老年亲属供肾肾移植临床效果分析

目的 了解老年人供肾亲属肾移植临床效果. 方法 回顾性分析我院肾移植科2005年11月至2011年6月亲属活体肾移植的临床资料,按供者情况分为老年亲属供肾组36例(老年组),非老年亲属供肾组208例(非老年组).比较两组受者术后3d、7d、1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月、36个月血肌酐(SCr)水平和外科并发症、急性排斥、钙调磷酸酶抑制剂(CNI)肾毒性、移植肾功能延迟(DGF)发生率,并观察1年、3年人和(或)肾存活率. 结果 老年组受者SCr术后3d为(245.2±135.2)μmol/L、7d为(150.5±86.8)μmol/L、1个月为(140.6±42.5)μmol/L,高于非老年组的(185.6±148.4)μmol/L、(122.2±136.8)μmol/L、(117.8±33.2)μmol/L(分别为t=84.07、31.90、21.54,均P=0.000);CNI肾毒性发生率分别为22.2％(8/36)、1.9％(4/208),差异有统计学意义(x2=27.04,P=0.000);但两组受者术后3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月、36个月SCr水平和外科并发症、急性排斥、DGF发生率及1年、3年人和(或)肾存活率比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05). 结论 术前对老年供者进行严格筛选和综合评估,健康老年人亲属供者不应作为供者禁忌;但对老年人供肾亲属肾移植受者应注意CNI肾毒性.     

右美托嘧啶对脑外伤患儿围术期血浆NSE的影响

目的观察右美托嘧啶对重度颅脑外伤患儿血浆神经烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)的影响。方法 40例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级的重度颅脑损伤患儿,随机分为对照组(C组)和右美托嘧啶组(D组),观察并记录诱导前T0、手术开始2hT1、术毕T2、术后12hT3时间点血浆NSE含量的变化。结果与C组相比,D组T1-3各时间点血浆NSE的水平组间比较明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与T0时相比,C组T1、2、3时血浆NSE水平逐渐增高,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),D组T1、2、3时血浆NSE水平逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论右美托嘧啶可以降低颅脑损伤患儿围术期血浆NSE水平,可能有脑保护作用。     

DNA extraction from fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded human brain tissue

Both fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed,paraffinembedded（FFPE）human brain tissues are invaluable resources for molecular genetic studies of central nervous system diseases,especially neurodegenerative disorders.To identify the optimal method for DNA extraction from human brain tissue,we compared methods on differently-processed tissues.Fragments of LRRK2 and MAPT（257 bp and 483 bp/245 bp）were amplified for evaluation.We found that for FFPE samples,the success rate of DNA extraction was greater when using a commercial kit than a laboratory-based method（successful DNA extraction from 76%versus 33%of samples）.PCR amplicon size and storage period were key factors influencing the success rate of DNA extraction from FFPE samples.In the fresh-frozen samples,the DNA extraction success rate was 100%using either a commercial kit（QIAamp DNA Micro）or a laboratorybased method（sample boiling in 0.1 mol/L NaOH,followed by proteinase K digestion,and then DNA extraction using Chelex-100）regardless of PCR amplicon length or tissue storage time.Although the present results demonstrate that PCR-amplifiable genomic DNA can be extracted from both fresh-frozen and FFPE samples,fresh brain tissue is recommended for DNA extraction in future neuropathological studies.     

Polarity-dependent effect of low-frequency stimulation on amygdaloid kindling in rats

BackgroundLow-frequency stimulation (LFS, <5 Hz) has been proposed as an alternative option for the treatment of epilepsy. The stimulation pole, anode and cathode, may make different contributions to the anti-epileptic effect of LFS.ObjectiveTo determine whether electrode polarity influences the anti-epileptic effect of LFS at the kindling focus in amygdaloid kindling rats.MethodsThe effect of bipolar and monopolar (or unipolar) LFS at the amygdala in different polarity directions on amygdaloid kindling acquisition, kindled seizures and electroencephalogram (EEG) were tested.ResultsBipolar LFS in the same direction of polarity as the kindling stimulation but not in the reverse direction retarded kindling acquisition. Anodal rather than cathodal monopolar LFS attenuated kindling acquisition and kindled seizures. Bipolar LFS showed a stronger anti-epileptic effect than monopolar LFS. Furthermore, anodal LFS (both bipolar and monopolar) decreased, while cathodal LFS increased the power of the EEG from the amygdala; the main changes in power were in the delta (0.5–4 Hz) band, which was specifically increased during kindling acquisition.ConclusionsOur results provide the first evidence that the effect of LFS at the kindling focus on amygdaloid kindling in rats is polarity-dependent, and this may be due to the different effects of anodal and cathodal LFS on the activity in the amygdala, especially on the delta band activity. So, It is likely that the electrode polarity, especially that for anodal current, is a key factor affecting the clinical effects of LFS on epilepsy.     

A-FABP and Oxidative Stress Underlie the Impairment of Endothelium-Dependent Relaxations to Serotonin and the Intima-Medial Thickening in the Porcine Coronary Artery with Regenerated Endothelium

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