全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4365篇 |
免费 | 205篇 |
国内免费 | 35篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 54篇 |
儿科学 | 120篇 |
妇产科学 | 62篇 |
基础医学 | 453篇 |
口腔科学 | 71篇 |
临床医学 | 337篇 |
内科学 | 1131篇 |
皮肤病学 | 37篇 |
神经病学 | 285篇 |
特种医学 | 82篇 |
外科学 | 816篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
预防医学 | 102篇 |
眼科学 | 398篇 |
药学 | 265篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 353篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 26篇 |
2022年 | 54篇 |
2021年 | 91篇 |
2020年 | 59篇 |
2019年 | 77篇 |
2018年 | 99篇 |
2017年 | 78篇 |
2016年 | 102篇 |
2015年 | 88篇 |
2014年 | 156篇 |
2013年 | 173篇 |
2012年 | 249篇 |
2011年 | 278篇 |
2010年 | 139篇 |
2009年 | 138篇 |
2008年 | 222篇 |
2007年 | 238篇 |
2006年 | 224篇 |
2005年 | 209篇 |
2004年 | 217篇 |
2003年 | 198篇 |
2002年 | 194篇 |
2001年 | 123篇 |
2000年 | 137篇 |
1999年 | 99篇 |
1998年 | 47篇 |
1997年 | 39篇 |
1996年 | 45篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 55篇 |
1991年 | 61篇 |
1990年 | 54篇 |
1989年 | 49篇 |
1988年 | 47篇 |
1987年 | 46篇 |
1986年 | 36篇 |
1985年 | 59篇 |
1984年 | 34篇 |
1983年 | 33篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1973年 | 19篇 |
1971年 | 32篇 |
1970年 | 19篇 |
1968年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有4605条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
A case of minute squamous cell carcinoma arising in a congenital lung cyst is reported. Two aspects of this case were notable. First, we were able to make the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma by bronchial lavage at an early stage. Second, to our knowledge, this is the first case of probable de novo origin of squamous cell carcinoma in a congenital lung cyst. 相似文献
72.
Kawabata T Kinoshita M Inatsu A Habu Y Nakashima H Shinomiya N Seki S 《Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)》2008,48(5):1586-1597
Immune functions of liver natural killer T (NKT) cells induced by the synthetic ligand alpha-galactosylceramide enhanced age-dependently; hepatic injury and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) induced by ligand-activated NKT cells were also enhanced. This study investigated how aging affects liver innate immunity after common bacteria DNA stimulation. Young (6 weeks) and old (50-60 weeks) C57BL/6 mice were injected with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN), and the functions of liver leukocytes were assessed. A CpG-ODN injection into the old mice remarkably increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in Kupffer cells, and MODS and lethal shock were induced, both of which are rarely seen in young mice. Old Kupffer cells showed increased Toll-like receptor-9 expression, and CpG-ODN challenge augmented TNF receptor and Fas-L expression in liver NKT cells. Experiments using mice depleted of natural killer (NK) cells by anti-asialoGM1 antibody (Ab), perforin knockout mice, and mice pretreated with neutralizing interferon (IFN)-gamma Ab demonstrated the important role of liver NK cells in antitumor immunity. The production capacities of old mice for IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, and perforin were much lower than those of young mice, and the CpG-induced antitumor cytotoxicity of liver NK cells lessened. Lethal shock and MODS greatly decreased in old mice depleted/deficient in TNF, FasL, or NKT cells. However, depletion of NK cells also decreased serum TNF levels and FasL expression of NKT cells, which resulted in improved hepatic injury and survival, suggesting that NK cells are indirectly involved in MODS/lethal shock induced by NKT cells. Neutralization of TNF did not reduce the CpG-induced antitumor effect in the liver. CONCLUSION: Hepatic injury and MODS mediated by NKT cells via the TNF and FasL-mediated pathway after CpG injection increased, but the antitumor activity of liver NK cells decreased with aging. 相似文献
73.
Takaki S Tsubota A Hosaka T Akuta N Someya T Kobayashi M Suzuki F Suzuki Y Saitoh S Arase Y Ikeda K Kumada H 《Journal of gastroenterology》2004,39(7):668-673
Background Recent studies indicate that combination therapy with ribavirin and interferon alfa2b (IFN2b) is effective for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, reversible hemolytic anemia is a common side effect of this therapy.Methods We determined those factors that contribute to ribavirin dose reduction due to anemia during this treatment by using multiple logistic regression analysis in Japanese patients. The study included 123 patients with chronic hepatitis C (85 male, 38 female; mean age, 50 years; range, 20–70 years), who received 24-week combination therapy. All patients were treated with IFN2b daily for 2 weeks, followed by three times weekly dosing for 22 weeks, with oral ribavirin twice daily, at a total daily dose of 600 or 800mg.Results Of the 123 patients, 34 patients required dose reduction of ribavirin, and 78 patients required no dose reduction. Overall, 20 patients discontinued. On univariate analysis, reduction of the ribavirin dose correlated significantly with pretreatment hemoglobin (Hb) levels of less than 14g/dl, female sex, and patient age 55 years or older. On multivariate analysis, pretreatment Hb of less than 14g/dl level and age 55 years or older were significantly associated with ribavirin dose reduction. The hazard ratios were 3.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–8.53) for pretreatment Hb levels of less than 14g/dl, and 2.50 (95% CI, 1.05–5.94) for age 55 years or more.Conclusions Because patient age of 55 years or more, and Hb levels of less than 14g/dl are significant factors that influence ribavirin-induced hemolytic anemia, more careful monitoring is necessary during combination therapy for patients with these risk factors. 相似文献
74.
Shirai Y Wakatsuki Y Kusumoto T Nakata M Yoshida M Usui T Iizuka T Kita T 《Gastroenterology》2000,118(4):749-759
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Helicobactor pylori mostly colonizes the gastric mucus that contains salivary antibodies. We studied the role of saliva in the induction and maintenance of gastric immunity conferred by oral vaccination against H. pylori. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice underwent a sialoadenectomy before and after intragastric immunization using whole-cell sonicates of H. pylori and cholera toxin as an adjuvant. At 1 and 6 months after oral inoculation, we assessed the density of the H. pylori colonizing the stomach, specific antibodies in gastric secretion and sera, and the constituents of cellular infiltrates in the tissue. RESULTS: A sialoadenectomy before, but not after, immunization abrogated protection by the vaccination at 1 month after inoculation. Protected mice had more neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes, but fewer eosinophils, in the gastric tissue than nonprotected mice. Protected mice had a greater increase of immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 specific to H. pylori than IgG2a in sera. At 6 months after inoculation, oral immunization was less effective in mice who had a sialoadenectomy than in control immunized mice. The antibody titers in both gastric secretion and in sera did not correlate with the density of bacteria colonizing the stomach. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that, in intragastric immunization against H. pylori, saliva is necessary for both the induction and maintenance of optimal immunity in the stomach. Effective immunity was associated with an increased number of neutrophils and lymphocytes in gastric tissue. 相似文献
75.
Nogami A Sugiyasu A Tada H Kurosaki K Sakamaki M Kowase S Oginosawa Y Kubota S Usui T Naito S 《Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology》2008,19(7):681-688
Introduction: Although successful ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is feasible in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), long-term recurrence is common. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of a change in the isolated delayed component (IDC) as an endpoint of the catheter ablation in ARVC.
Methods and Results: Eighteen patients (48 ± 11 years) with ARVC were studied. Detailed endocardial mapping of the right ventricle (RV) was performed during sinus rhythm. IDCs were recorded in 16 patients and the latest IDCs were related to the VT circuit. Catheter ablation was carried out in the areas with the IDCs. At the end of the session, the IDC was electrically dissociated in one, disappeared in five, exhibited second-degree block in one, was significantly delayed (≥50 ms) in three, and remained unchanged in six. The change in the IDC was correlated with the change in the type II/III late potentials in the signal-averaged electrocardiography (ECG) and the inducibility of the clinical VT after the ablation. During a follow-up of 61 ± 38 months, VT recurred in six. The patients with a changed IDC had a significantly lower VT recurrence than those with no IDC or an unchanged IDC (P < 0.02).
Conclusion: In patients with ARVC, (1) the IDCs during sinus rhythm are related to the clinical VT and can be a target for the ablation, (2) a change in the IDC can be used as an endpoint, and (3) qualitative analyses of the serial signal-averaged ECGs may be useful for the long-term follow-up. 相似文献
Methods and Results: Eighteen patients (48 ± 11 years) with ARVC were studied. Detailed endocardial mapping of the right ventricle (RV) was performed during sinus rhythm. IDCs were recorded in 16 patients and the latest IDCs were related to the VT circuit. Catheter ablation was carried out in the areas with the IDCs. At the end of the session, the IDC was electrically dissociated in one, disappeared in five, exhibited second-degree block in one, was significantly delayed (≥50 ms) in three, and remained unchanged in six. The change in the IDC was correlated with the change in the type II/III late potentials in the signal-averaged electrocardiography (ECG) and the inducibility of the clinical VT after the ablation. During a follow-up of 61 ± 38 months, VT recurred in six. The patients with a changed IDC had a significantly lower VT recurrence than those with no IDC or an unchanged IDC (P < 0.02).
Conclusion: In patients with ARVC, (1) the IDCs during sinus rhythm are related to the clinical VT and can be a target for the ablation, (2) a change in the IDC can be used as an endpoint, and (3) qualitative analyses of the serial signal-averaged ECGs may be useful for the long-term follow-up. 相似文献
76.
Kenzo Yasui Takashi Hirai Tomoyuki Kato Takeshi Morimoto Akihito Torii Katsuhiko Uesaka Yasuhiro Kodera Yoshitaka Yamamura Tuyoshi Kito 《Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences》1995,2(2):103-107
Sixty-four patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer were studied to clarify the characteristics of the regional spread of liver metastases (secondary invasive factors) and the effects of major anatomical hepatic resection with lymph node dissection on reducing liver recurrence. No secondary invasive factors, i.e., lymph node metastasis, portal or hepatic vein involvement, bile duct involvement, micrometastasis, and direct invasion, were observed in patients with liver metastases less than 3 cm in diameter (5-year survival rate; 100%). Secondary invasive factors were seen in 19.2% of the patients with liver metastases from 3 cm to less than 6 cm (5-year survival rate; 28.7%), and in 45.2% of those with liver metastases 6 cm and over (5-year survival rate; 14.6%). Secondary invasive factors were noted in 45% of the patients with recurrence in the remmant liver. Although 31% of all 64 patients exhibited secondary invasive factors, major anatomical hepatic resection with lymph node dissection achieved a low liver recurrence rate of 31.3%. In conclusion, considering the risks attributed to secondary invasive factors, major anatomical hepatic resection with lymph node dissection is an appropriate surgical procedure for patients with liver metastases exceeding 3 cm in diameter. 相似文献
77.
Sugimoto Y Nishii K Sakakura M Araki H Usui E Lorenzo V F Hoshino N Miyashita H Ohishi K Katayama N Shiku H 《The hematology journal : the official journal of the European Haematology Association / EHA》2004,5(1):84-89
We report a 31-year-old female with t(8;21)(q22;q22) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), M2 in the FAB classification. Complete remission was achieved with daunorubicin and cytarabine induction therapy followed by three courses of high-dose cytarabine consolidation. Only 3 months later, the patient relapsed with granulocytic sarcomas (GSs) in her rhinopharynx, external acoustic meatus, and bone marrow. She received focal radiation for the GSs and successfully underwent reinduction chemotherapy. Subsequently, she received a matched related donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation followed by high-dose chemotherapy and is now in a second remission. We summarized 79 reported cases of t(8;21) AML with GS and reviewed the literature to identify differences in the characteristics of t(8;21) AML with GS between adults and children. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pharyngeal GS in t(8;21) AML, and focal irradiation plus more intensive postinduction therapy during first remission, such as allogeneic-SCT, may be effective in adult t(8;21) AML patients with GS. 相似文献
78.
79.
Tomomi Sato Masaru Usui Shigeki Maetani Yutaka Tamura 《Journal of infection and chemotherapy》2018,24(7):588-591
The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and their molecular characteristics among veterinary staff in Sapporo in 2008 and 2016. We isolated MRSA from veterinarians (Vet; n = 91), veterinary technicians (VT; n = 113), and other staff members (n = 24) from 45 small animal hospitals (animal hospitals), as well as from surface swabs (n = 123) obtained from 37 animal hospitals, in 2016. MRSA was observed in 14 Vets (15%), 7 VTs (6%), 2 other staff members (8%), and 6 environmental samples (5%). The prevalence of MRSA among veterinary staff tended to decrease, in comparison to 2008. All the MRSA isolates were classified as CC5/SCCmecII, which is commonly observed in medical settings in Japan. Upon performing pulse-field gel electrophoresis, with SmaI and EagI, and clfB sequence typing, it was observed that 16 of the MRSA isolates from 2016 were highly similar to those obtained in 2008. This suggests that some MRSA isolates persisted throughout 8 years, although their origins remain unclear. The continuation of education and monitoring of MRSA is necessary for the prevention and control of infection in these settings. 相似文献
80.