慢性鼻窦炎患儿家长疾病知识认知度调查

目的了解鼻窦炎患儿家长对儿童鼻窦炎相关知识的认知情况,为进一步加强卫生宣教、预防儿童鼻窦炎提供理论依据。方法对65名鼻窦炎患儿家长进行关于儿童鼻窦炎发病因素、临床表现、并发症以及对儿童生长发育影响等问题的问卷调查。结果调查显示95.4%的家长对儿童鼻窦炎知识缺乏了解,且知识获得途径单一。结论应通过各种途径加强儿童鼻窦炎知识的宣教,积极预防儿童鼻窦炎。     

无精子及严重少精子症的遗传学缺陷分析

目的 探讨遗传缺陷在无精子、严重少精子症中的检测意义。方法 采用细胞遗传学技术及多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术对65例无精子及严重少精子症患者进行染色体核型分析、Y染色体无精子因子(AZF)检测，同时行精索输精管诊察，阴性者行精液果糖定量实验。结果 染色体核型异常8例(12．3％)，AZF因子缺失7例(10．8％)，输精管缺如2例(3.1％)。结论 遗传学检测在男性无精子、严重少精子症有重要意义。     

Surgical outcomes of partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: A joint study by the Japanese Society of Renal Cancer

OBJECTIVE: A joint study was undertaken by the Japanese Society of Renal Cancer to investigate the present status of partial nephrectomy in Japan and to speculate about what may be the indications for partial nephrectomy in patients with renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: Data were tabulated for 469 patients from participating medical institutions and various clinical factors were investigated with regard to disease progression (local recurrence and distant metastasis). RESULTS: Disease progression was observed in 21 patients (4.5%). No significant relation to disease progression was observed for sex, laterality, tumor histology, grade and tumor size. Although patients with solitary tumors displayed excellent prognosis irrespective of tumor diameter, patients with multiple tumors displayed a high likelihood of disease progression. Patients older than 77 years old and patients with imperative indication were found to have a poorer prognosis. CONCLUSION: In patients with solitary tumors, partial nephrectomy can be actively performed, even if the patient displays elective indications and the tumor is >4 cm in diameter. In patients displaying multiple tumors with imperative indications, the decision whether to perform partial nephrectomy should be made by the patients and their physicians after considering the impact on curability and the quality of life.     

教育在以病人为中心整体护理中的作用

以病人为中心的整体护理是当代护理科学发展的必然趋势。为了适应这一形势，必须充分发挥教育在整体护理中的作用，进行护理教育的改革。改革传统中专护理教育体制，延长学制，增设有关课程；强化护理人员全日制教育；加强护理人员思想政治、职业道德和敬业精神教育，在护理人员中增强整体护理观念，以适应医学模式的转变。     

57例小儿肺炎患者T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞观察

为了检测肺炎患儿的免疫功能,用 APAAP 法对57例反复患支气管肺炎的患儿进行 T 淋巴细胞亚群及 NK 细胞检测,结果 CD_3~+53.20±7.64%(对照组:62.50±9.65%),CD_4~+34.2±4.36%(对照组:38.64±4.05%),CD_8~+32.50±6.39%(对照组:26.70±4.23%)。CD_4~+/CD_8~+比值1.05±0.14(对照组:1.45±0.11),NK 细胞8.30±2.40%(对照组:6.44±3.37%)。结果证明,患儿 T 细胞亚群与对照组比较差异有显著(P<0.01),NK 细胞差异无显著性(P>0.05)。     

慢性肺心病左心功能探讨

通过42例重型肺心病、7例轻型肺心病、16例肺心病伴发冠心病患者和30例正常人在静息状态下的左右心脏射血分数及其临床资料的分析表明,重型肺心病患者在病情的急性发作期,存在有不同程度的左心功能不全,而轻型肺心病患者则无左心功能不全的表现。表明慢性肺心病仅在病程晚期,才由以右心为主的疾病发展成为全心病。本文还对重型肺心病与肺心病伴发冠心病患者的左心功能进行比较,结果表明,肺心病伴发冠心病患者左室功能受损程度更为明显,双重病因导致的左室功能减退,常造成心肌更严重的损害而且不容易恢复。     

新疆拜城县重病区与中病区内外环境无机元素含量的调查

本文于１９９３年４月调查了新疆拜城县重病区查尔齐农场中与中病区赛里木乡的饮水，土壤，粮食，学龄儿童头发中Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｃａ，Ｌｉ，Ｓｅ６种元素无机元素的含量。结果表明，重病区小麦中Ｃａ的含量显著高于中病区（Ｐ〈０．０５），重病区饮水及小麦中Ｍｎ的含量显著低于中病区（Ｐ〈０．０５）。这些结果揭示重病区查尔齐与中病区赛里木乡的病情相比较，除缺碘较为严重这一主要原因之外，高Ｃａ，低Ｍｎ也可能与查尔齐