18. Arteriographische Abklärung vasculärer Fehlbildungen im Bereich des Aortenbogens

Zusammenfassung Verlaufs- und Lageanomalien des Aortenbogens sowie Abgangsvarianten seiner Äste können infolge Einengung von Trachea und/oder Oesophagus klinisch bedeutungsvoll werden. Die häufigsten Typen derartiger Fehl bildungen, die vor allem im Säuglingsalter beobachtet werden, werden in ihrer klinischen und röntgenologischen Symptomatik anhand von Beispielen dargestellt. Die präoperative aortographische Abklärung - auf die verschiedenen Untersuchungstechniken wird hingewiesen — ermöglicht ein gezieltes und sicheres chirurgisches Vorgehen.

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Summary Anomalies of the course and the position of the aortic arch and variants of the origins of its branches may become clinically important on account of narrowing of the trachea and of the esophagus. Examples of the most common types of these deformities, mainly observed in babies, are presented with their clinical and radiological symptomatology. Preoperative aortographic elucidation (the different examination procedures are discussed) makes for safe and purposive surgery.

     

Essential fatty acid deficiency: A condition to discriminate prostaglandin and non-prostaglandin mediated components of inflammation

The carrageenin induced hind paw inflammation is partially suppressed in essential fatty acid deficient (EFAD) rats, but prostaglandin E₁ produces larger paw oedema in EFAD rats than in normal ones. Arachidonic acid restores in EFAD rats the suppressed carrageenin inflammation. Shortage of prostaglandin-precursor is the underlying mechanism of reduced carrageenin inflammation in EFAD rats, while the prostaglandin-synthesizing capacity remains unimpaired. BPP_9a, a bradykinin potentiating peptide, enhances the carrageenin inflammation in EFAD and control rats equally. The kinin-mediated component of tissue injury is unaltered in EFAD animals, in which the prostaglandin-phase of inflammation is selectively suppressed. Indomethacin does not further reduce in EFAD rats that particular phase of inflammation where prostaglandins are abolished due to precursor shortage. In the preceding period indomethacin exerts partial suppression of inflammation even in EFAD rats. The latter finding supports the view that inhibition of prostaglandin-biosynthesis does not fully explain the antiinflammatory effect of indomethacin.     

Serumproteinbindung von ACTH

Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe von Saccharosedichtegradientenzentrifugation wurde die Bindung von tritiummarkiertem und nichtmarkiertem ^1–23-Corticotropin gezeigt. Es handelt sich um eine Bindung an Albumin.

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Summary Binding of³H-labelled and/or unlabelled ^1–23-corticotropin to serumproteins resp. albumin was shown by sucrose density gradient centrifugation.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft und der Stiftung Volkswagenwerk (K. v. W.).     

125. Neue Aspekte zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Magensarkome

ZusammenfaBung Diagnostisches und therapeutisches Vorgehen wird anhand von 39 Magensarkomen (3,7% aller malignen Magentumoren) dargestellt. Wichtig ist die Unterscheidung zwischen Leiomyosarkom, Neurosarkom und malignem Lymphom. Bei der ersten Gruppe ist die Operation die Methode der Wahl. Beim malignen Lypmphom hängt die Therapie davon ab, ob die Veränderung primär oder sekundär den Magen befallen hat. Bei fehlender Generalisierung ist die Resektion und Nachbestrahlung indiziert, andernfalls ist Bestrahlung und Chemotherapie anzuwenden. Im Vergleich zum Magencarcinom sind die überlebensraten günstiger.     

Pharmacokinetics of remoxipride controlled release and immediate release capsules in schizophrenic patients

Single dose and steady-state pharmacokinetics of remoxipride, a new antipsychotic drug, were compared after administration of a controlled release capsule (CR) and an immediate release capsule (IR), both 200 mg and administered b.i.d. Thirteen patients with chronic schizophrenia entered the double-blind 6-week crossover study. Seven were evaluable for investigation of steady-state pharmacokinetics. Fluctuations in plasma remoxipride concentrations decreased considerably after remoxipride CR compared with the IR formulation. The plasma peak concentrations were significantly decreased and the trough values were increased after the CR formulation, although the average concentrations at steady-state were similar. The two formulations were bioequivalent regarding the amount of remoxipride absorbed after repeated dosing. Five out of 13 patients withdrew prematurely from the study because of ineffectiveness or refusal of treatment. Both formulations were well tolerated.     

Tierexperimentelle Untersuchungen der Magendurchblutung

After mobilisation of the stomach for high anastomosis between esophagus and stomach, gastric blood flow is maintained by only one gastric artery. Total and regional gastric blood flows are measured in 13 dogs using the microspheres method after ligation of three main gastric arteries. In any part of the stomach blood flow does not decline below 40% of the initial blood flow. Blood flow to mucosa of corpus and fundus is hardly reduced even after this drastic reduction of total gastric blood flow. Blood flow in the muscle layer of the fundus is reduced to about 38% if supplied only by the right gastroepiploic artery. Different operative procedures of replacements of the esophagus are discussed.