多普勒超声对支气管哮喘患者右心舒张功能的评价

支气管哮喘是呼吸系统的常见病、多发病 ,随着病情进展 ,严重时可导致肺循环压力增高 ,右心后负荷增加 ,最终右心及全心功能障碍。本文采用多普勒超声对 5 5例支气管哮喘患者右心舒张功能进行观察分析 ,报告如下。1　对象与方法1.1　对象　 5 5例支气管哮喘患者均为我院 1999年 1～ 12月住院病人。其中男 37例 ,女 18例 ,年龄 19～ 5 0 (平均 2 9.5 0± 9.7)岁。均经病史询问、体检、血生化、 X线检查、超声心动图及心电图检查确认并排除了心脏疾患引起的心源性哮喘。正常组 41例 ,男 2 7例 ,女 14例 ,年龄 18～ 48(平均2 8.4± 11.3)岁。1…     

高、低位肠瘘营养支持各1例报告

1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 病例1:患者,女,55岁,2010年10月因肝脓肿于大连医科大学附属第二医院普外三科行肝脏肿物部分切除术,术后病情逐渐恢复并带T管出院.2010年12月为拔除T管再次入院,入院后完善相关CT及肿瘤标记物等检查后,考虑患者右肝占位病变为原发性肿瘤.2011年1月15日全麻下行肝癌根治术,术后病理诊断:肝右叶原发性肝癌.术后1周患者恢复顺利,经口进流食,但术后第13天腹腔引流引出大量黄绿色液并混有食物残渣和气体,后完善上消化道造影及胃镜检查,证实为十二指肠降部瘘(图1①),瘘口约2 cm×2 cm,可清晰见T管及腹腔引流管各1枚.同日于胃镜下置入空肠营养管,营养管下端位于Treize韧带下25 cm处.     

小鼠肝再生时线粒体蛋白Mic60/OPA1与能量供应的关系

目的 探讨线粒体内膜蛋白Mic60和OPA1和小鼠肝切除术(partial hepatectomy,PH)后肝再生能量供应的关系.方法 SPF雄性C57/6J小鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、85％PH和90％PH组.85％PH组将小鼠肝脏只保留右上叶;90％PH组只保留尾叶;Sham组开腹暴露肝脏25 min后直接关...     

全氟辛烷磺酸对大鼠仔鼠学习记忆能力的影响

Objective To study the effects of prenatal and postnatal perfluorooetane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure on spatial learning and memory, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (NR2B) mRNA and protein level in frontal cortex and hippoeampus of rat pups and to explore the mechanism of developmental neurotoxicity induced by PFOS. Methods Twenty-eight pregnant mrs were randomly divided into three groups in proportion of 3: 2: 2,including control group (C), low dose group (L) and high dose group (H) by means of randomized number table, which respectively received 0,7.2, 14.4 mg/kg PFOS feed from pregnancy day 0 to postnatal day(PND)30 by free feedings. The animal models of prenatal and postnatal non-exposure (CC), prenatal exposure (LC and HC), postnatal exposure (CL and CH), and prenatal and postnatal exposure (LL and HH) to PFOS were established by cross-fostering method. The spatial learning and memory were measured by water maze experiment,the NR2B mRNA levels in frontal cortex of rat pups was determined with semi-quantitative RT-PCR, NR2B protein express in cerebral cortex (frontal and tempera]cortex) and hippocampus (CAI, CA3, CA4 and DG regions) of rat pups was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The escape latency of CL, CH, LL and HH groups pups in water maze experiment were (99. 83±25.77) s, (111.30±17. 82) s, (106. 40±18. 71) s, (107.70±16. 85) s, and longer as compared with CC group[(54.90±26.69)s](q value were 4.349,4.773,6.026 and 5.641, respectively,P<0. 01). The number of errors of HH group rat pups entering dead end was (22. 30±7.56) at the training day 4,and it was significantly higher than that of CC group (9. 80±4. 64) (q=5. 173,P<0. 01). The NR2B mRNA levels of frontal cortex of pups in HC group at PND1 ,and LC group, HC group and HH group at PND14 were (0. 167±0. 008), (0. 364±0. 035), (0. 341±0. 030) and (0. 328±0. 045) respectively,which were significantly lower than CC group (0.271±0.060) and (0.465±0.067) (q values were 3. 547, 3. 739, 4. 597 and 5. 006, respectively, P<0.05) . The results of immunohistochemistry indicated that NR2B protein express of the hippocampus CA1 region of pups in LC group was (0.091±0.005),and showed significant lower than CC group which was (0. 123±0.009) at PND1 (q=5. 209 ,P<0. 05). At PND14, the effect of PFOS extended to cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions. At PND28, the effects of PFOS were showed in hippocampus CA1, CA3 and temporal cortex regions. Conclusion Prenatal and postnatal exposure to PFOS should result in the spatial learning and memory damage,and the mechanism might be possibly involved in the decrease of NR2B level in cerebra lcortex and hippocampal formation regions.     

全氟辛烷磺酸对大鼠仔鼠学习记忆能力的影响

Objective To study the effects of prenatal and postnatal perfluorooetane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure on spatial learning and memory, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (NR2B) mRNA and protein level in frontal cortex and hippoeampus of rat pups and to explore the mechanism of developmental neurotoxicity induced by PFOS. Methods Twenty-eight pregnant mrs were randomly divided into three groups in proportion of 3: 2: 2,including control group (C), low dose group (L) and high dose group (H) by means of randomized number table, which respectively received 0,7.2, 14.4 mg/kg PFOS feed from pregnancy day 0 to postnatal day(PND)30 by free feedings. The animal models of prenatal and postnatal non-exposure (CC), prenatal exposure (LC and HC), postnatal exposure (CL and CH), and prenatal and postnatal exposure (LL and HH) to PFOS were established by cross-fostering method. The spatial learning and memory were measured by water maze experiment,the NR2B mRNA levels in frontal cortex of rat pups was determined with semi-quantitative RT-PCR, NR2B protein express in cerebral cortex (frontal and tempera]cortex) and hippocampus (CAI, CA3, CA4 and DG regions) of rat pups was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The escape latency of CL, CH, LL and HH groups pups in water maze experiment were (99. 83±25.77) s, (111.30±17. 82) s, (106. 40±18. 71) s, (107.70±16. 85) s, and longer as compared with CC group[(54.90±26.69)s](q value were 4.349,4.773,6.026 and 5.641, respectively,P<0. 01). The number of errors of HH group rat pups entering dead end was (22. 30±7.56) at the training day 4,and it was significantly higher than that of CC group (9. 80±4. 64) (q=5. 173,P<0. 01). The NR2B mRNA levels of frontal cortex of pups in HC group at PND1 ,and LC group, HC group and HH group at PND14 were (0. 167±0. 008), (0. 364±0. 035), (0. 341±0. 030) and (0. 328±0. 045) respectively,which were significantly lower than CC group (0.271±0.060) and (0.465±0.067) (q values were 3. 547, 3. 739, 4. 597 and 5. 006, respectively, P<0.05) . The results of immunohistochemistry indicated that NR2B protein express of the hippocampus CA1 region of pups in LC group was (0.091±0.005),and showed significant lower than CC group which was (0. 123±0.009) at PND1 (q=5. 209 ,P<0. 05). At PND14, the effect of PFOS extended to cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions. At PND28, the effects of PFOS were showed in hippocampus CA1, CA3 and temporal cortex regions. Conclusion Prenatal and postnatal exposure to PFOS should result in the spatial learning and memory damage,and the mechanism might be possibly involved in the decrease of NR2B level in cerebra lcortex and hippocampal formation regions.     

促甲状腺素光激化学发光免疫测定法的建立和初步应用

采用光激化学发光免疫测定法(LICA)技术建立促甲状腺素(TSH)快速定量检测方法。采用两株针对TSH不同表位的单克隆抗体,一株单抗包被发光微粒,另一株为生物素化单抗,两者与链亲和素包被的感光微粒一起构建双抗体夹心LICA。数据处理采用双对数函数处理程序。方法的灵敏度为0.015mIU/L;批内CV为2.5%～3.6%,批间CV为2.6%～4.4%;平均回收率为100.60%。与时间分辨荧光免疫分析法(TRFIA)比对,相关系数达0.9681;与TRFIA临床测定值呈明显相关;正常值范围为0.33～3.09mIU/L。本文建立的TSH光激化学发光免疫测定法是目前TSH检测中最快速灵敏的方法之一,该方法稳定性好,具有很好的应用前景。     

下颈椎骨折并脱位手术中 3D 打印导航 模板的有效性与安全性评价

〔摘 要〕 目的：探究 3D 打印导航模板在下颈椎骨折并脱位手术中的有效性及安全性。方法：2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 1 月,抽取 76 例河南大学第一附属医院收治的下颈椎骨折并脱位患者开展研究,所有患者均经计算机断层扫 描（CT）连续扫描,将所取的影像数据,导入至三维模型中,以 STL 导出,并在三维重建模式下,将椎弓根钉与模 板拟合,手术后,在影像学技术指导下,对螺钉的位置进行评估,同时统计并发症。结果：76 例患者,应用 3D 打印 导航模板后,共置入 360 枚螺钉。术后,X 线片结果显示颈椎骨折复位较好,生理曲度较好。术后 CT 检查,360 枚 椎弓根螺钉,均处于椎弓根内,且导航模板紧密贴合暴露的后颈部结构,具有良好的稳定性。且没有引起血管、脊髓、 神经等的压迫。术后 1 年,X 线片检查,显示骨折愈合良好,没有出现松动或是断钉现象。且所有螺钉置入顺利,没 有出现并发症。结论：在下颈椎骨折并脱位治疗中,3D 打印导航模板的应用,可以提高螺钉置入准确性,且无并发症, 安全性较高。     

减肥类保健食品中非法添加酚酞定性定量检测方法的研究

 目的建立减肥类保健食品中非法添加酚酞的液质联用鉴别法及高效液相色谱含量测定法。方法对减肥类保健食品中添加的酚酞以液相色谱分离,采用离子阱质谱进行定性鉴别,流动相为0.5%甲酸-乙腈(70∶30),离子化模式为ESI(+),阱内击碎电压为0.86V;然后采用反相液相色谱对酚酞进行定量,流动相为水-乙腈(70∶30),检测波长为230nm。结果该质谱条件下,酚酞产生[M+H]⁺分子离子峰,二级质谱的特征碎片离子明显。液相色谱定量法的线性范围为1.09～218mg·L^-1,平均回收率为99.57%。结论液质联用法定性准确、可靠;液相色谱含量测定方法简单、快速、重复性好。     

肌萎缩侧索硬化合并颈椎病43例的临床分析

目的探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)合并颈椎病的发病情况、发展速度、症状、体征、肌电图表现、影像学特点分析。方法对43例ALS患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 ALS在临床上隐袭起病居多,但也可呈亚急性起病。ALS的发展速度可能比以往认为的更快。典型ALS的临床诊断并不困难,但部分患者由于颈椎病的合并存在导致ALS的长期漏诊。EMG检查对ALS的确诊有重要意义。MRI检查对ALS合并颈椎病的诊断有一定的辅助意义。结论 ALS是临床上呈恶性经过的慢性变性疾病。最常见的合并症以及最易导致误诊的是颈椎病。EMG和MRI,检查分别对ALS的诊断有确诊和鉴别诊断意义。     

气相色谱法测定6种中药提取物中大孔吸附树脂有机残留物

 目的建立测定6种中药提取物中正己烷、苯、甲苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯、苯乙烯、1,2-二乙基苯和二乙烯苯共8种大孔吸附树脂有机残留物的方法。方法以聚乙二醇为固定相的毛细管色谱柱,氢火焰离子检测器,顶空进样方式,柱温:起始温度为60℃,程序升温起始温度为60℃,保持16 min,以每分钟20℃的升温速率升至200℃,保持2 min。结果8种成分分离良好,均有良好的线性范围,分别为正己烷1.386～46.2μg(r=0.997 5),苯0.474 9～15.83μg(r=0.999 6),甲苯1.488～49.6μg(r=0.999 3),对二甲苯1.477 8～49.26μg(r=0.999 1),邻二甲苯1.818 3～60.61μg(r=0.999 0),苯乙烯1.547 4～51.58μg(r=0.999 5),1,2-二乙基苯1.6206～54.02μg(r=0.998 1)和二乙烯苯1.377 35～45.912μg(r=0.999 6),最低检测限依次为0.21,0.07,0.22,0.22,0.27,0.23,0.24,0.24μg;6种中药提取物回收率测定结果满意。结论本方法简便、灵敏、准确,适用于不同中药提取物中大孔吸附树脂有机残留物的测定。