The role of cytokines in rhinosinusitis

Since the last decade, new insights into inflammatory processes have become possible by investigating the pattern of cytokines in acute and chronic sinus diseases. This review aims to update and discuss the findings of in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the role of cytokines in sinusitis and nasal polyposis. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and the neutrophil-chemoattractant interleukin-8 may play a major role in acute sinusitis, as shown in viral and allergic rhinitis. In chronic sinusitis interleukin-3 dominates the cytokine profiles, giving support to a variety of inflammatory cells. Interleukin-5 is a key protein in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. Activation and survival of eosinophils in nasal polyps are thought to be regulated by interleukin-5. Further investigation of cytokine expression patterns in inflammatory sinus diseases will lead to a better understanding of their pathogenesis and to a development of new therapeutic modality.     

胎儿大脑两半球Broca氏区皮质的发育

取4至10月龄的胎儿大脑Broca氏区的皮质进行组织学切片,尼氏染色,显微镜观察。发现:随着胎儿大脑的发育,Broca氏区皮质的厚度逐渐增加,这种增加呈快慢交替的变化;胎儿发育到8月龄,才见比较典型的锥体细胞和出现比较典型的皮质六层结构;自8至10月龄,随着月龄的增加,Broca氏区皮质第Ⅲ层锥体细胞的体积逐渐增大,密度逐渐减少。     

Association of MICA polymorphism with HLA-B51 and disease severity in Korean patients with Behcet's disease

The HLA-B51 allele is known to be associated with Behcet's disease (BD) in many ethnic group. However, it has not yet been clarified whether the HLA-B51 gene itself is the pathogenic gene related to BD or whether it is some other gene in linkage disequlibrium with HLA-B51. Recently, the Triplet repeat (GCT/AGC) polymorphism in transmembrane region of the MHC class I chain-related A (MICA) gene was identified. To investigate the association of MICA with BD, we studied the MICA polymorphism in 108 Korean BD patients and 204 healthy controls in relation to the presence of HLA-B51 and clinical manifestations. The triplet repeat polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The phenotype frequency of the MICA*A6 allele (relative risk, RR=2.15, p=0.002) and HLA-B51(RR=1.87, p=0.022) were significantly increased in the Korean patients with BD. A strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the MICA*A6 and HLA-B51 in both the patients with BD and control subjects. Stratification analysis showed that MICA*A6 homozygosity was strongly associated with BD in the HLA-B51-negative population, and HLA-B51 was also associated with MICA*A6-negative population. In conclusion, MICA*A6 rather than HLA-B51 was strongly associated with Korean patients with BD, and the MICA*A6 allele is a useful susceptibility marker of BD, especially in the HLA-B5-negative     

波形纤维蛋白在胎肺及肺腺癌的免疫组化表达

<正>取13至30周正常胎儿肺组织24例肺腺癌16例和新生儿肺8例,用三种抗中间丝蛋白(角蛋白Ker-atim、波形纤维蛋白Vimentin和结蛋白Desmin)单克隆抗体,经免疫组化ABC法进行实验观察.结果显示:胎肺发育分化阶段及肺腺癌组织中这些蛋白组分的表达均与正常成体细胞中的中间丝蛋白有高度特异性的特征绝然不同.胎肺13周首先出现角蛋白,15周出现波形纤维蛋白,16周才有结蛋白阳性表达,而且25周以前波形蛋白是最为反应活跃的蛋白组分.波形纤维蛋白除了在结缔组织、软骨、间充质等出现阳性反应并在上皮与角蛋白,在肌组织中与结蛋白表现出协同表达的特征.在16例肺腺癌组织中除角蛋白阳性表达以外,有     

ASK1 associates with troponin T and induces troponin T phosphorylation and contractile dysfunction in cardiomyocytes

There is increasing support for the idea that excessive production of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction. However, the mechanisms by which cytokine/ROS production mediates cardiac dysfunction have not been established. Given that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is highly expressed in cardiac muscle and that ASK1 is an important mediator in the signaling pathways induced by tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and ROS, we used the yeast two-hybrid system with ASK1 as bait to identify ASK1 substrates from a human heart cDNA library. The cDNA encoding the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) was isolated. ASK1 specifically interacted with cTnT, but not cTnI, in vitro and in vivo via the C-terminal ASK1 domain. ASK1 specifically phosphorylated cTnT in vitro and in vivo. Mutations in cTnT (T194/S198) at an ASK1-phosphorylation consensus sequence significantly reduced phosphorylation by ASK1. ROS-induced ASK1 activation, cTnT phosphorylation, and contractile dysfunction in cardiomyocytes showed similar kinetics. Moreover, overexpression of constitutively active ASK1 induces cTnT phosphorylation and inhibits shortening and calcium transient in adult cardiomyocytes. We conclude that ASK1 plays an important role in regulation of cardiac contractile function by phosphorylating cTnT and may participate in cytokine/ROS-induced pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy and heart failure.     

胃镜活检诊断并经手术证实的胃原发性淋巴瘤

本文报道8例胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤并将胃镜活检与术后病理诊断相对比,提出胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床及病理特征。8例淋巴瘤患者中,男性3例,女性5例,平均年龄为40.1岁。临床表现虽不特异,轻者仅为上腹部饱胀感,重者可出现恶心呕吐,但以腹部痛疼为常见症状。该瘤累及部位多在胃窦部,本组8例中7例累及胃窦。胃镜所见,常以大小不等的丘     

胎肝细胞质液对重症病毒性肝炎患者外周血TL－CFU及mIL－2R影响的实验观察

采用半固体一步单层琼脂培养法和单克隆荧光抗体技术分别观察重症肝炎外周血ＴＬ－ＣＦＵ和ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ，发现重症肝炎患者ＴＬ－ＣＦＵ（１０４．４±３２．６）及ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ（３５．６±８．６）较正常人明显降低。在培养体系中加胎肝细胞质液后，无论在重症肝炎组还是在正常组均不能明显地提高ＴＬ－ＣＦＵ，说明胎肝细胞质液不含具生物佐的促ＴＬ－ＣＦＵ因子。但对ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达的影响，在重症肝炎组病人，只有在ＰＨＡ存在条件下才能促进ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达，说明胎肝细胞质波含有某种（些）物质能协同ＰＨＡ促进重症肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达。     

120例教师血液流变学观察分析

血液流变学的检测广泛应用于心脑血管病、外周血管病、血液系统病、代谢性疾病等的诊断、预防、治疗及群体普查。笔者对120例教师进行血液流变性检测观察 ,发现教师的血液黏度有显著增高 ,现将检测结果与分析报道如下。材料与方法1对象(1)本院120例参加体检的教师 ,其中男70例 ,年龄20～65岁 ,平均年龄35.3岁 ;女50例 ,年龄20～60岁 ,平均年龄34.5岁。(2)健康对照组117例 ,系我院健康体检者 ,无心脑血管病史、肝肾功能、血糖、血脂均正常 ,其中男65例 ,年龄19～64岁 ,平均年龄35.5岁 ;女52例 ,年龄20～61岁 ,平均年龄35.4岁。2方法早晨空腹…     

中国十一个少数民族的皮纹研究

<正> 本文是对多民族皮纹学研究,通过不同人群间相互比较分析,探索皮纹的遗传规律,并为研究人类微进化提供依据。用油量法分别印取指纹和掌纹样本,在放大镜下观测并纪录。观测分析主要根据Cnminns等人(1929)修订的方法以及国内通用方法和标     

Movement disorders in encephalitis induced by Rhodococcus aurantiacus infection relieved by the administration of L-dopa and anti-T-cell antibodies

Mice injected with Rhodococcus aurantiacus by the intravenous (i.v.) route show neurological disorders, hemiparesis, vertical headshake and turn-round gait after day 7 postinfection (p.i.). Neurological symptoms caused by i.v. inoculation of R. aurantiacus were relieved by treatment with levodopa (l-dopa). R. aurantiacus was isolated from the brain and was found to be completely eliminated at day 7 p. i. Focal encephalitis was mainly observed in the brain stem, and T cells could be isolated from the brain after day 7 p.i. Administration of both an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and an anti-CD8 mAb suppressed neurological symptoms. These results suggest that R. aurantiacus induces movement disorders in mice, and that the symptoms are mediated by T cells infiltrating the brain, rather than directly by the bacterium.