硫化氢在动脉粥样硬化病变中的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化病变是导致心血管疾病发生率和死亡率居高不下的重要原因,对人们的生命健康安全产生严重危害。新近研究表明硫化氢作为气体信号分子在动脉粥样硬化病变中具有重要生理功能,其缺乏可能会导致动脉粥样硬化病变的早期发展。这篇综述从机体生物脂代谢异常、硫化氢与抗凝血关系、内皮细胞的增殖或迁移受到抑制等方面介绍了硫化氢在动脉粥样硬化发展中起到的保护作用,以及硫化氢可以改变动脉粥样硬化代谢的特征。本文也对今后进一步的工作提出了一定的设想与展望。     

Lung adenocarcinoma and sequential antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a case report

The relationship between antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and lung cancer remains unclear. A 66-year-old man presented with pulmonary nodules. Histological examination of a specimen from computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated using cryoablation and systemic chemotherapy. Sixteen months later, the patient presented with fever, nasal inflammation, recurrent lung lesions, elevated serum creatinine levels, and high levels of ANCA. Histological examination of a specimen from ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy revealed pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis. The patient responded to treatment, but granulomatosis with polyangiitis recurred and he later died. This case highlights the possibility of sequential AAV with lung cancer. Although this is relatively rare, further research is needed to better understand the association or pathophysiological link between lung cancer and AAV.     

Identification of potential plasma biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by a proteomic method

Among malignant tumors, the mortality rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ranks sixth in the world. Late-stage diagnosis of ESCC increases the mortality. Therefore, more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis of ESCC are necessary. Unfortunately, appropriate biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis have not been identified yet. However, recent progresses in quantitative proteomics have offered opportunities to identify plasma proteins as biomarkers for ESCC. In the present study, plasma samples were analyzed by differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS). A total of 31 proteins representing 12 unique gene products were identified, in which 16 proteins were up-regulated and 15 down-regulated in tumors. The up-regulated proteins were alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG), zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, complement factor I and complement C4-B, whereas the down-regulated proteins were serum albumin, Ig alpha-2 chain C region, alpha-1-antitrypsin, fibrinogen gamma chain, haptoglobin and hemoglobin subunit alpha. Among all the differentially expressed proteins, AHSG and LRG were validated by ELISA. The results were consistent with the data from the proteomics results, further suggesting that AHSG and LRG may be employed as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ESCC. In summary, this study was the first time to use DIGE combined MALDI-TOF/TOF platform to identify the potential plasma biomarkers for ESCC. The plasma AHSG and LRG showed great potential for ESCC screening.     

BRCA1蛋白在胰腺癌组织中的分布和表达

目的:研究肿瘤抑制基因BRCAl对胰腺癌的作用和其蛋白在胰腺癌组织中的分布和肿瘤发生中的蛋白特性.方法:以乳腺癌的细胞株作为阳性对照组,对胰腺癌组织中的BRCAl亚细胞分布做了免疫荧光双重染色,免疫组织化学等实验并进行量化.结果:BRCAl蛋白在胰腺癌的组织中呈一定比例分布,这点在不同的胰腺癌患者组织标本中得到证实.免疫荧光双重染色法证实BRCAl蛋白在胰腺癌细胞胞质和胞核间互动,这是国内首次发现和报道BRCAl在胰腺癌组织细胞中胞质和胞核间互动现象和其亚细胞分布情况.结论:我们的多病例研究结果都证实BRCAl的胞质胞核有比例明确分布,提示可能是参与胰腺癌组织中蛋白功能调节机制,并可能具有与胰腺癌发生相关的蛋白特性,在胰腺癌细胞其亚细胞分布现象预示着将有更好的胰腺癌临床治疗的生物靶点.     

老年自身免疫性肝炎患者的临床特征及自身抗体水平

目的探讨老年自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者的临床特征及自身抗体水平。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2018年1月期间首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院肝病免疫科收治的112例AIH患者的临床资料,按年龄分为老年组(≥60岁,33例)和中青年组(60岁,79例)。统计分析2组患者临床资料、生化指标和自身抗体指标。采用SPSS 16.0软件进行数据处理,根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用t检验、Mann-Whitney检验或χ~2检验。结果老年组患者乏力(54.5%vs78.5%)和恶心呕吐(18.2%vs 39.2%)症状患者显著少于中青年组,肝硬化(36.4%vs 17.7%)及合并肝外自身免疫病(33.3%vs 16.5%)患者显著多于中青年组,老年患者血小板计数[(155.2±76.1)×109/L vs (186.2±77.2)×109/L]显著低于中青年组,血尿素氮[(5.1±1.6) vs (4.4±1.3)mmol/L]及血肌酐[(62.1±16.2) vs (57.5±15.1)μmol/L]浓度显著高于中青年组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。老年组抗核抗体阳性率高于中青年组(87.9%vs 79.7%),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论老年组AIH患者合并肝硬化、肝外免疫病的比例高,肾功能降低,年龄相关的免疫功能紊乱可能影响患者的临床表现。     

Clinical effects of autologous stem cell transplantation as consolidation treatment in 70 multiple myeloma patients: a case-controlled study

Background  Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a part of the standard induction therapy of multiple myeloma (MM). This case-controlled clinical trial aimed to further evaluate the therapeutic effects of ASCT as a consolidation therapy for MM and discuss factors influencing the prognosis.

Methods  Clinical data of 70 patients diagnosed as MM who received ASCT as a consolidation therapy in our hospital between October 1998 and August 2010 were analyzed retrospectively (ASCT group). Other 70 MM patients receiving routine chemotherapy without ASCT (non-ASCT group) during the same period were used as controls. Differences in the degree and duration of remission, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared to explore factors that may influence the prognosis.

Results  The median follow-up period was 38 months (range 1–128 months). The complete response (CR) rate of ASCT group increased from 27.1% (19/70) before ASCT to 51.4% (36/70) after ASCT. The median PFS of ASCT group was significantly higher than non-ASCT group (45 months vs. 25 months, P <0.001). The median OS of ASCT group was also significantly higher (55 months vs. 30 months, P=0.016). Single-factor analysis showed that International Staging System (ISS) stage, very good partial response (VGPR) or better outcome were significantly correlated with PFS and OS (P <0.001). Multi-factor analysis showed that whether or not VGPR or better outcome was achieved were independent factors influencing the disease prognosis.

Conclusion  Used as a consolidation therapy, ASCT can achieve better responses and higher OS and PFS of MM patients.

     

Combined medialis pedis and medial plantar fasciocutaneous flaps based on the medial plantar pedicle for reconstruction of complex soft tissue defects in the hand

The reconstruction of complex soft tissue defects in hands remains a difficult challenge in reconstructive surgery. In this report, we introduce a combined medialis pedis and medial plantar fasciocutaneous flaps supplied by the lateral and medial branches of the medial plantar artery, which allows a one-stage reconstruction of multiple soft tissue defects in hand. Three combined medialis pedis and medial plantar fasciocutaneous flaps were transferred for repair of the soft tissue defects including palmar and dorsal areas of hand, thumb pulp, and the dorsum of index finger in three patients. All three flaps survived uneventfully with coverage matching the texture and color of the recipients. The donor sites healed without complication. The experience from these cases proves that the combined medialis pedis and medial plantar fasciocutaneous flaps based on the medial plantar pedicle would be a valuable alternative for the reconstruction of complex soft tissue defects in the hand.     

Evaluation of hepatitis B viral replication and proteomic analysis of HepG2.2.15 cell line after knockdown of HBx

BACKGROUND:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major pathogens of human liver disease.Studies have shown that HBV X protein (HBx) plays an important role in promoting viral gene expression and replication.In this study we performed a global proteomic profiling to identify the downstream functional proteins of HBx,thereby detecting the mechanisms of action of HBx on virion replication.METHODS:HBx in the HepG2.2.15 cell line was knocked down by the transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA).The replicati...