大,巨型垂体腺瘤的手术入路选择

自１９９０年以来收治直径在２－５．６ｃｍ的大、巨型垂体腺瘤３３例。依肿瘤生长形态与扩展范围将其简略分为三种类型。Ａ型：瘤体位于鞍内或侵入蝶窦；Ｂ型；瘤体呈椭圆形或哑铃向鞍上扩展，三脑室明显移位抬高；Ｃ型：瘤体巨大侵入三脑室阻塞室间孔或明显的鞍周扩展。     

中国三城市儿童步行者道路交通安全状况回顾性研究

目的了解北京、上海、广州三城市儿童步行安全状况及相关因素,为加强儿童道路交通伤害预防、干预提供科学依据。方法回顾性收集2000~2004年三城市交管部门14岁以下儿童步行者交通伤害发生资料。结果三城市5年间儿童步行者道路交通伤害发生率为14.93/10万,男女比例为1.79∶1,5~9岁为高发年龄,儿童步行者发生道路交通伤、亡的主要责任方为行人,受伤害儿童43.0%为轻伤,46.6%为重伤,10.4%为死亡。结论道路交通伤害严重威胁儿童安全与健康,儿童步行者发生道路交通伤害与多种因素有关,需社会各个部门参与预防。     

青果微量元素的测定及其含量与功效的关系

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP—AES),同时测定了广州与潮州产青果中13种微量元素和宏量元素的含量,结果发现其含有多种人体必需和与乙型肝炎的发生发展有关的微量元素;初步讨论了它们与青果功效的关系。     

高血糖对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者红细胞（Ca~（2＋）－Mg~（2＋））－ATP酶的影响

为了解高血糖对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）患者红细胞膜（Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋）－Ａｒｐ酶的影响，采用改良的Ｈａｎａｈａｎ和Ｌｕｔｈｒａ法测定了红细胞膜（Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶活性。结果表明，ＮＩＤＤＭ患者红细胞膜（Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶活性降低，且与空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、果糖胺及红细胞变形指数呈负相关，后者与红细胞内Ｃａ２＋浓度呈正相关。说明（Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶活性下降时，红细胞变形能力降低，可能与患者红细胞膜蛋白的过度糖化及细胞内Ｃａ２＋浓度的增高有关。     

IgA肾病和非IgA系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎抗内皮细胞抗体的检测

对１２７例ＩｇＡ肾病（ＩｇＡＮ）患者和２５例非ＩｇＡ系膜增殖性肾炎血清进行了抗内皮细胞抗体ＡＥＣＡ的检测。结果表明：ＩｇＡ肾病患者和非ＩｇＡ系膜增殖性肾炎患者血清ＡＥＣＡ－ＩｇＧ较正常对照组高，而ＩｇＡＮ患者较非ＩｇＡ系膜增殖性肾炎患者ＡＥＣＡ－ＩｇＧ的水平高，Ｐ〈０．０５。ＩｇＡＮ患者的ＡＥＣＡ－ＩｇＡ水平较正常对照组高。ＩｇＡＮ患者按ＡＥＣＡ水平分为阳性与阴性组，对两组硬化面积比进行比较，未见     

线上教学在急救技能操作课程中的探索和应用

目的 探索线上教学在技能操作教学中应用的教学效果和新思路。方法 选择2019年秋季学期、2020春季学期四川大学选修《生活中的急救：基本常识与技能》课程的151名学生为研究对象。2020年春季学期选修的77名学生作为试验组,2019年秋季学期选修的74名学生作为对照组。试验组依托线上平台进行急救技能线上学习,对照组采用传统教学。对比两组的教学效果和分析教学满意度。采用SPSS 23.0进行卡方检验和t检验。结果 两组学生在心肺复苏、止血包扎、骨折固定3项技能考核成绩中差异均无统计学意义[（8.65±0.81 vs. 8.69±0.90,P=0.750）; （8.10±0.50 vs. 8.12±0.61,P=0.880）;（8.21±0.89 vs.8.16±0.78,P=0.710）]。试验组参与问卷调查的学生中,59名（95.16%）学生认为本课程对处理日常生活急救有帮助,38名（61.29%）学生不希望将传统授课方式更改为线上教学。结论 线上教学在急救技能操作教学中的应用是可行的,能够达到同样的教学效果,为探索线上急救技能教学提供了新思路。     

糖皮质激素联合抗凝在急性/亚急性重症颅内静脉血栓治疗中的探索

目的 本研究初步探讨糖皮质激素联合抗凝治疗在急性/亚急性重症颅内静脉血栓(cerebral venous thrombosis, CVT)中的作用。方法 纳入10例经过糖皮质激素联合抗凝治疗的急性/亚急性重症CVT患者,对治疗前后及出院3个月时的神经功能缺损、颅内压增高情况和血清、脑脊液炎症指标及不良事件进行回顾性分析。结果 10例患者经过糖皮质激素冲击治疗后2周,与入院时基线值相比,血清中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, NLR)(P<0.05),超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein, hs-CRP)(P<0.01),白细胞介素-6(interleukin 6,IL-6)(P<0.01)和脑脊液IL-6浓度(P<0.01)均明显下降;与入院时基线值相比,出院时改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale, mRS)评分(P<0.01)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中评分(National Institutes of Health Stroke ...     

Synaptic transmission of chaotic spike trains between primary afferent fiber and spinal dorsal horn neuron in the rat

Primary sensory neurons can generate irregular burst firings in which the existence of significant deterministic behaviors of chaotic dynamics has been proved with nonlinear time series analysis. But how well the deterministic characteristics and neural information of presynaptic chaotic spike trains were transmitted into postsynaptic spike trains is still an open question. Here we investigated the synaptic transmission of chaotic spike trains between primary Adelta afferent fiber and spinal dorsal horn neuron. Two kinds of basic stimulus unit, brief burst and single pulse, were employed by us to comprise chaotic stimulus trains. For time series analysis, we defined "events" as the longest sequences of spikes with all interspike intervals less than or equal to a certain threshold and extracted the interevent intervals (IEIs) from spike trains. Return map analysis of the IEI series showed that the main temporal structure of chaotic input trains could be detected in postsynaptic output trains, especially under brief-burst stimulation. Using correlation dimension and nonlinear prediction methods, we found that synaptic transmission could influence the nonlinear characteristics of chaotic trains, such as fractal dimension and short-term predictability, with greater influence made under single-pulse stimulation. By calculating the mutual information between input and output trains, we found the information carried by presynaptic spike trains could not be completely transmitted at primary afferent synapses, and that brief bursts could more reliably transmit the information carried by chaotic input trains across synapses. These results indicate that although unreliability exists during synaptic transmission, the main deterministic characteristics of chaotic burst trains can be transmitted across primary afferent synapses. Moreover, brief bursts that come from the periphery can more reliably transmit neural information between primary afferent fibers and spinal dorsal horn neurons.     

Analysis of immobilized L-cysteine on polymers

Recently, we reported that L-cysteine attached to polymeric biomaterials, without prior nitrosation, enhances the hemocompatibility of biomaterials via exploiting endogenous nitric oxide (NO). As part of the polymer optimization process to further enhance platelet inhibition, a kinetic model is being developed to predict the release rate of NO. A key model parameter is the immobilized concentration of L-cysteine. This article demonstrates how several chemiluminescence-based assays, previously utilized for measuring thiols in solution, were successfully adapted to quantify immobilized L-cysteine. The assays showed that the immobilized L-cysteine on the modified PET sample is within the range of 4.1 to 6.5 nmol/cm(2). An advantage of using the more successful chemiluminescence-based assay is that it can accurately measure molar concentrations of any thiol-containing compound with a detection limit in the pmol range. The major disadvantage is that L-cysteine must first be broken off of the polymer and released into solution prior to measurement, therefore leaving the sample unable to be reused. Other thiol-measuring techniques, such as fluorescence microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were used to provide qualitative and semiquantitative analysis to substantiate the polymer development.     

磷酸化的细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶1/2在正常小鼠脑内的免疫细胞化学定位

细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶(ERK)1/2是重要的信号转导分子。现已知在正常动物的中枢神经系统内有其活化形式即磷酸化的ERK1/2(pERK1/2)分子的存在,但其在小鼠脑内的分布目前还没有全面的观察。本研究用免疫组织化学技术(ABC法)研究了pERK1/2样免疫反应阳性产物在脱臼处死的正常小鼠全脑内的分布。结果发现pERK1/2在正常小鼠脑内有广泛的表达,阳性产物主要存在于神经元,亦见于个别白质内的胶质细胞,脑膜及室管膜细胞也有表达。强阳性表达的核团主要有:岛皮质、视听皮质、边缘前皮质、扣带前皮质、海马垂直部、弓状核、蓝斑和小脑Purkinje细胞;中等阳性表达的核团主要有:感觉运动皮质、外侧隔区、内侧杏仁核、皮质杏仁核和外侧杏仁核、丘脑室旁核前部、视交叉上核、穹隆下器、终板血管器、前腹侧视前核和下丘脑背内侧核;弱阳性表达的核团主要有:视上核、下丘脑室旁核大细胞部、下丘脑后区、顶盖前区、室周灰质腹外侧柱、A5区、孤束核和延髓腹外侧网状结构等。本文结果观察到pERK1/2在正常小鼠脑内广泛存在,提示pERK1/2作为重要的信号转导分子,可能参与许多脑区在正常状态下的功能活动,揭示其分布特点为了解其在脑内的多样性功能提供了形态学依据。