替米沙坦治疗原发性高血压的疗效和安全性

目的 :观察替米沙坦治疗原发性高血压的疗效和安全性。方法 :进行随机、双盲、双模拟、平行分组对照试验。符合条件的轻中度高血压患者随机分为 2组 :替米沙坦组和氯沙坦组。每天一次口服替米沙坦 40mg或氯沙坦 5 0mg ,每 2周随访 1次。 4周后 ,如患者舒张压 (DBP)≥ 90mmHg则增加剂量 ,每天一次口服替米沙坦 80mg或氯沙坦 10 0mg。治疗前后分别查心电图 ,血、尿常规 ,血生化检查和常规查体。 结果 :(1)治疗 8周末 ,替米沙坦组和氯沙坦组患者的DBP均显著降低 ,2组下降幅度相似 (11.9mmHgvs 10 .4mmHg) ;(2 )治疗8周末 ,替米沙坦组收缩压 (SBP)下降幅度稍大于氯沙坦组 (9.5mmHgvs 6.2mmHg) ;(3 )替米沙坦降压有效率为 83 .3 % ,稍高于氯沙坦组 69.2 % ,无统计学差异 ;(4 ) 2组的不良事件发生率相似 (替米沙坦组 3 3 .3 % ,氯沙坦组 3 4.6% )。最常见的不良事件是头晕、头痛 ,多为轻度 ,可迅速缓解。结论 :替米沙坦 40mg～ 80mg ,每天一次口服治疗轻中度高血压安全有效     

祛瘀消斑胶囊治疗不稳定型心绞痛及对其血浆Fib、DD的影响

目的　观察祛瘀消斑胶囊治疗不稳定型心绞痛及对其血浆Fib和DD水平的影响。方法　对 4 0例不稳定型心绞痛患者随机分为常规西药加祛瘀消斑胶囊治疗组 (治疗组 )和常规西药治疗组 (对照组 ) ,治疗组与对照组各 2 0例。采用相应药物治疗 4周后 ,观察 2组患者的临床疗效、心电图改善及硝酸酯类药物的停减率 ,以及血浆Fib、DD水平变化 ,并进行比较分析。结果　治疗组可显著改善心绞痛症状 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,2组患者心电图改善情况及硝酸酯类药物减停率无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。治疗组降低Fib、DD水平 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。 2组均未出现明显不良反应。结论　祛瘀消斑胶囊可显著降低不稳定型心绞痛患者Fib、DD水平 ,联合西药治疗不稳定型心绞痛 ,疗效优于单用西药 ,且安全可靠。     

硫酸锌对肠缺血—再灌注损伤的防治作用

目的：探讨硫酸锌对肠缺血－再灌注（ischemia-reperfusion,I/R)损伤的防治作用及其机制。（2）方法：复制家兔肠I／R损伤模型，观察硫酸锌对超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）及丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响，实验分为I／R损伤组，硫酸锌＋I／R组和假手术组（Sham)对照组，并进行比较。（3）结果：缺血前3组动物红细胞SOD、红细胞膜及血浆MDA，血浆XO值均无统计学差异，I／R组再灌注后2h与缺血前及Sham组相比，SOD活性显下降，XO活性及MDA含量明显增加（P＜0．01），此外，肠、肺、肝等组织MDA含量亦明显高于Sham组（P＜0．01），静脉给予硫酸锌，可使XO及MDA含量降低，且可防止SOD减少。结论：肠I／R过程中伴有多器官脂质过氧化损伤，硫酸锌通过抗脂质过氧化能减轻或在一定程度上避免再灌注损伤的进一步加剧。     

外源性一氧化氮抗日本血吸虫的实验研究

目的观察外源性一氧化氮(NO)抗日本血吸虫的效果。方法以蜂蜡为NO的吸收剂,在不同条件下用逆转乳化法制备NO乳状液,测定其中NO的含量,选择乳状液中NO含量最大的用于抗日本血吸虫试验。在小鼠感染日本血吸虫尾蚴后22天起灌服,剂量为0.5ml/d,连续灌服5d,心脏灌注法收集虫体计数,研究外源性NO抗日本血吸虫的效果。结果外源性NO中NO的最大含量为536.2μmol/L;对小鼠日本血吸虫有一定的杀虫效果,减虫率达45.0%,减卵率达42.7%。结论外源性NO对日本血吸虫有一定的抗虫作用。     

Variation of Apolipoprotein A-I in Cirrhosis and its Clinical Value

The serum apolipoprotein A- I (apo A-I) Concentrations in 39 patients with posthepatitis cirrhosis were reported to be 0.87±0.27 g/L lower than that of controls 1.15±0.14 g/L P<0.01. The, decrease of apo. A-I was correlated with the severityof impaired liver function. Apo A- I concentrations in serum correlated positively with decrease of serum albumin (r=0.503 P< 0.01) and negatively with serum bilirubin increase (r=- 0.508 P <0.01) . The data indicate that decreasing of apo A- I concentration may be regarded as one of the reliable indices reflecting the degree of liver function impairment.     

羰基二咪唑酰化剂用于头孢菌素的合成

头孢菌素合成常采用混合酸酐法、DCC法、活化酯法等肽类合成方法。羰基二咪唑(简称CDI,I)法也属肽类合成方法。最近有文献报道,将此法用于头孢菌素C_3·位乙酰氧基的改造以及氨苄青霉素α-氨基的修饰。但用于头孢菌素C_7位缩合未见报道。本文采用     

Protective effects of amiloride on the ischemic reperfused rat heart. Relation to mitochondrial function.

We examined the effect of amiloride on mechanical, electrical and mitochondrial function as well as ultrastructural integrity, in isolated rat hearts subjected to 30 min low-flow ischemia and 30 min reperfusion. In control hearts, ischemia produced a rapid loss of contractility and a concomitant elevation in resting tension which were associated with a 100% incidence in arrhythmic activity. Reperfusion produced a 22 and 54% recovery in force and rate of force (dF/dt) development, respectively. In control hearts the incidence of arrhythmias was 100% within 5 min of reperfusion which then declined to 50% by 30 min. Ultrastructural defects in these hearts were restricted primarily to mitochondrial damage. Amiloride significantly attenuated the elevation in resting tension at the end of ischemia. Postischemic recovery was significantly increased to 38 and 86% for force and dF/dt, respectively and the incidence of arrhythmias was reduced to 30%. No ultrastructural defects were ever observed in amiloride-treated reperfused hearts. Both interfibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria exhibited depressed respiratory function and adenine nucleotide translocase activity. Although virtually all parameters tended to be elevated in mitochondria isolated from amiloride-treated hearts, a significant increase was seen in only one case. Our results therefore demonstrate an ability of amiloride to enhance postischemic contractile recovery and reduce the incidence of arrhythmias, particularly during reperfusion, an effect associated with virtual total prevention of ultrastructural defects. Although the salutary effect was not significantly correlated to improved mitochondrial function, this dissociation may have been due to removal of damaged mitochondria during the isolation process, in view of diminished mitochondrial damage as viewed by transmission electron microscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

SD大鼠肺中降钙素基因相关肽的分布及缺氧对其含量的影响

本研究用免疫细胞化学方法(ABC法)观察了降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)在SD大鼠肺中的分布,缺氧对肺中神经内分泌细胞内CGRP含餐的影响。结果表明:含CGRP的神经纤维分布在肺血管平滑肌层中及其周围、气管-支气管树的粘膜下层;含CGRP的神经内分泌细胞位于气管一支气管树的上皮层、粘液腺中和肺实质内。缺氧不引起火鼠肺的神经内分泌细胞数目改变,但可使这些细胞内的CGRP含量增加。     

抗HBV药物对小鼠早期胚胎发育的影响

目的　观察拉米夫定 (3TC)和干扰素 (IFNα) 2种抗乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)药物对早期胚胎发育的影响 ,探讨妊娠早期用药的可能性。方法　收集昆明种小鼠的单细胞受精卵 ,采用微滴培养法连续培养 72h ,观察不同浓度3TC和IFNα对胚胎发育的影响 ,以胚胎发育到各期的比例为判断发育效果的标准。结果　当IFNα浓度高达 1 0 0 0u/m ;3TC 50 0 μmol/L时 ,胚胎发育率呈下降趋势 ,尤其是培养液中 3TC浓度达 50 0 μmol/L时 ,发育至 4 -细胞、8-细胞及桑椹胚期的胚胎数明显减少 (P <0 .0 5) ,但在IFNα浓度 <50 0U/ml;3TC <30 0 μmol/L时 ,对小鼠早期胚胎发育基本无抑制作用。结论　在正常治疗剂量下 ,IFNα和 3TC对早期胚胎发育无影响