辽西蜂胶中一新的桂皮酸酯成分的分离与鉴定

A new cinnamate ester drivitive (II) and three flavonoids (I, III, IV) were isolated from Liaoxi propolis. Their chemical structures were established as benzyl caffeate (II), 7-O-methylchrysin (I), genkwanin (III) and rhamnazin (IV) by spectral analysis. II is a new natural compound; I, III and IV were found from the propolis for the first time.     

多培沙明,非诺多泮和丙卡特罗对心肌缺血时电生理变化影响的比较

新型多巴胺受体激动剂多培沙明(DPX)能显著减轻缺氧和缺血豚鼠心室乳头肌静息电位,动作电位幅度和O相除极速度的降低程度及动作电位时程的缩短程度,其减轻作用明显大于非诺多泮(FODA)和丙卡特罗(PCTR)。DPX能使缺氧时缩短的有效不应期(ERP)延长,而使缺血时延长的ERP缩短,其程度明显大于FODA与PCTR。提示DPX抗缺血性心律失常的作用优于其他类型的多巴胺激动剂。     

Spinal cord sarcoidosis: a new finding at MR imaging with Gd-DTPA enhancement

Three patients with histologically confirmed sarcoidosis with spinal cord involvement were examined with high-field-strength magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) before and after the administration of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. In addition to intramedullary expansion, areas of patchy, multifocal, parenchymal enhancement and areas of linear peripheral enhancement were seen in all three patients; these findings have not been previously reported and are unusual for other more common spinal cord lesions. This observation led to a correct diagnosis and a limitation of the extent of biopsy in two of the cases. Unfortunately, this enhancement pattern is not specific for sarcoidosis, as the authors have observed similar findings in two cases of biopsy-proved myelitis and multiple sclerosis. The peripheral enhancement is thought to be located in the leptomeninges due to leptomeningeal involvement, which was proved histologically in one case. This pattern of involvement, while not specific, is certainly consistent with and, in the appropriate clinical setting, highly suggestive of sarcoidosis.     

脉冲电流对胰岛素经皮渗透的促进作用

实验结果表明,脉冲电流能有效地提高胰岛素的透皮扩散速率,并随着释放池中胰岛素浓度的递增,透皮扩散速率呈线性增加。同时,胰岛素在pH值偏离等电点的酸性溶液(pH3.6)中透皮速率最高,为324.2±33.4μU/(cm²·h),而在pH值高于等电点的溶液(pH7.4)中其透皮速率降至143.7±27.3μU/(cm²·h),在pH值接近等电点(pH5.3)时,胰岛素的透皮速率最低,为78.4±21.9μU/(cm²·h)。     

Rotator cuff sonography: a reassessment

This study is both a retrospective and prospective evaluation of the clinical usefulness of shoulder sonography. Ninety-eight patients suspected of having rotator cuff tears underwent sonography of both shoulders. Sixty-two patients underwent double-contrast arthrography performed on the same day as sonography, and 38 patients underwent surgery after sonography. A comparison of the results from ultrasound and arthrography, using published diagnostic criteria, demonstrated a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 43% for detection of a rotator cuff tear. In this study, use of more restricted criteria, a subset of the published criteria, yielded a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 90%. A comparison of sonography with surgery, using this study's criteria, demonstrated a sensitivity of 57% and a specificity of 76%. This report shows that shoulder sonography is less reliable than previously reported and appears to have a very limited role in the evaluation of rotator cuff injuries.     

加钖果宁的镇痛作用及其作用机制

野花椒系芸香科植物(Zanthoxylum simulans Hance),其根皮有止痛及局麻作用。其水溶性生物碱有肌松作用,曾用于外科手术作为中麻辅助用药。常志青从中分离到加钖果宁[(—)edulinine,简称加钖碱,下同],并发现有镇痛及中枢抑制作用。本文进一步证明其镇痛作用及其作用机制与阿片受体有关。     

Equivocal mammographic findings: evaluation with spot compression

Seventy-five spot compression views of equivocally suspicious lesions detected at routine mammographic examination of 72 women were reviewed in this retrospective study. Sixty-five of the 75 lesions appeared less suspicious on spot compression views, two did not change, and eight appeared more suspicious. Biopsy findings confirmed that the eight more suspicious lesions were cancer. The adjunctive use of spot compression helped characterize equivocal findings seen on routine mammographic views and improved the accuracy of mammographic interpretation.     

Paranasal sinuses: CT imaging requirements for endoscopic surgery

Recent advances in the understanding of mucociliary activity and the pathophysiology of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses have revolutionized the surgical management of chronic and/or recurrent sinusitis. Meticulous radiographic delineation of the small structures in this region, coupled with endoscopic evaluation, provides detailed preoperative information regarding morphology and pathology. This information has led to more focused endoscopic surgical procedures, which have dramatically reduced patient morbidity. As a consequence, there is now worldwide interest among otolaryngologists in the radiologic definition of paranasal regional anatomy. For effective interactions between radiologist and otolaryngologist, the former must be prepared to render interpretations that address these "microanatomic" locales. This communication is directed at familiarizing the radiologist with these observations and concepts, considering both normal and disturbed anatomy with their attendant pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications.     

人工唾液对两种口腔充填材料承载能力的影响

目的:研究人工唾液对银汞合金和玻璃离子水门汀2种口腔充填材料承载能力的影响,比较不同材料受环境影响的特征.方法:制作10 mm直径、2 mm厚度的银汞合金和玻璃离子水门汀圆盘形试件各80个,各自随机分成8组,分别放入干燥容器和盛有人工唾液的容器内置于37℃恒温箱中保存1、7、30、90 d,置于30%玻璃纤维加强尼龙6,6基底上以20 mm直径不锈钢球加载进行赫兹压痕试验,记录初始断裂载荷值并进行统计分析.结果:在90 d观察期内,银汞合金的断裂载荷值在空气中从(641.09±121.16)N增加到(775.08±105.37)N(P＜0.05),在人工唾液中则从(680.09±115.90)N减少到(620.00±62.17)N,但无统计学差异(P＞0.05).玻璃离子水门汀的断裂载荷值在空气中波动于(391.18±83.10)～(456.25±74.14)N范围,无统计学差异(P＞0.05);在人工唾液中则从(388.70±66.78)N显著减少到(308.45±53.49)N(P＜0.05).经过不同的时间段后,2种材料最终均表现为在人工唾液中的断裂载荷值低于在空气中的值.结论:长期人工唾液浸泡对口腔充填材料的承载能力有明显负性影响;不同材料对储存介质的影响反应不同.