Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断价值。方法 对45例食管黏膜可疑病变经内镜以2％Lugol液喷洒染色，观察黏膜染色情况，并取活检送病理组织学检查。结果 45例食管病变染色后，39例呈浅染色或不染色，其中食管癌8例（食管早期癌5例，进展期癌3例），Barrett食管5例，轻至中度不典型增生1l例。本组Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的检出率达46．7％。结论 内镜下应用Lugol液染色结合活检有助于食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断，且操作简便，具有重要的临床价值。     

A Five-Step Strategy in Treatment of Diabetes

Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia. When it manifests itself mainly in hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipemia, hyperurecemia, and obesity, it is also called Ⅹ syndrome, or insulin-resistance syndrome. Step 1. Identifying t…     

颅内动脉瘤的血管内栓塞治疗

目的探讨应用电解可脱性弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床效果。方法2002年6月-2004年6月我们采用GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤126例(其中4例有2个动脉瘤,共130个)。前交通动脉瘤42个,后交通动脉瘤53个,颈内动脉瘤6个,大脑中动脉瘤10个,大脑后动脉瘤8个,大脑前动脉瘤6个,小脑后下动脉瘤2个;基底动脉瘤3个。按Hunt-Hess分级:Ⅰ级38例,Ⅱ级54例,Ⅲ级23例,Ⅳ级11例。必要时辅以篮筐技术、重塑技术、支架技术、双微导管或连环技术、蚕食技术。结果成功栓塞126例动脉瘤,其中103例为100%栓塞,21例为95%,2例为90%。12例在栓塞后6~18个月进行造影随访,所栓塞动脉瘤均未见复发征象。结论GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤是安全、有效和微创的治疗手段。联合运用多种栓塞技术有助于减少术后并发症,提高治愈率。     

李振华教授治疗崩漏经验

著名中医学家李振华,现为河南中医学院教授、主任医师,中华中医药学会终身理事及河南分会名誉会长。曾任河南中医学院院长、第七届全国人大代表等职。是全国首批名老中医药专家,也是国务院批准享受政府特殊津贴者。老师治学严谨,博学多闻,精研医理,善于辨证,在长期的医疗实践中     

自体输血在出血性手术中的应用

外科手术,特别是出血量较大的急诊手术、术中出血较多的心内直视手术、以及颅脑外科手术等用血量大,一直是医疗中棘手的问题,而随着人们对输血所带来并发症的重视,以及近年来血源不足及合理输血、血液保护等,使得自体输血成为主流。本文就自体输血在临床应用,特别是大出血性手术中的应用价值作一综述。     

5173例儿童静脉滴注抗感染药物现状调查及护理对策

目的了解儿科门诊静脉滴注抗感染药物的应用情况,探讨护理对策。方法回顾性调查2004年10月~2005年4月儿科门诊静脉滴注的所有患儿,对其使用抗感染药物的情况进行整理分析。结果2~7岁是使用抗感染药物的高峰年龄组,抗感染药物应用占同期输液患儿的98·2%,抗感染药物使用频率高低顺位依次是:第三代头孢类、抗病毒类、青霉素类、第一代头孢、中药、第二代头孢和氨基甙类。抗菌药物与抗病毒药物同用占56·14%,抗菌药物二联用药占9·51%,抗菌药物三联用药占0·19%。结论加强护理管理,是促进抗感染药物合理应用的有效途径,包括正确给药、细致观察、合理用药、健康教育。     

学习困难儿童智力及记忆力特征分析

目的探讨学习困难儿童的智力、记忆力特征。方法学习困难(LD)根据ICD-10五条诊断标准,精神发育迟滞(MR)根据国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)诊断标准,分为实验组LD组;对照组a.正常组,b.弱智组。采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表进行智力测验,记忆力测验采用中国科学研究院编制的临床记忆量表。结果LD组与正常对照组在语言智商、操作智商、总智商[(86.23±10.65)分,(87.44±12.59)分,(84.09±13.96)分vs(102.27±10.21)分,(103.22±11.65)分,(103.28±9.88)分]及分测验值差异均有显著性(P<0.01);LD组儿童VIQ与PIQ相距一个标准差以上的比率明显高于对照组(2=9.29,P<0.01),也较MR对照组多(2=4.29,P<0.05)。LD组记忆商(MQ)明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论LD儿童智商、记忆商水平低于正常儿童,且存在明显智力结构发展不平衡。     

Cortical plasticity: effect of high and low intensity conditioning electrical stimulations (100 Hz) on SEPs to painful finger stimulation.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of high-frequency (100 Hz) repetitive conditioning electrical stimulation (CES, 10 min) on human somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to evaluate if short-term cortical plasticity could be induced. METHODS: Painful electrical stimulations were applied to thumb (D1) and little finger (D5) fingertips, respectively. The 124-channel EEG was recorded from 10 healthy male volunteers. Peak stages around 34, 45, 212, 331 ms were analyzed with focal maximum amplitude (FA) and area magnitude (AM) of scalp field potential, topography, and equivalent current dipole source localisation, comparing before and after two-level CES (high- vs. low-level) applied to the He-Gu acupoint. RESULTS: After a high-level CES, the positive FA and AM of the current efflux showed a significant increase at the early phase 34 ms, and significantly decreased at 45 ms in D1 SEPs. The negative FA and AM of the current influx were significantly increased at late phase 350 ms of the D5 SEPs. Only 36 ms, the z-axis position of dipole was significantly changed from (x: -15.9 mm, y: 29.6 mm, z: 43.9 mm) to (x: -12.9 mm, y: 29.4mm, z: 51.5mm) for the D5 SEPs. CONCLUSIONS: The high-level CES significantly attenuated the subsequent cortical activation (45 ms peak for D1 stimulation). Both low- and high-level CES significantly enhanced the late activities (226, 350 ms) in D5 stimulation. This may be explained by pain sensation change at the level of subcortical cingulate cortex induced by the site-dependent post-effect of CES. SIGNIFICANCE: This study showed cortical plasticity induced by conditioning somatosensory stimulation.     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗椎间盘源性腰痛

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术（percutaneous laser disc decompression，PLDD）治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的疗效。方法2002年6月～2004年12月我院对36例椎间盘源性腰痛，采用英国DIOMED公司半导体激光仪，激光功率15W，每个激光脉冲持续1s，间隔1s，照射能量800～1200J。VAS评分评价治疗效果。结果手术时间15～60min，平均30min。32例出现“疼痛复制效应”。36例随访6～36个月，平均11个月，32例有效（术后VAS评分改善≥3分18例，≥分14例），4例无效，有效率88．9％（32／36）。结论PLDD治疗椎间盘源性腰痛安全、有效、微创。     

Efficacy and safety of herbal medicines for idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.

The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines (HMs), as a monotherapy or adjunct therapy, compared to placebo or conventional approaches in the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials from both conventional and alternative medicine sources. Outcome measures were overall improvement, quality of life, reduction of levodopa dose, and adverse events. Nine studies were included, each testing a different HM. Six of the trials had limited internal validity due to major flaws in design, including the lack of proper randomization; insufficient blinding; unclear inclusive criteria in terms of diagnostic criteria, baseline staging, and duration of disease; lack of proper sample size calculation; and insufficient data analysis. Imbalances in gender and ethnicity among the patients in the included trials were observed. No major adverse events emerged, and no specific pattern was detected from the trials describing such data. In addition to major methodological defects, heterogeneity in (1) HM tested, (2) control treatment, and (3) outcome measure hindered in-depth data analysis and synthesis. Current evidence is insufficient to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various HMs. Further studies with improved trial design and reporting, with assessment on cost-effectiveness, quality of life, and qualitative data are warranted.