地塞米松对脑损伤大鼠核转录因子-κB水平的影响

Objective To explore the effects of dexamethasone on nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) expression in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: dexamethasone treatment and no treatment, and severe brain injury was produced by gas percussion in both groups. At 0, 6, 24, 72 and 120 hours after injury, 5 rats of each group were executed and the histopathological changes in brain tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The expression of NF-κB in brain tissue of rats was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results NF-κB expression was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours in brain tissue of rats after TBI (P<0.05), reaching the highest level at 24 hours (P<0. 01). It showed a tendency to lower, but was still high at 120 hours after TBI (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After treatment with dexamethasone, NF-κB level was lowered at 6, 24 and 72 hours (all P<0. 01). Conclusion NF-κB expression is up-regulated in brain tissue in early period after TBI, and keeps on a high level, thus inducing inflammatory response to produce secondary injury to brain tissue. Dexamethasone shows protective effects by regulating the levels of NF-κB and prevents secondary injury which is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissue after TBI.     

心理护理干预对初产妇分娩方式的影响

目的调查心理护理干预对初产妇分娩方式选择的影响。方法2004年3月～2005年3月将100例初产妇随机分为对照组与干预组各50例,对照组采用常规健康教育,干预组实施心理干预,并调查两组干预前后孕妇心理状况及对分娩自信心状态的情况。结果干预前两组焦虑、抑郁状态均高于正常,对自然分娩自信心状态低于正常;干预后干预组焦虑、抑郁及选择剖宫产分娩率均低于对照组,对自然分娩自信心提高。结论通过对初产妇实施心理护理及分娩教育,可以减轻孕妇焦虑、抑郁情绪,增强其对自然分娩的自信心,促进孕产妇身心健康,有效降低剖宫产率,促进顺产分娩率,提高产科质量。     

地塞米松对脑损伤大鼠核转录因子-κB水平的影响

Objective To explore the effects of dexamethasone on nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) expression in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: dexamethasone treatment and no treatment, and severe brain injury was produced by gas percussion in both groups. At 0, 6, 24, 72 and 120 hours after injury, 5 rats of each group were executed and the histopathological changes in brain tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The expression of NF-κB in brain tissue of rats was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results NF-κB expression was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours in brain tissue of rats after TBI (P<0.05), reaching the highest level at 24 hours (P<0. 01). It showed a tendency to lower, but was still high at 120 hours after TBI (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After treatment with dexamethasone, NF-κB level was lowered at 6, 24 and 72 hours (all P<0. 01). Conclusion NF-κB expression is up-regulated in brain tissue in early period after TBI, and keeps on a high level, thus inducing inflammatory response to produce secondary injury to brain tissue. Dexamethasone shows protective effects by regulating the levels of NF-κB and prevents secondary injury which is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissue after TBI.     

乳房按摩对提高母乳喂养率的临床效果观察

目的 观察乳房按摩对母乳喂养率的影响.方法 将208例产妇随机分为观察组105例,健康对照组103例,观察组进行4个月以上的乳房按摩,健康对照组仅进行一般的产后健康教育,两组均于产后6个月电话随访,评价乳房按摩的效果.结果 观察组有103例产妇可坚持乳房按摩,其纯母乳喂养率达80.95%,而健康对照组纯母乳喂养率为60.19%.结论 乳房按摩方法 简单,产妇依从性好,有利于乳汁分泌,可以有效提高母乳喂养率.     

立体定向多靶点精确定位毁损术治疗难治性精神病33例

目的：观察脑立体定向技术和多靶点组合毁损对难治性精神病的治疗效果。方法：对33例难治性精神病患者先后采用脑室造影定位、CT定位立体定向技术对颅内杏仁核、内囊前肢、隔区、扣带回、红核前区等部位进行多靶点组合射频热凝治疗。应用简明精神病评定量表、社会功能量表、韦氏智力量表、临床记忆量表对治疗效果进行评定，并随访患者6个月～1年，总疗效按1990年全国精神外科协作组制定的疗效评定标准进行5级评价。结果：脑室造影定位，2组靶点的联合毁损18例中恢复6例，显著进步4例，进步4例，无效3例，恶化1例，有效率77.8％。CT定位4组靶点的联合毁损15例中恢复10例，显著进步2例，进步2例，无效1例，有效率93．3％。本组总有效率84．8％。结论：多靶点组合的立体定向技术是难治性精神病的有效方法之一，CT定位可提高亚核团的定位精确度．多靶点组合毁损治疗难治性精神病，可以避免某一靶点局部的过度毁损而导致的相应并发症     

全程责任制陪伴分娩效果探讨

目的 探讨全程责任制陪伴分娩的临床效果.方法 采用分组对比的方法,收集2008年由助产士全程责任制陪伴分娩的产妇650例为观察组;1997年采用传统模式分娩产妇650例为对照组.两组产妇产程、分娩方式、产后出血、新生儿Apgar评分及满意度等进行比较.结果 观察组产程缩短,产妇手术产率、产后出血、胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息率明显下降(P<0.01),产妇满意度显著提高.结论 全程责任制陪伴分娩加强了医患间的沟通与信任,提高了产科医疗及服务质量,便于临床推广.     

不同卧位对重症监护患者局部压力影响的研究

重症监护患者常有循环障碍、姿势固定、营养不良、贫血、水肿、应用血管活性药物,加上意识不清、焦虑、精神失常、多汗、大小便失禁以及局部皮肤的摩擦和剪切作用等而很容易发生压疮.     

大规模救灾演练对紧急医学救援的启示

对2012年5月11日在成都、绵阳、德阳i地同步组织举行的全国最大规模的“防灾救灾联合演练”背景和内容进行同顾分析,并就大规模救灾演练在应对突发性灾害或大型公共事件紧急医疗救援工作中的指导意义进行总结,阐述了应急演练对医疗救援的启示：通过建立以政府为主导、多部门联动、多医疗机构协同的救援机制,选拔和培养具有全科素质的救援队员,及发挥现 代信息技术在救援现场的作用有助于救援工作的高效开展。