罗格列酮单用或者与阿伐他汀联合使用对于2型糖尿病患者心血管疾病的非传统标志物的作用

背景和目的:罗格列酮与阿伐他汀联合疗法已经被证实对于2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制以及脂质水平都有益处。本试验将通过检测罗格列酮与阿伐他汀联合疗法对于2型糖尿病患者的生物标记水平的作用来研究该联合疗法对血管炎的作用。方法:30例患有2型糖尿病和高脂血症的患者被纳入治疗。对这些患者给予罗格列酮单一疗法4mg/d,持续3个月,然后在接下来的3个月中给予这些患者阿伐他汀10mg/d作为联合疗法。在研究开始时,罗格列酮单一疗法之后以及罗格列酮与阿伐他汀联合治疗之后测量炎性生物标记物,包括高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP…     

Significant others benefit from preoperative information

Little attention has been given to the preparation of the patient's family prior to surgery, even though nurses' clinical experience suggests that family members are often more anxious than the patient. This study explored the knowledge and anxiety of spouses and significant others of patients preparing for cardiac surgery. The subjects were selected by convenience from a preoperative class offered at the hospital where surgery was to occur. Before and after the class, the subjects completed a cardiac-surgery knowledge test and an anxiety test. The significant others were significantly more anxious than the patients prior to the class. The anxiety level of significant others was significantly reduced after the class. There were no statistically significant differences between patients and significant others on the cardiac-surgery knowledge test. These results suggest that significant others may benefit from preoperative instruction.     

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children: Controversies and Unresolved Issues

TOPIC: Questions regarding how severely traumatized children may meet diagnostic criteria for an accurate diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the comorbidity of PTSD with many other psychiatric illnesses, and the possibility that PTSD is not a valid diagnostic formulation as it has been applied to children and adolescents demonstrate that the currently held concept of PTSD may not be operationally sound. PURPOSE: To explore recent empirical studies to demonstrate the current state of controversy and postulate future direction of the conceptual framework. SOURCES: Selected published literature. CONCLUSIONS: PTSD in children and adolescents, as it is popularly understood as a conceptual framework, is found to be undergoing a conceptual metamorphosis.     

Adjustment Difficulties of Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease

TOPIC: The psychosocialfactors that affect adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD). PURPOSE: To explore whether specific psychosocial factors can provide clues to the future adjustment of this population. SOURCES: Ovid Web, Medline, Psychinfo, and CINAHL databases for the years 1997 to 2001. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting effective psychosocial functioning is as important as managing the medical aspects of SCD, yet this is an area of care that is commonly overlooked. Nurses, therefore, have an opportunity to have a significant impact on the lives of adolescents with SCD if they intervene in ways to promote both biological and psychosocial adjustment.