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71.
72.
A randomized double‐blind controlled trial comparing three sedation regimens during flexible bronchoscopy: Dexmedetomidine,alfentanil and lidocaine
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73.
Jawad Fares Zeina Bou Diab Sanaa Nabha Youssef Fares 《The International journal of neuroscience》2019,129(6):598-611
Background: The hippocampus is one of the sites in the mammalian brain that is capable of continuously generating controversy. Adult neurogenesis is a remarkable process, and yet an intensely debatable topic in contemporary neuroscience due to its distinctiveness and conceivable impact on neural activity. The belief that neurogenesis continues through adulthood has provoked remarkable efforts to describe how newborn neurons differentiate and incorporate into the adult brain. It has also encouraged studies that investigate the consequences of inadequate neurogenesis in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and explore the potential role of neural progenitor cells in brain repair. The adult nervous system is not static; it is subjected to morphological and physiological alterations at various levels. This plastic mechanism guarantees that the behavioral regulation of the adult nervous system is adaptable in response to varying environmental stimuli. Three regions of the adult brain, the olfactory bulb, the hypothalamus, and the hippocampal dentate gyrus, contain new-born neurons that exhibit an essential role in the natural functional circuitry of the adult brain. Purpose/Aim: This article explores current advancements in adult hippocampal neurogenesis by presenting its history and evolution and studying its association with neural plasticity. The article also discusses the prospective roles of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and describes the intracellular, extracellular, pathological, and environmental factors involved in its regulation. Abbreviations AHN Adult hippocampal neurogenesis AKT Protein kinase B BMP Bone Morphogenic Protein BrdU Bromodeoxyuridine CNS Central nervous system DG Dentate gyrus DISC1 Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 FGF-2 Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 GABA Gamma-aminobutyric acid Mbd1 Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 1 Mecp2 Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 mTOR Mammalian target of rapamycin NSCs Neural stem cells OB Olfactory bulb; P21: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 RBPj Recombination Signal Binding protein for Immunoglobulin Kappa J Region RMS Rostral migratory Stream SGZ Subgranular zone Shh Sonic hedgehog SOX2 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 SVZ Subventricular zone Wnt3 Wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus 相似文献
74.
Ronald C. Kessler Jennifer Greif Green Michael J. Gruber Nancy A. Sampson Evelyn Bromet Marius Cuitan Toshi A. Furukawa Oye Gureje Hristo Hinkov Chi‐Yi Hu Carmen Lara Sing Lee Zeina Mneimneh Landon Myer Mark Oakley‐Browne Jose Posada‐Villa Rajesh Sagar Maria Carmen Viana Alan M. Zaslavsky 《International journal of methods in psychiatric research》2011,20(1):62-62
75.
Stephen Warrick John Morehous Zeina M. Samaan Mona Mansour Tracy Huentelman Pamela J. Schoettker Srikant Iyer 《Academic pediatrics》2018,18(3):281-288
Objectives
Since the Institute of Medicine's 2001 charge to reform health care, there has been a focus on the role of the medical home. Access to care in the proper setting and at the proper time is central to health care reform. We aimed to increase the volume of patients receiving care for acute illnesses within the medical home rather than the emergency department or urgent care center from 41% to 60%.Methods
We used quality improvement methods to create a separate nonemergency care stream in a large academic primary care clinic serving 19,000 patients (90% Medicaid). The pediatric primary care (PPC) walk-in clinic opened in July 2013 with service 4 hours per day and expanded to an all-day clinic in October 2013. Statistical process control methods were used to measure the change over time in the volume of ill patients and visits seen in the PPC walk-in clinic.Results
Average weekly walk-in nonemergent ill-care visits increased from 61 to 158 after opening the PPC walk-in clinic. The percentage of nonemergent ill-care visits in the medical home increased from 41% to 45%. Visits during regular clinic hours increased from 55% to 60%. Clinic cycle time remained unchanged.Conclusions
Implementation of a walk-in care stream for acute illness within the medical home has allowed us to provide ill care to a higher proportion of patients, although we have not yet achieved our predicted volume. Matching access to demand is key to successfully meeting patient needs. 相似文献76.
Michael J. Blaha Seamus P. Whelton Mahmoud Al Rifai Zeina A. Dardari Leslee J. Shaw Mouaz H. Al-Mallah Kuni Matsushita John A. Rumberger Daniel S. Berman Matthew J. Budoff Michael D. Miedema Khurram Nasir 《Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography》2017,11(1):54-61
Background
Although coronary artery calcium (CAC) has been investigated for over two decades, there is very limited data on the association of CAC with cause of death. The CAC Consortium is a large ongoing multi-center observational cohort of individuals who underwent non-contrast cardiac-gated CAC testing and systematic, prospective, long-term follow-up for mortality with ascertainment of cause of death.Methods
Four participating institutions from three states within the US (California, Minnesota, and Ohio) have contributed individual-level patient data to the CAC Consortium (spanning years 1991–2010). All CAC scans were clinically indicated and physician-referred in patients without a known history of coronary heart disease. Using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to minimize missing data and to eliminate non-dedicated CAC scans (i.e. concomitant CT angiography), a sharply defined and well-characterized cohort of 66,636 patients was assembled. Mortality status was ascertained using the Social Security Administration Death Master File and a validated algorithm. In addition, death certificates were obtained from the National Death Index and categorized using ICD (International Classification of Diseases) codes into common causes of death.Results
Mean patient age was 54 ± 11 years and the majority were male (67%). Prevalence of CVD risk factors was similar across sites and 55% had a <5% estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Approximately 45% had a Calcium score of 0 and 11% had an Agatston Score ≥400. Over a mean follow-up of 12 ± 4 years, there were 3158 deaths (4.15 per 1000 person-years). The majority of deaths were due to cancer (37%) and CVD (32%). Most CVD deaths were due to CHD (54%) followed by stroke (17%). In general, CAC score distributions were similar across sites, and there were similar cause of death patterns.Conclusions
The CAC Consortium is large and highly generalizable data set that is uniquely positioned to expand the understanding of CAC as a predictor of mortality risk across the spectrum of disease states, allowing innovative modeling of the competing risks of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death. 相似文献77.
Johnny Awwad Anwar Nassar Ihab Usta Monique Shaya Zeina Younes Ghina Ghazeeri 《Archives of sexual behavior》2013,42(8):1627-1635
Many cultural and religious beliefs place virginity at a high level of social significance, in that women who lose their virginity before marriage may face humiliation, ostracism, divorce, and extreme violence. This led to an increase in the demand for virginity restoration through surgical hymen reconstruction among these cultures. However, data regarding the acceptance of hymenoplasty in societies that consider sexuality a taboo are scarce. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the effects of gender and religion on sexual attitudes towards hymenoplasty, premarital sex, and virginity in a sample of 600 Lebanese university students. Our findings showed that approval of hymenoplasty was low among participants regardless of gender (25.7 % men vs. 19.1 % women) and religious affiliations (22.5 % Muslims vs. 22.3 % Christians). Arguments for rejection were rooted in moral ethics and personal convictions: “form of deceiving and cheating” (80.7 %) and “betrayal of honesty in the relationship” (80.4 %). Reasons for acceptance included: personal belief in “women’s rights, autonomy, and freedom” (72.2 %) and “physical harm and death” (63.5 %).Male participants were more likely to approve premarital coital sex than females (61.0 vs. 27.3 %). Muslims were also more likely to reject marrying a non-virgin than Christians (39.9 vs. 18.0 %). Female participants expressed more tolerance towards marrying a non-virgin male partner (78.3 vs. 57.3 %). Low acceptance of hymenoplasty among Lebanese university students was found to be related to moral ethics and personal convictions independently from gender and religious affiliation. Differences in sexual attitudes towards premarital coital sex and virginity, however, were more significantly influenced by culture and religion. 相似文献
78.
Brian J. Song Zeina E. Jouni Mario G. Ferruzzi 《Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)》2013,29(1):195-202
ObjectiveThe present study reports the presence of several carotenoids and flavonoids in human milk samples.MethodsSamples were collected from 17 women who delivered healthy term babies (≥37 wk of gestation) at 1-, 4-, and 13-wk postpartum intervals.ResultsEpicatechin (63.7–828.5 nmol/L), epicatechin gallate (55.7–645.6 nmol/L), epigallocatechin gallate (215.1–2364.7 nmol/L), naringenin (64.1–722.0 nmol/L), kaempferol (7.8–71.4 nmol/L), hesperetin (74.8–1603.1 nmol/L), and quercetin (32.5–108.6 nmol/L) were present in human milk samples with high inter-/intraindividual variability. With the exception of kaempferol, the mean flavonoid content in human milk was not statistically different among lactation stages. In contrast, carotenoids α-carotene (59.0–23.2 nmol/L), β-carotene (164.3–88.0 nmol/L), α-cryptoxanthin (30.6–13.5 nmol/L), β-cryptoxanthin (57.4–24.8 nmol/L), zeaxanthin (46.3–21.4 nmol/L), lutein (121.2–56.4 nmol/L), and lycopene (119.9–49.5 nmol/L) significantly decreased from weeks 1 to 13 of lactation.ConclusionThe observed differences in the relative concentrations of the two phytochemical classes in human milk may be a result of several factors, including dietary exposure, stability in the milk matrix, efficiency of absorption/metabolism, and transfer from plasma to human milk. These data support the notion that flavonoids, as with carotenoids, are dietary phytochemicals present in human milk and potentially available to breast-fed infants. 相似文献
79.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Movement of impression copings inside the impression material using an open-tray impression technique during clinical and laboratory phases may cause inaccuracy in transferring the 3-dimensional spatial orientation of implants intraorally to the definitive cast. Consequently the restoration may require corrective procedures. PURPOSE: This in vitro study evaluated the accuracy of 3 different impression techniques using polyether impression material to obtain a precise definitive cast for a multi-unit implant restoration with multiple internal connection implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A reference acrylic resin model with 4 internal connection implants (3i Implant Innovations) was fabricated. Forty-five medium-consistency polyether impressions (Impregum Penta) of this model were made with square impression copings using an open-tray technique. Three groups of 15 specimens each were made with different impression techniques: in the first group, nonmodified square impression copings were used (NM group); in the second group, square impression copings were used and joined together with autopolymerizing acrylic resin before the impression procedure (R [resin] group); and in the third group, square impression copings previously airborne-particle abraded and coated with the manufacturer-recommended impression adhesive were used (M [modified] group). Matching implant replicas were screwed into the square impression copings in the impressions. Impressions were poured with ADA type IV stone (New Fujirock). A single calibrated examiner blinded to the nature of the impression technique used examined all definitive casts to evaluate the positional accuracy (mum) of the implant replica heads using a profile projector (at original magnification x10). These measurements were compared to the measurements calculated on the reference resin model which served as control. Data were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance at alpha=.05, followed by the Student Newman-Keuls test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: The data obtained with the profile projector revealed significant differences within the 3 impression techniques ( P <.001). The Student Newman-Keuls procedure disclosed significant differences between the groups, with group R casts being significantly more accurate than group NM and group M casts ( P =.05). The mean distance (+/-SD) between the posterior implants compared to the reference acrylic resin model was 18.17 mum (+/- 6.4) greater for group R casts, 41.27 mum (+/- 8.4) greater for group M casts, and 46.21 mum (+/- 8.9) greater for group NM casts. Distances between the anterior implants were also greater than those recorded on the reference model. The distance was 15.23 mum (+/- 5.9) greater on group R casts, 38.17 mum (+/- 8.3) greater on group M casts, and 43.23 mum (+/- 8.7) greater on group NM casts. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, improved accuracy of the definitive cast was achieved when the square impression copings joined together with autopolymerizing acrylic resin were used to make an impression of multiple internal connection implants. 相似文献
80.
Majzoub Z Bobbo M Atiyeh F Cordioli G 《The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry》2005,25(3):283-294
Human histologic evidence of periodontal regeneration following treatment of intrabony defects with enamel matrix derivative has yielded inconsistent results in recent case reports. A 46-year-old woman presenting one deep intrabony defect at the distal root of a mandibular first molar scheduled for extraction was selected for enamel matrix derivative therapy. During surgery, a notch was placed at the most apical level of calculus on the experimental root. Nine months postsurgery, a block section including the distal root and surrounding periodontal tissues was obtained and processed in a mesiodistal plane. Histologic analysis demonstrated two different patterns of healing along the proximal and furcal surfaces. Regeneration with new cellular cementum, bone, and periodontal ligament with functional fiber orientation was observed on the distal aspect of the root, whereas the furcal surface healed through ankylosis. This report underlines the biologic variability in wound healing following enamel matrix derivative therapy in periodontal intrabony defects and within the same defect. Host-specific intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors accounting for this variability remain to be investigated. 相似文献