Thermogenesis due to noradrenaline in muscles under different rates of perfusion

Vascularly isolated hind legs of cold acclimated rats were perfused with arterial blood either without noradrenaline (NA) or with a constant concentration of NA (10 ng·ml^–1) at different perfusion rates ranging from 2 to 14l·g^–1·min^–1. The oxygen consumption of the leg during perfusion both with or without NA was linearly related to the perfusion rate. The linear increase of leg oxygen consumption with respect to the perfusion was steeper after NA, which indicates that the same arterial concentration of NA may produce a greater thermogenic effect at higher blood flow rates (the difference between resting metabolic rate and the thermogenesis stimulated by NA, was 8.20 l O₂·g^–1·h^–1 at a blood flow of 3l·g^–1·min^–1, compared with 45.02 l O₂·g^–1·h^–1 at a blood flow of 14 l·g^–1·min^–1). These data confirm the important role of the extravascular influx rate of NA in the control of thermogenesis due to NA in muscles.     

Isolation and partial characterization of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque core in Alzheimer's disease: immunohistological studies

Fractions enriched in neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and amyloid fibrils were isolated from the cerebral cortex of three cases of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Distilled water suspensions of these fractions were excluded from all pore size gels and resisted digestion with various proteolytic enzymes. Formic acid/chloroform treatment of each fraction resulted in the appearance of 4,000-6,000, 15,000-17,000 and 24,000 molecular weight proteins, with concomitant diminution in the amount of excluded material at the top of each gel. The 4,000-6,000 dalton band was best seen in fractions containing randomly arranged amyloid fibrils, and its amino acid composition resembled that of the recently reported "beta" protein. A polyclonal antiserum to purified NFT reacted with tangles in neurons and in dystrophic neurites around plaques by immunoperoxidase staining. No reaction was obtained with cerebrovascular or plaque core amyloid immunohistologically, or with the 4-6 kD protein on immunoblots. Cross-reactivity with the neurofibrillary lesions occurring in Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, postencephalitic Parkinsonism and dementia pugilistica was also seen. Specific binding of this antiserum to the double filamentous structure was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. Although the presence of "beta" protein in both NFT and amyloid-containing fractions suggests that it may be an important constituent of both, cross-contamination cannot be excluded.     

Radiologic and Demographic Characteristics of Patients With Plantar Calcaneal Spur

Many people with heel pain in the general population are often diagnosed with plantar calcaneal spurs (PCS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological and demographic characteristics of PCS patients and to compare the differences with the control group. In 2018, 420 patients with weightbearing lateral ankle X-ray images were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups as PCS group and control group. Groups were compared age and age group (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70 and over) weight, height, body mass index (<25, 25-30, >30), chronic diseases as demographically and were also compared radiologically as calcaneal inclination angle (CIA), lateral talocalcaneal angle (LTCA), Bohler angle and Gissane angle. A statistically significant relationship was found between gender and PCS. Plantar calcaneal spur is more common in females than in males (X²:8.101, p < .03). PCS was less common in patients with BMI <25 and 25-29.9, whereas PCS is more common in patients with BMI >30 (X²:7.698, p < .021). Although the CIA angle was within normal limits in both groups, it was significantly lower in patients with PCS than in the control group(p < .05). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of age, chronic disease, LTCA, Bohler angle, Gissane angle. Female gender and obesity are among the risk factors for PCS formation. CIA may have an important role in PCS formation. In order to clarify the etiology and pathophysiology of PCS, further studies with radiological features are needed.     

Reproductive Health,Sexual Function and Satisfaction Levels in Women with Physical,Hearing, and Visual Disabilities

Sexuality and Disability - This study was carried out to determine the reproductive health, sexual function and sexual satisfaction levels of women with disabilities. The sample of the study was...     

Progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis and chronic cholestatic liver disease

We report the clinical and morphological features of a distinctive hepatorenal disorder in four patients and review the five similar patients in the literature. The main clinical characteristics were early onset of cholestatic liver disease and progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis leading to renal death in early childhood. Liver histology showed disturbed architecture with nodular and acinar formations and portal fibrosis and bile duct proliferation. Histological abnormalities in the kidney were severe interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy and dilatation, while the typical features of nephronophthisis were lacking. These clinical and morphological characteristics distinguish our patients from the majority described, as having nephronophthisis and congenital hepatic fibrosis or any other known syndrome with concomitant hepatorenel involvement. We suggest that the association of cholestatic liver disease and progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis represents a new syndrome.     

Hemorrhage in cataract extraction

The paper presents the evolution at ten eyes (nine patients) that presented expulsive hemorrhage during surgical act of extracapsular extraction with implant of crystalline lens. There are several cases of extracapsular extraction than intracapsular extraction which were more short like duration. The frequency of female was 90% from cases. The good results show the efficiency of associated treatment: closing of the eyeball with scleral punctura and internal tamponing. Only one eye was lost functionally.     

P53 overexpression as an indicator of overall survival and response to treatment in osteosarcomas

The p53 gene located at chromosome 17pl3 is found to be altered (allelic loss or other mutation) in multiple human cancers, including osteosarcomas. The mutated gene produces a protein with a prolonged half-life thus rendering it detectable by conventional immunohistochemistry. We examined the correlation between p53 expression and clinical prognosis as well as response to therapy. Twentyone patients with previously untreated and histologically verified highly malignant osteosarcoma were used for this study. Biopsy material taken both prior to the start of COSS 91 protocol and at the time of surgery (ten weeks later) was examined for alterations in p53 protein expression and drug resistance. Two patients who had strong (+++) p53 protein expression and three others who became positive during the chemotherapy had significantly worse prognosis (all of them died within one year) than those who showed no p53 expression both at biopsy and after chemotherapy (all 11 patients are alive, average follow-up time: 3.5 years). All patients who showed any kind of positive p53 protein expression on initial biopsy were non-respon-ders to chemotherapy. In contrast, 69% (9 out of 13) of those who exhibited no p53 expression on initial biopsy were responders or intermediate responders to chemotherapy. We concluded that p53 expression may be a useful prognostic factor in osteosarcomas. The direct correlation between p53 positive expression and resistance to therapy can help in identifying patients who are in need of a more vigorous or different chemotherapeutical protocol.     

Incidence of IDDM during 1988–1992 in Zagreb,Croatia

Summary The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the population of Zagreb, Croatia, during 1988–1992. A centralized diabetes registry was the primary source of data, while secondary sources were used to assess ascertainment. A total of 282 new cases of IDDM were diagnosed in the study period, the primary and secondary sources identifying annually 93–100% of the cases. The annual incidence rate ranged from 5.6 per 100,000 to 6.6 per 100,000. Early fatality in persons older than 50 years was the major cause of underascertainment. The incidence peaked in the 10–14 years age group (12.4 per 100,000), and remained stable after age 24 years. Males had a significantly higher incidence in the 5–9 and 24–44 years age groups. In the 45–54 years age group, females had a significantly higher incidence. No seasonality was observed. Despite the war conditions in Croatia, the low overall IDDM incidence rates did not change significantly during the study period.Abbreviations IDDM Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus - DKA diabetic ketoacidosis