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991.
R W Hobson B C Lee T G Lynch K Jain R Yeager Z Jamil F T Padberg 《Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics》1984,159(3):284-286
Application of intermittent compression of the calf is described as an adjunct to maintain patency of femoral venous reconstruction following trauma. Its use in instances of femoral and popliteal venous reconstructions is recommended. 相似文献
992.
Desmopressin diacetate arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic analogue of the mammalian arginine vasopressin used in the treatment of central diabetes insipidus, bleeding disorders, and incontinence. The primary adverse reaction associated with DDAVP is hypotonic hyponatremia. Hyponatremia has been reported in adults treated with DDAVP for Von Willebrand's disease and hemophilia and in children treated for enuresis, but as yet few cases of hyponatremia developing in enuretic adults treated with DDAVP have been reported. We report the cases of two elderly women taking DDAVP for nocturnal polyuria who developed severe hyponatremia. One patient died in the hospital. 相似文献
993.
Altstadt TJ Azzarelli B Bevering C Edmondson J Nelson PB 《Neurosurgery》2002,50(6):1356-9; discussion 1360
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: We describe a patient with acromegaly and pituitary hyperplasia secondary to a growth hormone-releasing hormone-secreting gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor. This case report illustrates the importance of including this rare clinical syndrome in the differential diagnosis of acromegaly for patients with suspected or known neuroendocrine tumors. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 19-year-old, Asian-American, male patient with a 2-year history of a nonresectable, metastatic, intestinal carcinoid tumor presented with complaints of headaches, arthralgias, sweats, and changing features. The examination revealed a young subject with acromegalic features, without visual field deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a diffuse sellar mass that extended suprasellarly to compress the optic chiasm. Endocrinological studies demonstrated a growth hormone level of more than 100 ng/ml and an inappropriately elevated growth hormone-releasing hormone level. INTERVENTION: The patient underwent transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary mass for diagnostic and decompressive purposes. The pathological examination revealed pituitary hyperplasia, without evidence of an adenoma. Therapy with long-acting repeatable octreotide (Sandostatin LAR; Novartis AG, Basel, Switzerland) was initiated postoperatively, to further control the acromegaly and carcinoid tumor. The soft-tissue swelling resolved, and the patient remained free of headaches, arthralgias, and sweats at the 6-month follow-up examination. CONCLUSION: Ectopic acromegaly is a rare syndrome that must be recognized by neurosurgeons because its treatment differs from that of classic pituitary acromegaly. We describe a patient for whom this syndrome was documented with magnetic resonance imaging, endocrinological testing, and pathological examinations. 相似文献
994.
995.
Troilius C 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》2002,26(6):520-520; author reply 522
996.
The association between ankle equinus and common foot pathologies such as Achilles tendinitis, metatarsalgia, Morton's neuroma, hallux abductovalgus, and plantar fasciitis has been described. However, the association between ankle equinus and diabetic foot pathology has only been recognized recently. Over half of the non-traumatic amputations occurring in the United States are related to complications of diabetes. It is imperative that risk factors for lower extremity ulceration and amputation are identified and addressed. This article reviews the effect of ankle equinus deformity on the diabetic foot and the available treatment options. New data on the prevalence of equinus in a population of patients with diabetes are also presented. 相似文献
997.
998.
Unresolved issues of ethical, methodological, and legal concerns in the use of normal healthy volunteers persist. Financial incentives in their recruitment offer a unique ethical dilemma because of questions surrounding payment. A review of literature was conducted to obtain research systematically examining volunteer motivation and the role offinancial incentives. The primary selection criterion was motivation and payment to volunteers; seven studies met the criterion for review. Studies that have systematically investigated volunteer motivation have found financial rewards to be an important motivator among normal healthy volunteers in their decision to participate in clinical trials. Also evident is that differences based on demographic characteristics exist in the motivation and rates of volunteerism. Ethical issues surrounding the use of normal healthy volunteers are discussed, with attention to the issue offinancial incentives (e.g., economically vulnerable volunteers, undue inducements). Regulations, guidelines, and recommendations are discussed with regard to volunteers and financial incentives. 相似文献
999.
Cozzi A Meli E Carlà V Pellicciari R Moroni F Pellegrini-Giampietro DE 《Neuropharmacology》2002,43(2):119-130
Selective antagonists of mGlu1 metabotropic glutamate receptors attenuate neuronal death in models of cerebral ischemia. Because GABAergic mechanisms have recently been proposed to contribute to these neuroprotective effects, we examined the effects of selective mGlu1 antagonists characterized in our laboratory on GABAergic transmission in three different models of neuropathology. In rat organotypic hippocampal slices exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation, the mGlu1 antagonists AIDA, CBPG and 3-MATIDA reduced CA1 pyramidal cell loss when added to the medium during the insult and the subsequent recovery period. This effect was mimicked by the GABA(A) and GABA(B) agonists muscimol and baclofen and partially prevented by the antagonists bicuculline and CGP 55845. In gerbils subjected to global ischemia, protection of CA1 pyramidal cells by transdialytic perfusion of AIDA and CBPG was associated with a significant increase in the basal and ischemic output of GABA and minor changes in the output of glutamate. In a mouse cortical wedge model, both muscimol and 3-MATIDA reduced the frequency of spontaneous bursts induced by 4-aminopyridine and this reduction was prevented by co-perfusion with bicuculline. Taken together, our results suggest that the release of GABA, and the subsequent activation of GABA receptors, may contribute to the attenuation of post-ischemic neuronal damage and epileptiform activity induced by mGlu1 receptor antagonists. 相似文献
1000.
Abstract
Rationale. The discriminative stimulus effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists have been assessed in laboratory animals. To date, no published study has assessed their ability
to alter methamphetamine-related discriminative stimulus effects in humans.
Objective. This study investigated the discriminative stimulus, subjective (e.g. "Good Drug Effect"), psychomotor performance, and cardiovascular
effects (e.g. blood pressure) of oral methamphetamine following acute oral memantine (a non-competitive NMDA antagonist) in
humans.
Methods. Initially, participants were trained to discriminate 10 mg methamphetamine from placebo using a standard two-response procedure
(drug versus placebo). Then, the effects of memantine (0, 40 mg) on methamphetamine discrimination were examined across several
methamphetamine doses (0, 5, 10, 20 mg) using a novel-response procedure (drug versus placebo versus novel).
Results. Following placebo pretreatment, 10 mg methamphetamine produced 99% methamphetamine-appropriate responding and placebo produced
75% placebo-appropriate responding. Following memantine pretreatment, participants responded as if they had been given a novel
compound, although memantine did not significantly alter most subjective-effects ratings following methamphetamine. Memantine
alone produced "positive" subjective effects and novel drug-appropriate responding.
Conclusion. These data indicate that the memantine-methamphetamine combination produced novel discriminative stimulus effects and that
memantine produced some stimulant-like subjective effects.
Electronic Publication 相似文献