Characteristics of different isolates of Schistosoma japonicum from China in the final hosts

The present paper deals with the susceptibility of common laboratory animals, such as mouse, rat, hamster, jird, rabbit and rhesus monkey, to infection with different isolates of Schistosoma japonicum in the mainland of China under laboratory conditions. With the exception of the rat, all the animals under study were permissive hosts for different isolates though their worm recovery rates varied. The mean body length of pair-worms of the Yunnan isolate was considerably smaller than that of the Anhui, Hubei, Guangxi and Sichuan isolates, and the percentage of male specimens with 7 testes in the Yunnan isolate was also significantly less than that in the other 4 isolates. Judging from the egg index (width/length x 100), the eggs of the Sichuan isolate were broad and short in shape, giving a high index; those of Guangxi and Hubei isolates were oblong, giving the lowest index; the other two isolates from Yunnan and Anhui, lay between these two extremes. The mean prepatent periods were longer in mice, hamsters and rhesus monkeys infected with Yunnan and Guangxi isolates, than those with Sichuan isolate. A dendrogram of the 5 isolates of S. japonicum was constructed on the basis of similarity coefficients by means of fuzzy cluster analysis on the biological characters mentioned above. Our results provide evidence of the existence of different strains of S. japonicum in the mainland of China as shown by comparative studies of their characteristics in the final hosts.     

Altered genetic response to beta-adrenergic receptor activation in late passage C6 glioma cells.

Previous studies have demonstrated variability in the phenotype of rat C6 glioma cells. In the present study, we compared morphology, growth rate, and beta-adrenergic regulation of gene expression in early (P39-47) and late (P55-90) passage C6 cells. Morphological changes were observed in five independently derived, late passage populations. In four of the five, the untreated cells were more polygonal than the fibroblast-like parental cells, and only a small fraction exhibited process outgrowth after dbcAMP treatment. Untreated cells from the fifth late passage population had longer cytoplasmic processes than parental cells and responded to dbcAMP with further process outgrowth. All late passage populations had shorter generation times than the parental cells. In early passage cells, treatment with the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol (IPR), resulted in an increase in c-fos mRNA and a decrease in c-jun mRNA (Gu-bits RM, Yu H: J Neurosci Res, 30:625-630, 1991). Both of these immediate early gene responses were irreversibly lost between P50 and P55. Additional differences in basal or IPR-induced mRNA levels were observed for beta-APP, GFAP, NGF, and PPE, but not for a number of other mRNAs. These results are discussed in relationship to previously described differences in the ability of early and late passage C6 cells to accumulate cAMP (Mallorga P, et al.: Biochim Biophys Acta 678:221-229, 1981).     

Antipeptide antibodies against the 5-HT1A receptor.

The availability of the primary amino acid sequence for a large number of molecules provides a fruitful opportunity for their cellular localization by utilizing the procedure of antipeptide antibody formation. This procedure permits a synthetic peptide sequence to be attached to a carrier molecule for the purpose of inoculating an animal to raise specific antibodies against the selected protein sequence. In this report we describe a number of steps that can be taken to increase the likelihood that the selected peptide sequence will be specific and antigenic. In addition, we describe how the peptides are synthesized, purified and coupled to keyhold limpet hemocyanin. The preparation of the antibody and its characterization are also presented in this method report. The immunocytochemical staining at both the light and ultrastructural level with serotonin (5-HT1A) receptor antipeptide antibodies is discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of this procedure are summarized.     

右心室不同部位起搏血液动力学改变的研究

目的：根据右心室不同部位起搏时血液动力学改变，研究选择置入右心室双部位起搏器辅助治疗心脏扩大合并充血性心力衰竭(CHF)，观察临床效果及心脏功能；方法：对13例在心内科住院的扩张型心肌病、缺血性心肌病、心动过速性心肌病所致心力衰竭的患者，男9侈4，女4侈4，年龄36岁～75岁(平均58．61岁)，心功能均在Ⅲ级～Ⅳ级(NYHA)，均有置入起搏器的适应证。术中通过Swan—ganz漂浮导管对右心室内不同部位起搏10分钟后测各部位的急性血液动力学改变，然后置入右心室双部位起搏器(右室流出道应用主动固定电极)。术后应用心电图、超声心动图观察右心室双部位起搏的血液动力学效果；结果：全组13例患者术中检查及置入右心室双部位起搏器均获成功。测得右心室流出道起搏(RV—OT)和右室心尖部(RVA) 右室流出道(RVOT)起搏时各参数均较单纯右室心尖部(RVA)为好。置入心脏起搏器后观察射血分数从0．31提高至0．39，左室充盈时间延长，二尖瓣返流量减少，心脏缩小，心脏功能平均提高Ⅱ级。其中一例心功能由Ⅳ级提高至I级～Ⅱ级；结论：初步血液动力学观察提示，右心室双部位起搏能改善充血性心力衰竭患者的心功能。     

重组人生长激素在重型颅脑损伤中的应用

目的探讨重组的人生长激素(rhGH)在重型颅脑损伤患者中的应用价值。方法46例重型颅脑损伤患者在肠内、肠外营养支持的基础上分成rhGH组与对照组,rhGH组伤后第7天每日皮下注射思增8IU,共10d。应用后第7、14日检测血清总蛋白、白蛋白、转铁蛋白及前白蛋白。结果rhGH组(n=20)第14天血清总蛋白、白蛋白、转铁蛋白及前白蛋白浓度高于对照组(n=26)(P<0.05)。结论重型颅脑损伤患者应用rhGH能改善机体对营养底物的利用率,促进蛋白合成、减轻重型颅脑损伤后低蛋白血症。     

肠外营养与生长激素联合应用对外科大手术术后患者蛋白代谢的影响

目的观察肠外营养与生长激素联合应用对大手术术后患者蛋白代谢的影响。方法将拟实施外科大手术(四类以上手术)熏APACHE-Ⅱ评分>7分的患者30例,入院后随机分为3组熏A组穴n=10雪押肠外营养治疗与生长激素穴金磊赛增雪联合治疗组(PN+GH)鸦B组穴n=10雪押肠外营养治疗组(PN)鸦C组穴n=10雪押正常补液组。其中A组在术后第2天开始给予生长激素皮下肌注,连续7d。结果术后8d内,B、C组患者均处于负氮平衡状态,血清白蛋白与胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)维持较低水平,A组在术后5d机体开始恢复氮平衡,血清白蛋白与IGF-Ⅰ水平逐渐上升,A组与B、C组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论较大的外科手术打击后,单纯给予常规的肠外营养要素不能被机体有效的利用,GH能够提高机体对肠外营养要素的利用率,促进机体蛋白合成。     

男性激素避孕临床研究的某些进展

随着社会的发展 ,迫切需要研制可供男性选用、安全高效、可复性和可接受性均好的避孕药。男性激素类避孕是当今最有前途的方法之一 ,其基本原理是通过外源性激素来抑制垂体促性腺激素和睾丸内睾酮的合成与分泌 ,进而抑制精子发生 ;同时给予的外源雄激素维持男性性征和性功能。研究中的男性激素避孕方法 ,包括单用雄激素、雄激素与孕激素合用、GnRH类似物与雄激素合用、激素相关的免疫途径等 ,寻求更长效、使用更方便、副作用小的雄激素制剂也是当今研究的重点之一     

血清TPS浓度在消化道肿瘤中价值的研究

共选择３０例消化道肿瘤病人，其中食管癌，胃癌，大肠癌各１０例，设健康献血者３０例，对两组血清特异型组织多肽抗原浓度进行了检测，结果肿瘤组血清ＴＰＳ浓度明显高于健康人。消化道肿瘤阳性检出经达７０％，其中食管癌８０％，胃癌６０％，大肠癌７０％。消化道肿瘤合并淋巴转移阳性检出率达７６．９％，其中食管癌１００％，胃癌６６．７％，大肠癌７０．０％。随着病程发展，血清ＴＰＳ浓度呈现升高趋势。