermobile children. There was a significant negative correlation between arch index and age, and a significant negative correlation between hypermobility score and age. Our study confirms that the flexible flatfoot and the hypermobility are developmental profiles.