Analgesic use and the risk of kidney cancer: A meta‐analysis of epidemiologic studies

Analgesics are the most commonly used over‐the‐counter drugs worldwide with certain analgesics having cancer prevention effect. The evidence for an increased risk of developing kidney cancer with analgesic use is mixed. Using a meta‐analysis design of available observational epidemiologic studies, we investigated the association between analgesic use and kidney cancer risk. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify eligible case–control or cohort studies published in English until June 2012 for three categories of analgesics: acetaminophen, aspirin or other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Study‐specific effect estimates were pooled to compute an overall relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random‐effects model for each category of the analgesics. We identified 20 studies (14 with acetaminophen, 13 with aspirin and five with other NSAIDs) that were performed in six countries, including 8,420 cases of kidney cancer. Use of acetaminophen and non‐aspirin NSAIDs were associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer (pooled RR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.15–1.44 and 1.25; 95% CI: 1.06–1.46, respectively). For aspirin use, we found no overall increased risk (pooled RR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.95–1.28), except for non‐US studies (five studies, pooled RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.04–1.33). Similar increases in risks were seen with higher analgesic intake. In this largest meta‐analysis to date, we found that acetaminophen and non‐aspirin NSAIDs are associated with a significant risk of developing kidney cancer. Further work is needed to elucidate biologic mechanisms behind these findings.     

健康教育在针灸减肥中的应用

目的探讨健康教育在针灸减肥中的应用效果。方法对122例单纯性肥胖症病人,采用穴位针刺电针、穴位埋线、耳穴贴压等减肥治疗,30 d为1个疗程,共3个疗程,针灸期间同时实施相关减肥知识教育。观察治疗3个疗程后病人治疗的效果。结果本组122例单纯性肥胖症病人显效77例(63.1%),有效36例(29.5%),无效9例(7.4%),总有效率为92.6%。结论健康教育在针灸减肥中起着重要作用,可提高减肥效果,值得临床推广应用。     

颗粒物PM10和CD4+T淋巴细胞IL-4 DNA甲基化在儿童变应性鼻炎发病机制中的研究

目的　探讨大气污染PM10对变应性鼻炎儿童CD4+T淋巴细胞IL-4基因启动子区域甲基化的表观遗传调控及相关转录水平表达的影响。方法　选择2012年上海儿童医学中心耳鼻咽喉科就诊的35例6～12岁变应性鼻炎患儿随访1年,收集血样及设立匹配对照组（30例）,进行IL-4基因启动子区域甲基化克隆测序及mRNA表达水平检测。评估PM2.5和PM10的个人综合暴露。结果　变应性鼻炎组CD4+T淋巴细胞中IL-4基因启动子区域平均甲基化程度低于对照组（P =0.038）;其中-48、+54甲基化程度有差异（P =0.041、0.032）;变应性鼻炎组IL-4转录水平升高（P =0.039）,与其平均DNA甲基化水平呈负相关（r =-0.452,P =0.032）。转录水平与对照组无显著性差异。校正后,变应性鼻炎儿童PM10暴露与其IL-4基因启动子区域甲基化程度呈负相关（r 2=0.419,β=-0.470,SD =0.781,P =0.045）。结论　变应性鼻炎儿童IL-4基因启动子区域低甲基化水平可能受到PM10影响。     

Decorin‐expressing adenovirus decreases collagen synthesis and upregulates MMP expression in keloid fibroblasts and keloid spheroids

Decorin is a natural transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) antagonist. Reduced decorin synthesis is associated with dermal scarring, and increased decorin expression appears to reduce scar tissue formation. To investigate the therapeutic potential of decorin for keloids, human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and keloid‐derived fibroblasts (KFs) were transduced with decorin‐expressing adenovirus (dE1‐RGD/GFP/DCN), and we examined the therapeutic potential of decorin‐expressing Ad for treating pathologic skin fibrosis. Decorin expression was examined by immunofluorescence assay on keloid tissues. HDFs and KFs were transduced with dE1‐RGD/GFP/DCN or control virus, and protein levels of decorin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and secreted TGF‐β1 were assessed by Western blotting and ELISA. And type I and III collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) and matrix metalloproteinase‐3 (MMP‐3) mRNA levels were measured by real‐time RT‐PCR. Additionally, we immunohistochemically investigated the expression levels of the major extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in keloid spheroids transduced with dE1‐RGD/GFP/DCN. Lower decorin expression was observed in the keloid region compared to adjacent normal tissues. After treatment with dE1‐RGD/GFP/DCN, secreted TGF‐β1 and EGFR protein expressions were decreased in TGF‐β1‐treated HDFs and KFs. Also, type I and III collagen mRNA levels were decreased, and the expression of MMP‐1 and MMP‐3 mRNA was strongly upregulated. In addition, the expression of type I and III collagen, fibronectin and elastin was significantly reduced in dE1‐RGD/GFP/DCN‐transduced keloid spheroids. These results support the utility of decorin‐expressing adenovirus to reduce collagen synthesis in KFs and keloid spheroid, which may be highly beneficial in treating keloids.     

Nuts and legumes consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

European Journal of Epidemiology - Several case–control and prospective cohort studies have examined the association between the consumption of nuts and legumes and the risk of colorectal...     

内镜难治性胃肠道出血介入诊疗的安全性和有效性

目的评价内镜难治性胃肠道出血介入诊疗的安全性和有效性。方法对31例内镜难治性胃肠道出血患者行DSA检查,明确出血部位后行出血动脉栓塞治疗,并评价其安全性和疗效。结果血管造影发现出血阳性率为80.65%(25/31),28例行栓塞止血治疗,1次栓塞止血成功率75.00%(21/28),2次栓塞总成功率82.14%(23/28)。7例介入术后行外科手术,包括2例空肠间质瘤及5例胃恶性肿瘤。4例胃恶性肿瘤患者介入术后30日内再发间断出血,其中2例因基础疾病致心肺衰竭死亡。除1例胃肠吻合术后吻合口出血患者栓塞止血术后出现吻合口瘘,经支持治疗后恢复出院,余患者未出现严重胃肠缺血坏死。结论介入诊疗对胃肠道出血的诊断及止血治疗高效、安全,尤其对胃恶性肿瘤出血亦能取得良好效果,可作为内镜难治性胃肠道出血的一种较好的诊治手段。     

C2-ceramide influences alveolar epithelial barrier function by downregulating Zo-1, occludin and claudin-4 expression

Noncardiogenic lung edema is a key factor affecting the prognosis of acute lung injury (ALI). Previous studies have been focused on regulatory roles of ceramide on lung vascular endothelial barrier functions and had already identified ceramide as mediator involved in the formation of lung edema. However, the effects of ceramide on lung epithelial barrier were still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ceramide on the barrier function of alveolar epithelial cells. Primary mouse alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII) were grown on Transwell polyester membranes to construct monolayer, and stimulated with different concentrations of ceramide. Transepithelial resistance (TER) was measured to assess the epithelial cell permeability. Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of tight junction, respectively. After incubation with different concentrations of c2-ceramide, TER of AECII monolayer decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, expressions of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-4 were significantly reduced by c2-ceramide in the study. This study demonstrated that ceramide could increase alveolar epithelial cell monolayer permeability by downregulation of tight junction proteins. Therefore, modulation of ceramide expression may serve as a new therapeutic approach to treat acute lung injury.     

个性化护理随访在先天性小耳畸形耳廓再造中的应用评价

目的探讨个性化护理随访在先天性小耳畸形耳廓再造中的应用。方法本研究为随机对照试验。选取2018年1月至2020年1月广东省第二人民医院收治的先天性小耳畸形患儿120例作为研究对象, 均给予全耳廓再造术治疗。按随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组, 各60例。对照组男51例、女9例, 年龄(8.2±1.9)岁, 给予常规护理;观察组男43例、女17例, 年龄(8.4±2.1)岁, 给予常规护理加个性化护理随访。对比两组患儿术后并发症发生率, 包括再造耳外形臃肿、耳支架外露、切口感染等;同时对两组患儿进行固定时间随访, 于不同时间点对比两组患儿家属满意度。采用χ2检验、独立样本t检验。结果经护理后, 观察组不良反应发生率为1.7%(1/60), 低于对照组13.3%(8/60), 差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.886, P=0.015)。观察组患儿家属总满意度为100.0%(60/60), 高于对照组90.0%(54/60), 差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.316, P=0.012)。结论个性化护理随访在先天性小耳畸形耳廓再造中可显著降低并发症发生率, 并提高患儿家属满意度。     

Cardiometabolic Indices after Weight Loss with Calcium or Dairy Foods: Secondary Analyses from a Randomized Trial with Overweight/Obese Postmenopausal Women

The role of dairy foods and calcium/vitamin D supplements in cardiometabolic diseases is unknown. The objective of this secondary analysis is to investigate cardiometabolic risk factors changes after a 6-month weight-loss intervention in overweight/obese postmenopausal women divided in three groups: Ca+vitamin D supplements (S); low-fat dairy foods (D; 4–5 servings/day); or control/placebo pills (C), as complements to hypocaloric diets. The original study focused on bone/body composition. This analysis included blood pressure (BP), and serum triglycerides, lipids (including apoproteins Apo1 and ApoB), adipokines, and C-reactive protein in n = 97 participants who finished with complete data points. Systolic BP decreased 5.1%, 4.8%, and 1.8% in S, D, and C groups, respectively (p < 0.05 for S and D vs. baseline and vs. C at 6 months). Reduction in triglycerides and ratio of total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C) was the highest in S, while the reduction in TC and LDL-C was the highest in D group (all p < 0.05). Leptin and ApoB significantly decreased and adiponectin and ApoA1 increased in all groups. In conclusion, although the C group’s participants experienced an improvement in some of the cardiometabolic indices with weight loss, those in the S and D groups showed significantly better results in most of the outcomes, indicating the beneficial effects of low-fat dairy foods and/or Ca+vitamin D intake as complements to a hypocaloric diet.     

经肝动脉灌注榄香烯联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗不可切除肝癌的疗效观察

目的:观察经肝动脉灌注榄香烯联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗不可切除肝癌的近期疗效及不良反应.方法:选取我院2015年1月至2016年10月收治的48例不可切除的肝癌患者,将其随机分为观察组24例和对照组24例,对照组给予TACE治疗(雷替曲塞3 mg/m2、奥沙利铂100 mg/m2、表柔比星40 mg/m2),...