全文获取类型
收费全文 | 120842篇 |
免费 | 7282篇 |
国内免费 | 699篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1191篇 |
儿科学 | 3966篇 |
妇产科学 | 2795篇 |
基础医学 | 17242篇 |
口腔科学 | 4151篇 |
临床医学 | 11563篇 |
内科学 | 27225篇 |
皮肤病学 | 3099篇 |
神经病学 | 11826篇 |
特种医学 | 2807篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 10666篇 |
综合类 | 486篇 |
一般理论 | 56篇 |
预防医学 | 12200篇 |
眼科学 | 1976篇 |
药学 | 8483篇 |
中国医学 | 459篇 |
肿瘤学 | 8631篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 91篇 |
2023年 | 1070篇 |
2022年 | 1996篇 |
2021年 | 4074篇 |
2020年 | 2535篇 |
2019年 | 3481篇 |
2018年 | 3983篇 |
2017年 | 2967篇 |
2016年 | 3472篇 |
2015年 | 3831篇 |
2014年 | 5097篇 |
2013年 | 6633篇 |
2012年 | 10135篇 |
2011年 | 10562篇 |
2010年 | 5701篇 |
2009年 | 4874篇 |
2008年 | 8416篇 |
2007年 | 8387篇 |
2006年 | 7757篇 |
2005年 | 7295篇 |
2004年 | 6526篇 |
2003年 | 5884篇 |
2002年 | 5297篇 |
2001年 | 608篇 |
2000年 | 431篇 |
1999年 | 685篇 |
1998年 | 918篇 |
1997年 | 760篇 |
1996年 | 656篇 |
1995年 | 535篇 |
1994年 | 491篇 |
1993年 | 430篇 |
1992年 | 333篇 |
1991年 | 219篇 |
1990年 | 219篇 |
1989年 | 210篇 |
1988年 | 189篇 |
1987年 | 161篇 |
1986年 | 184篇 |
1985年 | 139篇 |
1984年 | 157篇 |
1983年 | 154篇 |
1982年 | 180篇 |
1981年 | 144篇 |
1980年 | 153篇 |
1979年 | 86篇 |
1978年 | 88篇 |
1977年 | 79篇 |
1976年 | 70篇 |
1974年 | 61篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 968 毫秒
991.
María Jesús Fernández Aceñero MD PhD Cristina Díaz del Arco CDdA MD Carme Dinarés CD MD PhD Tania Labiano TL MD Eva Tejerina ET MD PhD Mª José Bernabé MJ B MD Elena Forcen EF MD Melchor Saiz-Pardo MSP MD Pablo Pérez PP MD Maria D. Lozano MDL MD PhD 《Diagnostic cytopathology》2023,51(1):26-35
Lung carcinoma remains one of the most frequent and aggressive human neoplasms. Fortunately, in the last decades, the increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms leading to cancer development has allowed the use of targeted therapies with improvement of prognosis in many patients. Clinical management has also changed after the introduction of endobronchialultrasonographic bronchoscopy that allows a conservative staging of lung tumors, avoiding the need of mediastinoscopy for lymph node staging. Lung pathologists and cytopathologists are facing the challenge of giving the more comprehensive prognostic and predictive information with ever smaller tissue or cytological samples. The aim of this review is to summarize the molecular testing for non-small cell lung carcinoma and how pathologists can contribute to the patient's outcome with a conscious management of biological samples. 相似文献
992.
Orlando Jorge M. Torres Fabricio Ferreira Coelho Antonio Nocchi Kalil Marcos Belotto Eduardo José B Ramos Angelica Maria Lucchese José Maria A Moraes-Junior Paulo Cezar G Amaral Gilton Marques Fonseca Paulo Herman 《Asian journal of surgery / Asian Surgical Association》2021,44(3):553-559
BackgroundIntrahepatic lithiasis (IHL) is a rare disease in the western world. Complications associated with IHL include acute cholangitis, liver atrophy, secondary biliary cirrhosis, and risk for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Liver resection is considered the treatment of choice for IHL. The objective of this study was to analyze patients who underwent liver resection for non-Asian hepatolithiasis.Methods127 patients with symptomatic non-Asian hepatolithiasis underwent resection in six institutions. Demographic data, clinical presentation, diagnosis, classification according to stone location, presence of atrophy, bile duct stricture, biliary cirrhosis, incidence of cholangiocarcinoma, treatment and postoperative course were evaluated.Results52 patients (40.9%) were male and the mean age was 46.1 years. Sixty-six patients (51.9%) presented with history of cholangitis. Stones were located in the left lobe in 63 (49.6%), and right lobe in 28 patients (22.0%). Atrophy was observed in 31 patients (24.4%) and biliary stenosis in 18 patients (14.1%). The most common procedure performed was left lateral sectionectomy in 63 (49.6%) patients, followed by left hepatectomy in 36 (28.3%), right hepatectomy in 19 (15.0%), and associated hepaticojejunostomy in 28 (22.0%). Forty-two patients (33.0%) presented postoperative complications and the most common were biliary fistula (13.3%) and surgical site infection (7.0%). Postoperative mortality was 0.7%. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was observed in 2 patients (1.5%). Recurrence was identified in 10 patients (7.8%), mostly with bilateral stones and/or hepaticojejunostomy.ConclusionLiver resection is the standard treatment for symptomatic unilateral or complicated IHL with good operative results. Risk of cholangiocarcinoma was low in non-Asian patients. 相似文献
993.
994.
995.
Leticia Faria Serpa Margarita Maria Ortiz Anne Chaves Lima Línea Bueno Paula Cristina Nogueira Cleusa Ferri Vera Lucia Conceio De Gouveia Santos 《Wound repair and regeneration》2021,29(1):79-86
This study aimed to estimate the incidence of hospital‐acquired pressure injury (PI) and its risk factors in inpatient and intensive care units of five hospitals (two public and three private) in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. A 6‐month follow‐up prospective cohort study (n = 1937) was conducted from April to September 2013. Baseline and follow‐up measurements included demographic and care information, as well as risk assessments for both undernutrition (NRS‐2002) and PI (Braden scale). Poisson regression with robust variance was used for data analysis. A total of 633 patients (32.60%) showed risk for PI. The incidence rate of PI was of 5.9% (9.9% in public hospitals vs 4.1% in private hospitals) and was higher in intensive care units, compared to inpatient care units (10% vs 5.7%, respectively). Risk for PI increased with age (RR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.04‐1.07); was higher in in public hospitals, compared to private hospitals (RR = 4.39; 95% CI 2.92‐6.61); in patients admitted for non‐surgical reasons compared to those admitted for surgical reasons (RR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.12‐3.27); in patients with longer hospital stays (RR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.03‐1.06); high blood pressure (RR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.17‐2.64); or had a risk for undernutrition (RR = 3.51; 95% CI 1.71‐7.24). Higher scores in the Braden scale was associated with a decreased risk of PI (RR = 0.79; 95% CI 0.75‐0.83). The results of our study indicate that 5.9% of all patients developed PI and that the most important factors that nurses should consider are: patient age, care setting, length of hospitalization, comorbidities, reason for admission and nutrition when planning and implementing PI‐preventative actions. 相似文献
996.
La Mendola Roberta Bencivenga Maria Torroni Lorena Alberti Luca Sacco Michele Casella Francesco Ridolfi Cecilia Simoni Nicola Micera Renato Pavarana Michele Verlato Giuseppe Giacopuzzi Simone 《Annals of surgical oncology》2021,28(6):3034-3043
Annals of Surgical Oncology - Although pathological complete response (pCR) after multimodal treatment for esophageal cancer is associated to the best prognosis, recurrence may occur in... 相似文献
997.
La Mendola Roberta Bencivenga Maria Torroni Lorena Sacco Michele Giacopuzzi Simone 《Annals of surgical oncology》2021,28(6):3044-3045
Annals of Surgical Oncology - 相似文献
998.
Maria Ruden Christopher H. Olivares Mathew Q. Fakhoury Alicia Roston Patricia P. Vidal Courtney M.P. Hollowell Sarah P. Psutka 《Urologic oncology》2021,39(1):73.e19-73.e25
PurposeTo compare the clinical presentation, treatment receipt, and oncologic outcomes between human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive (HIV+) and seronegative (HIV?) men with prostate cancer (CaP) matched by age, clinical stage, and race.Materials and methodsA retrospective review of 3,135 men treated for CaP from 2000 to 2016 was performed. HIV+ patients (N = 46) were matched 1:2 to 3 to HIV? men (N = 137) by age, race, and clinical stage. Clinicopathologic features and primary treatment received were compared between cohorts. Associations between HIV status and progression-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival were compared by HIV status using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards analysis.ResultsAfter matching, men with and without HIV were similar with respect initial prostate-specific antigen, Gleason Sum, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status. Among HIV+ men, 67.4% had a history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and 91.3% were on highly active antiretroviral therapy at CaP diagnosis. Among men with localized disease, HIV+ men were more likely to receive radiation (59.5% vs. 44.8%) or no therapy (13.5% vs. 4.3%) and less likely to receive surgery (16.2% vs. 30.2%), or to initiate active surveillance (10.8% vs. 16.4%; P = 0.04 overall). There were no differences in rates of clinical progression, development of castration resistance, or CaP death by HIV status. However, HIV+ status was associated with inferior overall survival (hazard ratio 2.89, P = 0.04).ConclusionsWhile most HIV+ patients had a history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV was well controlled in the majority of patients at the time of CaP diagnosis. While oncologic outcomes were similar between HIV+ and HIV? men, significant differences in treatment selection were observed. Further research is necessary to understand differences in treatment election by HIV status and to define optimal CaP treatment selection in men with HIV. 相似文献
999.
Francesco Pierconti Maurizio Martini Vincenzo Fiorentino Tonia Cenci Sara Capodimonti Patrizia Straccia Emilio Sacco Dario Pugliese Luca Cindolo Luigi Maria Larocca Pier Francesco Bassi 《Urologic oncology》2021,39(2):131.e17-131.e21
ObjectiveTo identify in which cases after cytological diagnosis, the Bladder EpiCheck test could represent an effective tool in non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma or an useless expence.Materials and methods375 patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, 269 with high grade urothelial carcinoma and 106 with carcinoma in situ, were treated and followed for 1 year. The treatment was an intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in 305 patients and Mitomycin-C in 70 patients.During the follow-up patients were evaluated by voided urine cytology and white-light cystoscopy, according to the European Association of Urology Guidelines. Bladder EpiCheck test was performed together with cytology in all cases.ResultsAnalyzing Bladder Epicheck results for each category defined by the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology, we found that the Episcore >60 correlates with histological diagnosis of high grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) in atypical urothelial cells and Suspicious for High Grade Urothelial Carcinoma (P = 0.0002 Odds Ratio 0.05926 95% Confidence Interval from 0.01127 to 0.3116 and P = 0.0009 Odds Ratio 0.0315595% Confidence Interval from 0.001683 to 0.5914, Fisher's exact test, respectively), while in Negative for high grade urothelial carcinoma and HGUC patients Episcore is not helpful to identify cases with histological diagnosis of HGUC (P = 0.101 and P = 0.58 Fisher's exact test, respectively). Considering an Episcore ≥ 90 in the HGUC cytological group, this seems not to be correlated with a histological diagnosis of HGUC (P = 0.090 Fisher's exact test).ConclusionsCytology and Bladder EpiCheck test in combination may have the potential to reduce cystoscopies in the follow-up of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer only for cytological diagnoses of atypical urothelial cells and Suspicious for High Grade Urothelial Carcinoma . Moreover, in patients with a cytological diagnosis of Negative for high grade urothelial carcinoma or HGUC, cytology alone seems to be safe and cost-effective. 相似文献
1000.
Paolo Cabas Michele Rizzo Mauro Giuffrè Roberta Maria Antonello Carlo Trombetta Roberto Luzzati Giovanni Liguori Stefano Di Bella 《Urologic oncology》2021,39(2):85-92
Objective: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) is an effective treatment in non––muscle-invasive bladder cancer, however, extravesical BCG infection may occur in remote organs as a potentially serious complication. Researchers aimed to assess whether a different timing of BCG infection after intravesical administration of BCG could be identified and estimated for each single involved organ. Methods: We performed a systematic literature review over systemic and genitourinary BCG infection case reports, including 271 published case reports for a total of 307 patients. Demographic data, clinical features, and timing of BCG infection development were collected and analyzed for each patient. Results: BCG infection developed with a different timing from last instillation, depending on the involved organ. Among the genitourinary complications, penile lesions occurred as early as 1 (1;3) weeks, while orchiepididymitis occurred as late as 56 (6.25;156) weeks. At the same time, granulomatous hepatitis and lungs involvement such as miliary pulmonary BCG infection occurred earlier, with a median time of 1 (1;4) and 1 (1;6) weeks respectively, whereas vascular, osteoarticular, and muscular complications developed with a median timing from last instillation of 52 (20;104), 68 (14;156), and 93 (29;156) weeks, respectively. The analysis detected a cluster between lungs, liver, and bone marrow complications on one side and muscular and osteoarticular or vascular complications on the other side was also observed. Conclusions: BCG infection after intravesical BCG for bladder cancer may develop even several months or years after the last instillation, depending on the involved organs. When BCG infection interests one or more organ, 2 main associative patterns are common: one involving lungs, liver, and bone marrow, with earlier occurrence but lower rates of microbiological diagnosis achievement, and one involving muscular and osteoarticular or vascular districts, with later occurrence but higher rates of microbiological evidence. 相似文献