Malaria, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in southern Zambia. In the Mapanza Chiefdom, where transmission is seasonal,
Anopheles arabiensis is the dominant malaria vector. The ability to predict larval habitats can help focus control measures. 相似文献
Climate change is taking a toll on human health, and some leaders in the public health community have urged their colleagues
to give voice to its health implications. Previous research has shown that Americans are only dimly aware of the health implications
of climate change, yet the literature on issue framing suggests that providing a novel frame - such as human health - may
be potentially useful in enhancing public engagement. We conducted an exploratory study in the United States of people's reactions
to a public health-framed short essay on climate change. 相似文献
Research on physical activity (PA) by level of acculturation in Hispanic children is limited and findings have been mixed.
We examined PA participation by primary language used with parents in a representative sample of 4th, 8th, and 11th grade
Texas public school students. Mixed-effects regression models were conducted using cross-sectional data from the 2004–2005
School Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (n = 22,049). Self-reported PA was compared among three language-ethnic groups: Spanish-Hispanic (SH) (referent); English-Hispanic
(EH); and English-Other (EO). EH and/or EO girls were generally between 1.25 and 2.58 [OR] times more likely to participate in PA across grade levels,
with the largest differences found for school sports in 8th grade girls. EH and EO 8th grade boys were 1.71 (CI: 1.40, 2.10)
and 2.06 (CI: 1.68, 2.51) times, respectively, more likely to participate in school sports. Findings indicate important disparities
in Spanish-speaking Hispanic children’s PA participation. 相似文献
Planning human resources for health (HRH) is a complex process for policy-makers and, as a result, many countries worldwide
swing from surplus to shortage. In-depth case studies can help appraising the challenges encountered and the solutions implemented.
This paper has two objectives: to identify the key challenges in HRH planning in Belgium and to formulate recommendations
for an effective HRH planning, on the basis of the Belgian case study and lessons drawn from an international benchmarking. 相似文献
The aim of the project was to assess the effectiveness and safety of weekly epoetin-beta (EB) in patients with gastrointestinal
cancer (GIC) subjected to concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CCTRT). 相似文献
Extravasation of chemotherapy is a feared complication of anticancer therapy. The accidental leakage of cytostatic agents
into the perivascular tissues may have devastating short-term and long-term consequences for patients. In recent years, the
increased focus on chemotherapy extravasation has led to the development of international guidelines that have proven useful
tools in daily clinical practice. Moreover, the tissue destruction in one of the most dreaded types of extravasation (ie,
anthracycline extravasation) now can effectively be prevented with a specific antidote, dexrazoxane. 相似文献
Hypoxia is related to poor prognosis because it is associated to chemo-and radioresistance. During recent years the evolution
of imaging methods like PET/CT and MRI has meant the appearance of new perspectives with direct implications in radiation
therapy. We discuss previous experiences in staging, planning and in the follow-up process with these techniques for measuring
tumour hypoxia. 相似文献
Bortezomib, a proteasome-specific inhibitor, has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic agent. However, development of
resistance to bortezomib may pose a challenge to effective anticancer therapy. Therefore, characterization of cellular mechanisms
involved in bortezomib resistance and development of effective strategies to overcome this resistance represent important
steps in the advancement of bortezomib-mediated cancer therapy. 相似文献
The fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is suggested to be a manifestation of depression or affective spectrum disorder. We measured
the cognitive style of patients with FMS to assess personality styles in 44 patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) by comparing
them with 43 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 41 healthy controls (HC). 相似文献
Background: Although the activation-induced intracellular Ca2+ signal is disrupted by sensory neuron injury, the contribution of specific Ca2+ channel subtypes is unknown.
Methods: Transients in dissociated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were recorded using fura-2 microfluorometry. Neurons from control rats and from neuropathic animals after spinal nerve ligation were activated either by elevated bath K+ or by field stimulation. Transients were compared before and after application of selective blockers of voltage-activated Ca2+ channel subtypes.
Results: Transient amplitude and area were decreased by blockade of the L-type channel, particularly during sustained K+ stimulation. Significant contributions to the Ca2+ transient are attributable to the N-, P/Q-, and R-type channels, especially in small neurons. Results for T-type blockade varied widely between cells. After injury, transients lost sensitivity to N-type and R-type blockers in axotomized small neurons, whereas adjacent small neurons showed decreased responses to blockers of R-type channels. Axotomized large neurons were less sensitive to blockade of N- and P/Q-type channels. After injury, neurons adjacent to axotomy show decreased sensitivity of K+-induced transients to L-type blockade but increased sensitivity during field stimulation. 相似文献