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91.
Five factors have been shown to influence the 20-fold variation of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) levels in sickle cell anemia (SS): age, sex, the alpha-globin gene number, beta-globin haplotypes, and an X-linked locus that regulates the production of Hb F-containing erythrocytes (F cells), ie, the F-cell production (FCP) locus. To determine the relative importance of these factors, we studied 257 Jamaican SS subjects from a Cohort group identified by newborn screening and from a Sib Pair study. Linear regression analyses showed that each variable, when analyzed alone, had a significant association with Hb F levels (P < .05). Multiple regression analysis, including all variables, showed that the FCP locus is the strongest predictor, accounting for 40% of Hb F variation. beta-Globin haplotypes, alpha-globin genes, and age accounted for less than 10% of the variation. The association between the beta-globin haplotypes and Hb F levels becomes apparent if the influence of the FCP locus is removed by analyzing only individuals with the same FCP phenotype. Thus, the FCP locus is the most important factor identified to date in determining Hb F levels. The variation within each FCP phenotype is modulated by factors associated with the three common beta-globin haplotypes and other as yet unidentified factor(s). 相似文献
92.
93.
RD Maw † GR Kinghorn ‡ CA Bowman § BT Goh ¶ AT Nayagam M Nathan†† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2002,16(1):58-62
OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety and efficacy of imiquimod (Aldara) 5% cream in the treatment of prepuce-associated warts in uncircumcised males. METHODS: An open-label study in six UK medical centres with 35 uncircumcised males with prepuce-associated warts treated with imiquimod 5% cream three times per week for up to 16 weeks. Other anogenital warts were also treated. RESULTS: Three times weekly application of imiquimod was found to be safe, with erythema as the most commonly reported local skin reaction. Forty per cent of patients had complete clearance of anogenital warts within 16 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Imiquimod cream at a dosing regimen of three times per week, is effective and has an acceptable safety profile in the treatment of prepuce associated warts and other external anogenital warts in uncircumcised males. 相似文献
94.
A subset of H2M3wt-restricted, Listeria monocytogenes (LM)-immune CD8
effectors recognize antigen-presenting cells (APC) preincubated with
heat-killed LM. The responsible product, which we have previously
designated heat-killed Listeria-associated antigen (HAA), is extremely
hydrophobic and resistant to proteolytic degradation. Despite the protease
resistance of HAA, we now report that HAA-immune clones are uniformly
responsive to fMIGWII, a formylated oligopeptide derived from the recently
described LM product, lemA. While fMIGWII was by far the most potent
peptide tested, over half our clones also responded to the LM-derived
peptide fMIVII and cross-reactive responses to two other unrelated
formylated peptides at concentrations of <1 microM were frequently
observed. One of these peptides (fBlaZ) did not share any amino acid in
common with fMIGWII except N-formyl methionine at position 1. Unformylated
variants of the same peptides were inactive. HAA-immune CD8 cells also
responded in an H2M3wt-restricted manner to APC pretreated with heat-killed
or live preparations of other gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria
such as Streptococcus pyogenes (SP) and Proteus vulgaris (PV). Unlike
fMIGWII which is water soluble and protease sensitive, the native antigens
extracted from SP and PV, like HAA, were very hydrophobic and proteinase K
resistant, presumably reflecting in each case the association of
cross-reactive polypeptides with bacterial lipid or phospholipid. Thus,
HAA/lemA-immune, H2M3wt- restricted effectors can respond to a variety of
formylated peptides and bacterial antigens in vitro. Similar
cross-reactions in vivo might have physiologically significant
implications.
相似文献
95.
96.
97.
FMR2 expression in families with FRAXE mental retardation 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
Gecz J; Oostra BA; Hockey A; Carbonell P; Turner G; Haan EA; Sutherland GR; Mulley JC 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(3):435-441
98.
CS Klade A Dohnal W Furst W Sommergruber KH Heider H Gharwan M Ratschek GR Adolf 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2002,98(6):956-956
The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in International Journal of Cancer; 2002; 97(2) 217–224. 相似文献
99.
KA Jackman AA Miller TM De Silva PJ Crack GR Drummond CG Sobey 《British journal of pharmacology》2009,156(4):680-688
Background and purpose:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from Nox2-containing reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity is reportedly detrimental in cerebrovascular disease. However, ROS generation by other Nox isoforms may have a physiological role. No Nox2-selective inhibitors have yet been identified, and thus it is unclear whether isoform non-selective Nox inhibitors would necessarily improve outcome after stroke. We assessed the effect of apocynin on cerebrovascular ROS production and also on outcome following cerebral ischaemia when administered either before ischaemia or after cerebral reperfusion. The involvement of Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase in the effects of apocynin was assessed using Nox2−/− mice.Experimental approach:
Transient cerebral ischaemia was induced by 0.5 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 23.5 h reperfusion. Mice received apocynin (2.5 mg·kg−1, i.p.) either 0.5 h before ischaemia or 1 h after reperfusion. In situ superoxide production after cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion was measured in brain sections of wild-type mice at 24 h using dihydroethidium fluorescence.Key results:
Treatment with apocynin 0.5 h before ischaemia reduced total infarct volume, neurological impairment and mortality in wild-type but not Nox2−/− mice. Conversely, treatment with apocynin 1 h after initiation of reperfusion had no protective effect. Cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion increased superoxide production in the brain at 24 h, and pretreatment but not posttreatment with apocynin reduced superoxide levels.Conclusions and implications:
Apocynin improves outcome following stroke when administered before ischaemia in wild-type but not Nox2−/− mice. 相似文献100.
Hepatoma, arterioportal shunting, and hyperkinetic portal hypertension: therapeutic embolization 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, shunting of blood from the hepatic artery to the portal vein, and hyperkinetic portal hypertension were treated by transcatheter embolization of the hepatic artery. In three acutely bleeding patients variceal hemorrhage was controlled by the embolization. Following embolization hepatofugal portal venous flow became hepatopetal in all four patients. No serious complications were encountered. When hepatoma is complicated by arterioportal shunting and hyperkinetic portal hypertension, occlusion of the fistula by transcatheter embolotherapy can reduce the portal pressure. 相似文献