The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine and associated factors in Taiwan in 2002

Background Previous studies have noted that there is a high utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) services in Taiwan, China and in western countries, but few studies investigated factors associated with the utilization of TCM in Taiwan. This study analyzes the utilization rate and the factors associated with the utilization of TGM in Taiwan. Methods Data for this study were from the 2002 HPKAP Survey that conducted the face-to-face questionnaire interviews of people aged 15 years and over from October 2002 to March 2003 in Taiwan. This study analyzed the utilization of TCM outpatient services, including admission to the hospital and clinic visits. Results A total of 26 755 participants completed the survey in the six-month period. The data revealed that 10.4% of participants had utilized TCM services in the past one month while 4.2% of participants utilized TCM only (without using Western medicine outpatient services (WM) or Folk therapy (F'I')). The average visits of TCM services per patient was higher among people who had utilized TCM and FT services (2.68 visits) than among those who had utilized WM and FT services (2.15 visits) or TCM services alone (2.15 visits) during the previous one month. Younger people (odds ratio OR= 1.78, 95%C/= 1.47-2.16), women (compared with men), and people with higher education levels (OR = 1.58, 95%CI =1.25-1.98) were more likely to visit TCM than compared groups. People with self-reported poor health status (OR = 2.07,95%CI = 1.76-2.44) and people who exercise regularly (OR = 1.17, 95%CI = 1.07-1.27) had higher ORs to visit TCM service than comparison group.Conclusions There is a high utilization of TCM in Taiwan. Further studies are needed to investigate the related factors and determinants between the utilization of TCM and the utilization of FT in Taiwan.     

端粒酶在鳞状细胞癌和Bowen病组织中的表达

目的探讨端粒酶在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(SCC)及Bowen病(BD)病变组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法应用原位杂交方法检测30例皮肤SCC和30例BD病变组织中端粒酶基因hTR和hTERTmRNA的表达。结果在BD组织中hTR和hTERTmRNA呈弱表达,阳性率为23.33%和16.67%。在SCC中,hTR和hTERTmRNA的阳性率分别为86.67%和93.33%。其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ级SCC阳性率分别为82.35%和88.24%,无强阳性;Ⅲ、Ⅳ级SCC阳性率分别为92.31%和100%、强阳性表达率分别为69.23%和76.92%。SCC和BD两者比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。SCCⅠ、Ⅱ级与Ⅲ、Ⅳ级比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论端粒酶hTR和hTERTmRNA的表达增多是预测皮肤SCC的重要因素。     

Age-related changes in centripetal ciliary body movement relative to centripetal lens movement in monkeys

The goal was to determine the age-related changes in accommodative movements of the lens and ciliary body in rhesus monkeys. Varying levels of accommodation were stimulated via the Edinger-Westphal (E-W) nucleus in 26 rhesus monkeys, aged 6–27 years, and the refractive changes were measured by coincidence refractometry. Centripetal ciliary process (CP) and lens movements were measured by computerized image analysis of goniovideographic images. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) at 50 MHz was used to visualize and measure accommodative forward movements of the ciliary body in relation to age, accommodative amplitude, and centripetal CP and lens movements. At ～3 diopters of accommodation, the amount of centripetal lens movement required did not significantly change with age (p = 0.10; n = 18 monkeys); however, the amount of centripetal CP movement required significantly increased with age (p = 0.01; n = 18 monkeys), while the amount of forward ciliary body movement significantly decreased with age (p = 0.007; n = 11 monkeys). In the middle-aged animals (12–16.5 years), a greater amount of centripetal CP movement was required to induce a given level of lens movement and thereby a given level of accommodation (p = 0.01), compared to the young animals (6–10 yrs). Collectively, the data suggests that, with age, the accommodative system may be attempting to compensate for the loss of forward ciliary body movement by increasing the amount of centripetal CP movement. This, in turn, would allow enough zonular relaxation to achieve the magnitude of centripetal lens movement necessary for a given amplitude of accommodation.     

胆囊良恶性病变中胆囊星形细胞标记物及其调控因子的表达研究

目的 探讨胆囊腺癌、癌旁组织和慢性胆囊炎组织中GSCs和其调控因子TGF β1mRNA和CTGFmRNA表达水平及其临床病理意义。方法 108例胆囊腺癌、46例癌旁组织和35例慢性胆囊炎手术切除标本常规石蜡包埋切片，GSCs染色方法为平滑肌肌动蛋白（α SMA）单抗EnVisiomTM免疫组化法，TGF β1mRNA和CTGFmRNA染色方法为原位杂交法。结果 胆囊腺癌α SMA，TGF β1mRNA，CTGFmRNA表达阳性率及其评分明显高于癌旁组织和慢性胆囊炎（P<0.05或P<0.01）；但腺瘤癌变、肿块最大径<2cm、无淋巴结转移和未侵犯周围组织者的α SMA，TGF β1mRNA，CTGFmRNA表达阳性率及其评分明显高于低分化腺癌、肿块最大径≥2cm、淋巴结转移和侵犯周围组织器官者（P<0.05或P<0.01）；胆囊腺癌中α SMA，TGF β1mRNA，CTGFmRNA表达评分之间均呈高度密切正相关（α SMA vs TGF β1mRNA, r=0.82; α SMA vs CTGFmRNA r=0.75; TGF β1mRNA vs CTGFmRNA, r=0.78）结论 α SMA，TGF β1mRNA，CTGFmRNA均为反映胆囊腺癌进展、生物学行为及预后的重要生物学标记物，TGF β1和CTGF在活化GSCs方面可能具有重要调控作用。     

Hepatic pseudotumor in long-standing biliary atresia patients undergoing liver transplantation.

A pseudotumor, giant regenerative nodule, or macroregenerative nodule is an unusual benign hepatic lesion in biliary atresia (BA) patients. This tumor may mimic malignant transformation and may preclude liver transplantation (LT). The clinical and imaging surveillance of patients after the Kasai procedure is therefore an important aspect of management of BA patients. Our objective is to report our experience and describe the incidence, imaging, and pathologic features of pseudotumors in BA patients awaiting LT. From August 1990 to December 2006, 133 LTs for BA were performed. Five (3.8%; 4 female, 1 male) patients were diagnosed with pseudotumor. The patients' records were reviewed. The diagnostic imaging modalities used were abdominal ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histologic confirmation of the lesions was obtained in all cases. All underwent the Kasai operation in early infancy. Six of 7 lesions in 4 of 5 patients were demonstrated by pretransplant imaging. Two of 7 tumors were detected by US. Five of 7 lesions were detected by CT, and 5 of 7 lesions were demonstrated by MRI. In 1 patient, the lesion was not seen in the US, CT, or MRI but was found during surgery and confirmed by histology. An additional tumor was found incidentally during histologic examination in a patient previously diagnosed to have 2 tumors by CT and MRI. In another patient diagnosed to have 2 tumors on imaging, pathology revealed only a single tumor. In conclusion, although unusual, pseudotumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of liver masses in BA children.     

不明原因复发性流产患者子宫内膜/早孕蜕膜组织HOXA-1O基因的表达

目的探讨不明原因复发性流产（URSA）与子宫内膜／早孕蜕膜组织HOXA-10基因表达的关系。方法采用原位杂交技术，以HOXA-10反义核苷酸为探针检测51例URSA患者及38例正常生育（NF）组的分泌期子宫内膜／早孕蜕膜组织HOXA-10mRNA的表达水平，并以灰度阳性单位（PU值）表示。结果NF组子宫内膜分泌早期HOXA-10mRNA表达的PU值腺体为（6．66±0．11），间质为（6．76±0．15）；分泌中期分别为（10．95±0．90）及（11．46±1．08）；分泌晚期分别为（11．05±1．12）及（11．54±1．10）；蜕膜组织分别为（11．55±1．14）及（11．93±1．92）；分泌中晚期及蜕膜组织的Pu值显著高于分泌早期。URSA组不同时期子宫内膜及早孕蜕膜组织中HOXA-10mRNA的表达水平基本一致，无明显的分泌中晚期及早孕期峰，并且分泌中晚期及早孕蜕膜组织的PU值明显低于NF同期组。两组各期腺体和间质的PU值无显著差异。结论子宫内膜HOXA-10基因在分泌中晚期及早孕蜕膜组织中的高表达可能和孕卵着床及妊娠维持密切相关，其表达缺陷可能是导致URSA发生的重要原因之一。     

单宁酸处理带瓣牛颈静脉的生物学评价

目的从生物学角度评价单宁酸处理的带瓣牛颈静脉是否符合国家医用材料的要求。方法带瓣牛颈静脉经单宁酸处理后按国家医用材料的要求进行浸提液的制备、细胞毒性试验、过敏试验、皮内刺激试验、原发性皮肤刺激试验、溶血试验、急性全身毒性试验及热原试验等生物学评价试验。试验方法均参照《医用有机硅材料生物学评价试验方法》GB／T16175-1996。结果培养的L-929小鼠成纤维细胞经含浸提液的培养基培养后形态良好，增值旺盛，材料细胞毒性评级为0～1。无皮肤刺激反应和过敏反应，皮内刺激试验PⅡ（原发性刺激指数）为0．4，和阴性对照组差异无统计学意义。全身毒性实验受试动物未出现毒性症状。溶血试验溶血率0．7％，符合国家标准（〈5％）。热原试验经中国药品生物制品检定所检定，单宁酸处理后带瓣牛颈静脉无热原（样品批号：060802017）。结论单宁酸处理的带瓣牛颈静脉符合国家医用材料的要求，可以植入人体。     

影像设备引导下经皮穿刺与支气管填塞治疗耐多药肺结核空洞的疗效分析

目的评价影像设备引导下,经皮穿刺与经支气管填塞,治疗耐多药肺结核空洞的临床疗效。方法CR、CT及生化,病理学确诊的耐多药肺结核空洞患者88例,用经皮穿刺治疗44例(A组)和经支气管填塞治疗44例(B组)。并对照分析其方法,并发症和疗效,评估其应用价值。结果A组闭塞性空洞愈合14例(32%)、净化性空洞愈合16例(36%),无变化及轻微缩小14例(32%),总治愈率为68%;B组闭塞性空洞愈合23例(52.27%),净化空洞愈合17例(38.64%),无变化及轻微变小4例(9%),总治愈率达91%。B组比A组总疗效高出23%(91%~68%),并发症低,疗程缩短1~2个月。结论支气管填塞治疗耐多药肺结核空洞的疗效要优于经皮穿刺的方法。是目前治疗耐多药肺结核空洞的比较有效方法。     

弹拨手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症臀后部肌痉挛患者的疗效观察

患者,男,22岁。主因双手近端指间关节对称性肿胀1年于2006年10月20日至我科门诊就诊。患者1年前开始出现双手多个近端指间关节肿胀,无关节痛,无关节活动受限。曾至我院骨科门诊,怀疑为“类风湿性关节炎”,口服滑膜炎冲剂、非甾体类消炎止痛药物,症状持续不缓解。现仍有双手食、中、无名指近端指间关节扁梭形肿胀,中指、无名指明显。肿胀局部无压痛,各关节活动度正常。患者无晨僵,无发热及咽痛。既往患者有下意识掰动手指弄出声响的习惯。查体:一般情况良好。双手食、中、无名指近端指间关节梭形肿胀,关节两侧皮肤增厚,未见苔藓样变(图1 a)。…     

恐惧应激对大鼠睾丸中Annexin5表达的影响

目的观察大鼠应激条件下睾丸组织中Annexin5表达的变化。方法建立SD大鼠的恐惧应激模型，分别取急性应激、急性对照、慢性应激、慢性对照SD大鼠睾丸，免疫组织化学和Western blotting分析Annexin5免疫定位和蛋白表达。结果急性应激组与对照组相比，免疫组化显示Annexin5都定位在间质细胞、支持细胞和成熟的精子头部，Western blotting分析发现Annexin5的表达降低了10．8％；慢性应激组与对照组相比，免疫组化结果显示Annexin5在精子头部的定位逐渐减少，应激1w和2w组，未见到Annexin5定位于精子头部，到了应激的3w和4w，发现Annexin5重新定位于精子的头部，而在间质细胞和支持细胞上的定位模式没有显著变化。Western blotting分析发现Annexin5的表达降低了17．4％。结论大鼠睾丸Annexin5参与了应激过程，急性应激条件下Annexin5表达降低。随着应激时间的延长，在慢性应激条件下，Annexin5的表达由减少之后而开始有缓慢增加。