烧伤患者休克期尿量与足甲襞微循环灌流的相关性

存烧伤休克常用的临床监测指标中,尿量被认为是极灵敏的指标[1],因为在排除尿路梗阻和肾功能不全的情况下,尿量能准确反映肾脏的血液灌流情况,且能采用无创方法进行监测.但尿量应该维持在什么水平,烧伤学术界尚未达成统一认识.早期认为尿量大于30 mL/h即可,之后提出尿量应大丁或等于50 mL/h,近年来有学者认为应将尿量维持在大于或等于80,小于100 mL/h水平.本研究对烧伤休克期不同尿量水平时足甲襞微循环(FNM)指标进行观测,拟探讨尿量与外周组织微循环灌注的关系.     

严重烧伤后肾功能放免联检的临床研究

我们将５２例烧伤面积３０％以上的病人（平均烧伤面积５８．４±１８．８８）按四个时相期（休克、回收、感染、感染后期），进行了尿白蛋白（ＡＬｂ）、血清和尿β＿２－微球蛋白（β_２－ｍ）、免疫球蛋白Ｇ（ＩｇＧ）、粘蛋白（ＴＨＰ）肾功能放免七项动态系列联检１１０６次测定，结果提示伤后尿ＡＬｂ、ＩｇＧ、ＴＨＰ、血清和尿β＿２－ｍ均有明显升高，但血清ＩｇＧ下降。通过联检可以对肾功能损伤的部位、范围、程度、鉴别诊断及预后判断提供有价值的资料，并为测定烧伤后肾功能、滤膜通透性及肾小管功能提供了灵敏的指标     

氯胺酮对小儿甲襞微循环的影响

本文通过３４例小儿单纯氯胺酮麻醉时甲襞微循环观察，发现氯胺酮可引起小儿甲襞微循环紊乱，表现为毛细血管输入枝收缩，输出枝扩张，乳头下静脉丛扩张淤血，微血流速度减慢，红细胞聚集及管周围渗出等。提示在临床上应用氯胺酮对小儿麻醉时，应注意氨胺酮对微循环的影响，必要时可行甲襞微循环监测。     

正常人足与手甲襞微循环之异同

通过１２０例健康人足、手甲襞微循环对比检查，发现足甲襞微循环管袢排列、数目、长度、管径、形态、乳头等指标与手甲襞有显著差异（ｐ＜０．０１）。指出：足甲襞微循环有其自身特点，为足甲襞的临床应用提供客观指标。     

兔急性CO中毒的球结膜微循环观察

本文活体观察兔急性CO中毒后的球结膜微循环改变,结果发现中毒组动物95%视野模糊不清;细静脉明显扩张,管径为41.25±9.57μm;细动脉痉挛变细,管径为11.0士4.47μm.动静脉比值为1:4.57±0.13.同对照组比较,以上数据均有明显差异(P<0.01).并发现血流速度减慢,60%出现粒缓流,红细胞聚集出现率达100%.95%有水肿、渗出,20%有出血.经加权积分值比较正常组为0.51±0.80,中毒组11.07±8.17(P<0.01).本文并对CO中毒所致的微血管损害机理进行了探讨.     

肝脏微循环的研究进展

肝脏是机体新陈代谢最活跃的器官，而肝脏微循环是适于肝脏代谢的各类物质和信息进行交换的重要场所，肝脏微循环结构和功能的变化在很大程度上影响着肝脏功能。     

儿童足甲襞微循环综合定量评价方法的研究

目的探讨儿童足甲襞微循环(FNM)综合定量分析方法.方法将儿童FNM分为19项指标,根据各项指标在临床疾病中表现的病理生理意义和影响因素大小,确定每项指标的权值,再根据每项指标变化的不同程度给出相应的分值.根据加权积分法,分别计算出形态指标、流态指标、襻周状态指标积分值和总积分值.结果及结论应用加权积分法可对儿童FNM的状态进行综合评价,评价的效果尚需在临床应用过程中不断总结和验证.     

克赛灵治疗兔急性CO中毒微循环、血流动力学实验研究和临床疗效观察

本文采用吸入法制作兔急性CO中毒模型,观察克塞灵治疗后兔球结膜微循环及静脉采血检测血流动力学改变,并以生理盐水组进行对照。临床上对重症急性CO中毒患者系统治疗,通过监测微循环和血流动力学改变判断克赛灵对急性CO中毒患者的治疗效果。1材料与方法1．五药物克塞灵（注射用降纤酶）,三九药业有限公司生产。规格：SBU／支10BU／支。1．2仪器WX－753B微循环显微镜及XG－8型图象处理系统,LBY－N。型旋转式粘度仪,CO发生器（自行设计）。1．3资料及方法1．3．1动物分组与方法动物分组：健康新西兰家兔（北京市实验动物管理委…     

高压电烧伤家兔球结膜微循环变化和己酮可可碱干预作用

Objective To study the changes in bulbar conjunctiva microcirculation (BCM) and the therapeutic effect of Pentoxifylline on BCM disturbance after high-voltage electrical burn (HEB) in rabbits. Methods Forty-five rabbits were divided into control group (C) , electrical burn group (EB) , and Pentoxifylline treatment group (PT) according to random number table, with 15 rabbits in each group. Model of HEB was reproduced in rabbits from EB and PT groups with voltage regulator and experimental transformer. Rabbits in C group were sham injured with the same devices without electrification. Changes in BCM were observed with microcirculation microscope at 15 minutes before HEB and 5 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 8 hour (s) post HEB (PHM or PHH) , including: (1) morphology of microvessels, such as the descemibleness, diameters of arterioles, venules, and capillaries, the unevenness in caliber, and ischemic area; (2) dynamic changes in microvascular blood flow, such as blood flow speed in arterioles, venules, and capillaries, erythrocyte aggregation, and microthrombi formation; (3) condition of tissues surrounding microvessel, such as bleeding and exudation. Measurement data were processed with t test; enumeration data were processed with Fisher's exact test. Results (1) Morphology of microvessel: descernibleness of microvessels in EB and PT groups was decreased, but that of PT group was better than that of EB group. At PHM 5 , diameter of ar-terioles, venules and capillaries was respectively (7. 3 ± 2. 5) , (12. 3 ± 2. 4) , (3. 5 ± 0. 7) μm in EB group, all narrower than those of the control group [(14.6 ±3. 1) , (27.2±3.5), (9.0±1.4) μm, with t value respectively 5. 23 , 13. 66, 14. 04, P values all below 0. 05]. Diameters of the microvessels in PT group [(10. 2 ±3.8) , (21.5±3.1), (7. 1 ±1.2) μm] were larger than those in EB group (with t value respectively 2. 21 , 8. 99, 10. 18, P values all below 0. 05). Diameters of arterioles, venules and capillaries in EB and PT groups recovered to the before HEB size at PHH 1. From PHH 2 to 8, arterioles and capillaries decreased gradually in caliber, venules dilated gradually in EB and PT groups, but the changes in PT group were not obvious. Thickness of microvessel was observed uneven in EB group at PHM 5, which lasted until PHH 8. Ischemia of the tissue was observed in EB group at PHM 5, which improved at PHH 2. Situation in PT group was better. (2) Dynamic changes in microvascular blood flow; at PHM 5, blood flow speed in arterioles, venules and capillaries was respectively (202 ±53), (198 ± 44) , (46 ±12) μm/s in EB group, all slower than those of the control group [(544 ± 37) , (359 ± 32) , (220 ± 19) μm/s, with t value respectively 20.47, 11. 51, 30. 02, P values all below 0.05] , and those of PT group [(335 ± 42) , (260 ± 35), (119 ± 23) μm/s] were faster than those of EB group (with t value respectively 7. 55 , 4. 26, 14. 85, P values all below 0.05). Blood flow speed in EB and PT groups recovered to the before HEB level at PHH 1. From PHH 2 to 8, blood flow speed decreased gradually in EB and PT groups, but that of PT group was faster than that of EB group. Erythrocyte aggregation in venules and capillaries was observed in EB group at PHM 5, which eased up at PHH 1 , but aggregated at PHH 2, lasting until PHH 8. Obvious microthrombi were observed in EB group at PHH 2, which increased gradually. These changes were less obvious in PT group. (3) Condition of surrounding tissues of microvessel: in EB group, exudation was observed around microvessels at PHH 1, bleeding at PHH 2, with a worsening tendency. Changes in those in PT group were less obvious. Conclusions HEB causes disturbance in BCM, but it can be ameliorated by Pentoxifylline.     

高压电烧伤家兔皮肤微循环灌流量变化及己酮可可碱的干预作用

目的观察高压电对家兔皮肤微循环灌流量(MPD)的影响并探讨己酮可可碱(PTX)的干预作用。方法将45只家兔按完全随机设计方法分为对照组、电伤组和治疗组,每组15只。电伤组和治疗组家兔用调压器和实验变压器制成高压电烧伤模型,对照组家兔接相同装置但不通电,致假伤。用激光多普勒微循环图像仪检测3组家兔伤前5min、伤后5min、1h、2h、4h、8h皮肤MPD。检测部位为左前肢和右后肢创面皮肤、右前肢和左后肢正常皮肤。结果 (1)电伤组和治疗组伤后四肢正常皮肤及创面MPD均较电伤前下降。伤后5min,电伤组及治疗组右前肢皮肤MPD分别是(0.66±0.13)V、(1.62±0.27)V,左后肢皮肤MPD分别是(0.59±0.12)V、(1.50±0.23)V,均小于伤前的(3.21±0.22)V、(3.24±0.25)V、(3.06±0.24)V、(3.01±0.22)V,在伤后各时相点中下降的幅度最大,之后虽有所回升,但一直低于伤前;伤后5min,电伤组及治疗组左前肢创面MPD分别是(0.16±0.10)V、(0.17±0.13)V,左后肢创面MPD分别是(0.18±0.11)V、(0.19±0.11)V,均小于伤前的(3.19±0.27)V、(3.23±0.24)V、(3.09±0.22)V、(3.03±0.25)V,之后持续降低。(2)电伤组和治疗组组内左右肢体比较,伤后各时相点创面MPD均明显低于对侧皮肤MPD。(3)组间同肢体同时相点与对照组比较,电伤组伤后各时相点皮肤和创面MPD均低于对照组;治疗组变化同电伤组。(4)组间同肢体同时相点治疗组与电伤组比较,治疗组伤后各时相点皮肤MPD高于电伤组;而创面MPD与电伤组差异无统计学意义。结论高压电烧伤导致家兔远隔皮肤及创面皮肤MPD下降,PTX可提高电伤后远隔皮肤MPD,对创面MPD无明显作用。