地中海贫血患儿维生素D水平及影响因素分析

目的了解我国地中海贫血儿童维生素D(vitamin D,Vit D)水平状况。方法 81例各型地中海贫血患儿纳入研究,收集临床资料,计算体质指数Z分值(body mass index Z-score,BMI-Z分值);测定血清25-(OH)D、钙和磷水平;采用PCR-RFLP方法分析Vit D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因Fok I、Bsm I、Apa I位点多态性。结果地中海贫血患儿25-(OH)D水平为(23.7±9.2)ng/mL,显著低于对照组的(28.3±10.5)ng/mL(P0.05);地中海贫血合并Vit D缺乏或不足的发生率为66.7%,比对照组高;重型地中海贫血Vit D缺乏或不足者检出率88.9%,中间型64.0%,轻型48.3%。所有患儿血清钙、磷浓度均正常。BMI-Z分值≤-1与Vit D缺乏或不足相关,而VDR基因多态性、性别及居住地并非危险因素。结论地中海贫血患儿Vit D缺乏或不足发生率高,且与贫血严重程度以及营养状态相关。     

Hypertension and health-related quality of life: an epidemiological study in patients attending hospital clinics in China

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between hypertension and health-related quality of life in patients attending hospital clinics in China. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey. Patients over the age of 35 years attending outpatient clinics in 18 hospitals of eight major cities of northern and southern China were interviewed between June and July, 1999. Trained fieldworkers completed questionnaires regarding demographics, hypertension knowledge and awareness, treatment history and quality of life issues. Qualified physicians performed blood pressure assessments. RESULTS: A total of 9703 volunteers were enrolled; 4510 (46.5%) had hypertension. The results showed that hypertensive subjects scored lower in the multiple linear regression analyses in most questions on the quality of life questionnaire than those without hypertension after controlling for age, sex, sociodemographic factors, and co-morbidity. There was a strikingly high prevalence of physical complaints or symptoms. Among the variables considered, age, sex, hypertension, body mass index, educational level, smoking, history of cholesterol, family history of cardiovascular diseases and history of diabetes were statistically significantly correlated with health-related quality of life. Subjects aware of having high blood pressure had a lower health-related quality of life score than subjects with high blood pressure but unaware of the diagnosis. Among treated subjects, those with controlled hypertension had higher health-related quality of life scores than those with poorly controlled hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertensive individuals represent a vulnerable population that merits special attention from healthcare providers and systems. This is especially important given that low health-related quality of life can be a risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular events or complications.     

Origami-based “Book” shaped three-dimensional electrochemical paper microdevice for sample-to-answer detection of pathogens

Herein, an ease-of-use and highly sensitive origami-based “book” shaped three-dimensional electrochemical paper microdevice based on nucleic acid testing (NAT) methodology was developed for sample-to-answer detection of pathogens from whole blood and food samples. The whole steps of NAT, including sample preparation, amplification and detection, were performed by alternately folding the panels of the microdevice, just like flipping a book. The screen-printing electrodes were combined with wax-printing technology to construct a paper-based electrochemical unit to monitor Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction with an electrochemical strategy. After nucleic acid extraction and purification with the glass fiber, the LAMP reaction was performed for 45 min to amplify the extracted nucleic acid sequence, followed by the execution of the electrochemical interrogation reaction based on methylene blue (MB) and double-stranded LAMP amplicons. Starting with whole blood and food samples spiked with Salmonella typhimurium, this microdevice was successfully applied to identify pathogens from biological samples with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the proposed origami-based “book” shaped three-dimensional paper microdevice has great potential for disease diagnosis, food safety analysis applications in the future.

Herein, an ease-of-use and highly sensitive origami-based “book” shaped three-dimensional electrochemical paper microdevice based on nucleic acid testing (NAT) methodology was developed for sample-to-answer detection of pathogens from whole blood and food samples.     

基于CiteSpace的血液透析动静脉内瘘研究领域的热点和前沿分析

目的:调查动静脉内瘘在血液透析应用中的研究现状,明确其研究热点和研究前沿,为动静脉内瘘科研工作提供思路以及辅助临床血液透析安全有效地进行.方法:本研究纳入2000年—2019年Web of Science数据库核心合集中检索到的有关动静脉内瘘相关文献作为数据来源,运用CiteSpaceⅤ软件绘制知识图谱,对知识主体、研究热点和研究前沿等方面进行可视化分析.结果:2000年1月1日—2019年5月9日血液透析动静脉内瘘相关研究文献发文量呈现逐年递增的趋势;发文量排名较前的国家有美国、加拿大、意大利等;发文量排名较前的研究机构有阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校、阿拉巴马大学系统、多伦多大学等;发文量排名较前的期刊有Seminars in Dialysis、American Journal of Kidney Diseases、Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation等.通过关键词词频分析得出相关热点为"动静脉内瘘在维持性血液透析中的应用""动静脉内瘘的并发症及处理""动静脉内瘘病人相关的心理体验".得出血液透析动静脉内瘘研究领域的前沿在早期动静脉内瘘失功、超声技术在动静脉内瘘病人中的应用、人造血管、介入治疗等方面.结论:通过文献计量学的分析,明确了动静脉内瘘在血液透析领域的研究热点和研究前沿,为动静脉内瘘科研工作提供基础.     

中医语言疏导四步法对新冠肺炎患者心理危机的干预

目的:观察中医语言疏导四步法对新冠肺炎患者心理危机干预的疗效.方法:将120例患者随机分为对照组40例,观察组80例,两组均予中西医结合药物治疗及氧疗,观察组同时配合中医语言疏导四步法进行心理疏导,每周2次,持续时间为45分钟,疗程为2周,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、焦虑量表(HAMA)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)对两组患者入组时及治疗2周后分别评分,记录患者新型冠状病毒核酸检测转阴时间和住院日.结果:治疗2周后,观察组各项量表评分下降均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),观察组新型冠状病毒转阴时间及住院日均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:中医语言疏导四步法对新冠肺炎患者进行心理危机干预,能有效改善患者抑郁、焦虑等心理状态,改善睡眠,加速病毒转阴,缩短住院日,值得推广应用.     

甘肃民乐黄芪品质与土壤关系的研究

目的 研究甘肃民乐黄芪品质与土壤的关系。方法 采集黄芪药材和土壤样品,利用高效液相色谱法、紫外分光光度法、原子吸收分光光度法等测定药材质量、土壤因子及重金属元素。结果 民乐黄芪质量符合药典标准规定,受重金属污染风险低。浸出物与速效钾呈显著负相关;黄芪甲苷与速效钾呈显著正相关;毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷与可溶盐呈极显著正相关,与速效钾呈显著正相关,与pH值呈显著负相关。其中,土壤pH值是影响黄芪浸出物、黄芪甲苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷三者含量的关键因素,其次为全磷、有机质和全氮。结论 研究结果揭示了土壤因子是民乐黄芪品质的主要影响因素,可为民乐县规范化种植黄芪药材提供理论依据。     

泌尿系感染患者病原菌分布及药物敏感性分析

目的 分析泌尿系感染患者病原菌的分布及药物敏感性特征,为临床泌尿系感染的治疗提供依据.方法 对2014年1 -12月就诊于解放军总医院肾病科门诊的953例泌尿系感染患者的953份尿标本同时进行支原体、细菌培养鉴定和药物敏感性试验.结果 953例泌尿系感染患者中,395例支原体培养阳性,阳性检出率41.45%,对美满霉素和强力霉素敏感率> 90%;154例细菌培养阳性,阳性检出率16.16%,分离菌株156株,大肠埃希菌71株占首位,其次为草绿色链球菌14株、粪肠球菌12株、肺炎克雷伯菌11株、无乳链球菌11株等,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌超广谱β-内酰胺酶阳性率分别为45.07%和18.18%,未发现对亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,以及对万古霉素、利奈唑胺耐药的草绿色链球菌、粪肠球菌和无乳链球菌.结论 泌尿系感染患者病原菌以解脲支原体和大肠埃希菌为主,及时监测病原菌的种类分布及药物敏感性特征,对泌尿系感染疾病的治疗有重要意义.     

Erythrocyte membrane affinity chromatography,solid-phase extraction and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to screen active ingredients of Buyang Huanwu decoction

Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that has long been used to treat ischemic brain damage which is associated with hemorheology. To screen active ingredients in BHD responsible for reducing blood viscosity by reducing red blood cell (RBC) lesions to treat ischemic stroke, a method involving RBC membrane binding and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed in this study. The components of BHD interacting with RBC were analyzed by mass spectrometry and four compounds, calycosin, paeoniflorin, 6-hydroxy behenol-3,6-di-O-glucoside and calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, showed binding affinity to RBCs. An erythrocyte activity assay revealed that the identified ingredients promoted the activities of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase, sialic acid and superoxide dismutase and reduced the content of cholesterol on the RBC membrane, suggesting a mechanism underlying their anti-erythrocyte aggregation activity. Based on these results, the RBC membrane binding assay combined with SPE and mass spectrometry is a novel and effective approach for screening potentially anti-erythrocyte lesion constituents in traditional Chinese medicines.

A method that uses erythrocyte membrane and solid-phase extraction to isolate the specific compounds of Buyang Huanwu decoction was developed.     

Association between Glutathione S-Transferase T1, M1, and P1 Genotypes and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are enzymes which play an important role in the neutralization of toxic compounds and eradication of electrophilic carcinogens. Genetic polymorphisms within the genes encoding for GSTs may therefore cause variations in their enzyme activity, which may in turn influence the interindividual susceptibility to cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in 264 cases and 317 controls in a Chinese population. Genotyping was performed by using multiplex PCR (for GSTT1 and GSTM1) and PCR-RFLP (for GSTP1) methods. The association between the polymorphic genotypes and CRC risk was evaluated by deriving odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Our results showed that individuals with GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes exhibited a higher risk of CRC (GSTT1, OR,1.66; 95% CI, 1.20-2.31, P=0.003; GSTM1, OR,1.57; 95% CI,1.13-2.18, P=0.007), while no association was observed for GSTP1 (P_heterozygous=0.790 or P_variant=0.261). Furthermore, individuals who simultaneously carried the null genotypes for both GSTT1 and GSTM1 showed a stronger risk association (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.33-2.85; P<0.001). In conclusion, the GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms, but not GSTP1, may modulate the CRC risk among Chinese.

Graphical Abstract

相似文献