Risk factors of perioperative complications and management with enhanced recovery after primary surgery in women with epithelial ovarian carcinoma in a single center

The present study aimed to evaluate the postoperative complications and the impact of an enhanced recovery programme in patients who underwent primary surgery (including extensive upper abdominal surgery) for epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). All patients with stage I–IV ovarian carcinoma who underwent primary surgery were identified, and postoperative complications were evaluated and graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Of 161 patients, 46 (28.57%) underwent surgical staging, 27 (16.77%) standard cytoreduction, 12 (7.45%) en bloc debulking and 76 (47.20%) extraradical debulking. A total of 157 patients (97.52%) achieved optimal tumor reduction (<1 cm). The mean postoperative hospitalization time was 17.33±11.29 days after completion of the initial postoperative chemotherapy (IPC), and the IPC interval was 16.22±10.09 days. A total of 13 patients (8.07%) had grade 3 complications (9 with wound dehiscence, 3 with digestive tract leakage and 1 with a bladder fistula). A total of 2 patients (1.24%) had grade 4–5 complications [1 patient with severe pneumonia returned to the intensive care unit (ICU) for tracheotomy and respiration rehabilitation; the other patient died of septicemia on day 19]. The multivariate analysis of the preoperative factors revealed that a human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) level of ≥717 pM (P=0.015) and Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IV (P=0.004; compared with stage IIIC) were associated with grade 3–5 complications. The bootstrap analysis revealed that a cancer antigen 125 (CA125) level of ≥1,012 U/ml (P=0.034), a HE4 level of ≥717 pM (P=0.007) and FIGO stage IV (P=0.002; compared with stage IIIC) were significantly associated with grade 3–5 complications. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis of the postoperative factors did not reveal any risk factors associated with grade 3–5 complications; the bootstrap analysis revealed that only transfer to the ICU after surgery (P=0.026) was significantly associated with grade 3–5 complications. In conclusion, the study found that application of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols is feasible in patients with EOC, especially in those undergoing advanced extensive upper abdominal surgery, and CA125, HE4 and FIGO stage IV were related with the occurrence of adverse perioperative outcomes.     

葛根研究进展

葛根为豆科植物野葛或干葛藤的干燥根,干葛藤又可称为粉葛。葛根为常用中药,始载于《神农本草经》,被列为中品。具有发表解肌、开阳透疹、解热生津等作用,对心血管系统、免疫系统等疾病有较好的治疗效果。本文就其在药代动力学、药理作用、药剂学及不良反应等方面的近期研究进展作一概述。     

IL‐27 improves adoptive CD8+ T cells’ antitumor activity via enhancing cell survival and memory T cell differentiation

IL‐27 is an anti‐inflammatory cytokine that triggers enhanced antitumor immunity, particularly cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. In the present study, we sought to develop IL‐27 into a therapeutic adjutant for adoptive T cell therapy using our well‐established models. We have found that IL‐27 directly improved the survival status and cytotoxicity of adoptive OT‐1 CD8⁺ T cells in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, IL‐27 treatment programs memory T cell differentiation in CD8⁺ T cells, characterized by upregulation of genes associated with T cell memory differentiation (T‐bet, Eomes, Blimp1, and Ly6C). Additionally, we engineered the adoptive OT‐1 CD8⁺ T cells to deliver IL‐27. In mice, the established tumors treated with OT‐1 CD8⁺ T‐IL‐27 were completely rejected, which demonstrated that IL‐27 delivered via tumor antigen–specific T cells enhances adoptive T cells’ cancer immunity. To our knowledge, this is the first application of CD8⁺ T cells as a vehicle to deliver IL‐27 to treat tumors. Thus, this study demonstrates IL‐27 is a feasible approach for enhancing CD8⁺ T cells’ antitumor immunity and can be used as a therapeutic adjutant for T cell adoptive transfer to treat cancer.     

Development and Primary Application of an Indirect ELISA Based on Rep Protein to Analyze Antibodies against Porcine Cocirvirus-like Virus (PCLV)

Porcine circovirus-like virus (PCLV) is a member of circovirus that contains a single-strand DNA genome, which may be one of the pathogens that causes diarrheal symptoms in pigs. The Rep protein encoded by the genome of PCLV may be responsible for viral genome replication. The development of serological detection methods for PCLV is of great necessity for clinical diagnosis, as well as epidemiological investigations. Therefore, this study attempted to build an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine antibodies against PCLV based on the His-tagged recombinant Rep protein. Full-length PCLV Rep protein was induced and expressed in E. coli and was purified as an antigen to establish an ELISA detection kit. The purified Rep protein was used to inject into mice to produce specific antibodies. There was no cross-reaction of Rep-based ELISA with antisera against other porcine viruses. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient variations (CVs) were 0.644–8.211% and 0.859–7.246%, respectively, indicating good repeatability. The non-cross-reaction with TGEV, PRRSV and PCV2 testing showed high sensitivity and high specificity for this ELISA assay. A total of 1593 serum samples collected from different pig farms in Jiangxi Province were tested for anti-PCLV Rep antibodies, and 284 (17.83%) of the 1593 samples were Rep antibody positive. Altogether, the indirect ELISA detection tool developed in this study could be applied to examine serum of PCLV antibodies with good repeatability, high sensitivity and high specificity. In addition, field sample detection results suggested that the PCLV antibody has a low prevalence in pig populations in Jiangxi Province of China.     

法舒地尔对脓毒症所致急性肺损伤及肺组织中HMGB1表达的影响

目的观察法舒地尔对小鼠脓毒症所致急性肺损伤的影响及其使用与否对肺组织中HMGB1表达量的影响。方法将48只BALB-C小鼠随机分为对照组、盲肠结扎穿刺（CLP）组、法舒地尔预处理组,在6、24 h时间点取血、肺泡灌洗液及鼠肺用于结果分析。结果在6、24 h时间点,法舒地尔可以显著降低CLP所致的小鼠血清中TNF-α及HMGB1和肺泡灌洗液中蛋白浓度的增加。除此之外,法舒地尔预处理还可以逆转CLP诱导的小鼠肺组织病理形态改变。同时,法舒地尔能减少CLP所致小鼠肺组织中HMGB1 mRNA表达量的增加。结论法舒地尔能减轻CLP小鼠所致的肺损伤并降低肺组织中HMGB1的表达。     

Proviewer一次性使用软组织阻隔装置在颅内手术操作有效性及安全性的随机对照临床研究

目的评价Proviewer一次性使用软组织阻隔装置在颅内手术操作过程中的有效性和安全性,为推广应用提供科学依据。方法采用前瞻性随机对照的临床研究方法,以应用Proviewer一次性使用软组织阻隔装置为试验组,以传统脑压板手术为对照,比较两组手术间临床疗效及手术安全性的差异。结果从2011年06月至2011年12月,共有19例患者纳入全分析集(FAS),其中试验组10例,对照组9例。因为年龄违反入选标准而排除2例,故符合方案集(PPS)共有17例,其中试验组9例,对照组8例。纳入安全性分析集的19例,其中试验组10例,对照组9例。以临床效果综合计分作为主要疗效指标。试验组和对照组比较,在FAS和PPS的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验组优于对照组。进一步对视野观察计分和主述性观察计分指标进行比较,表现出相同的结果,即在FAS和PPS的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验组优于对照组。以不良事件作为安全性评价指标。试验组共出现1人(10.00%),对照组共出现1人(11.11%)。两组不良事件发生率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有不良事件均与治疗器械无关,且在病人出院前消除。结论Proviewer一次性使用软组织阻隔装置与传统脑压板相比,在颅内手术操作过程中能为手术者提供更好的观察视野、便利的手术操作,减少术中出血量;且未产生与医疗器械有关的不良反应,有较高的临床应用价值,值得临床推广使用。     

中性粒细胞相关载脂蛋白表达与胃癌进展、转移及预后的关系

目的:探讨中性粒细胞相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)在胃癌组织中的表达及与胃癌进展、转移及预后的关系.方法:应用免疫组化法检测NGAL在102例胃癌、32例正常胃组织中的表达,分析其与胃癌临床病理特征及预后的关系.结果:NGAL在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为56.9%,明显高于在正常胃组织中的21.9%(χ2>=11.938,P<0.01),不同胃癌组织学分型患者NGAL阳性表达差异有统计学意义(χ=10.180,P<0.05),胃癌患者NGAL表达与浆膜侵犯、TNM分期、淋巴结转移以及T分期呈正相关(r,分别为0.307、0.211、0.220、0.201,P<0.05或P<0.01). NGAL表达阳性组和阴性组5年累积生存率分别为24.3%和43.7%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.018).结论:NGAL在胃癌中表达上调,与胃癌进展和淋巴结转移显著相关,提示预后不良,可作为评价胃癌预后新的生物学指标.     

大鼠肠道菌群对长梗冬青苷体外代谢的影响

摘 要 目的：探究体外孵育的大鼠肠道菌群对长梗冬青苷的代谢转化规律。方法: 将长梗冬青苷与大鼠肠道菌群在厌氧条件下共孵育,分别于0,4,8,12,24,48 h时取样,经乙酸乙酯萃取后采用HPLC法进行定性和定量分析。结果: 在与大鼠肠道菌群共孵育48 h后,90.8%的长梗冬青苷被代谢转化为M₂,M₂与铁冬青酸对照品通过HPLC分析时色谱行为一致,故确定M₂为铁冬青酸。结论:长梗冬青苷可以被体外孵育的大鼠肠道菌群代谢转化为铁冬青酸。     

上皮-间质转化在肺纤维化中的研究进展

肺纤维化是众多肺部疾病的最终表现结果,其形成过程十分复杂,发生的机制也尚未完全阐明。目前的研究发现,上皮-间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT）是肺纤维化发病机制中的一个关键步骤。转化生长因子-β、Notch和Wingless-type信号通路是普遍认可的介导调控EMT的信号通路。微小核糖核酸及内质网应激等在EMT过程中发挥重要作用。充分认识EMT在肺纤维化发生发展中的作用,有助于寻找治疗肺纤维化的新方法和新药物。本文就近年来国内外学者对EMT在肺纤维化中的研究新进展进行综述。     

腹腔镜手术治疗小儿腰疝的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜手术在治疗小儿腰疝治疗中的安全性、可行性及优越性。方法本组9例小儿腰疝患儿,男4例,女5例;年龄1岁6个月至10岁,平均年龄4岁;7例发生于腰下三角,2例发生于腰上三角。6例发生于左侧腰部,3例发生于右侧腰部。均采用腹腔镜微创手术,行腹腔镜下腰疝修补术。结果本组9例患儿均成功完成腹腔镜手术,手术顺利,无术中大出血、无术中及术后输血、无意外损伤及围手术期死亡病例发生。手术效果好,治愈出院。平均住院时间5 d。术后随访1~8年,无明显远、近期并发症发生。结论腹腔镜手术是治疗小儿腰疝的安全、可靠的方法,具有创伤小,恢复快,美容效果满意等优势,值得临床推广。