Rapid leukocyte integrin activation by chemokines

Summary: Chemokines control selective targeting of circulating leukocytes to the microvasculature by triggering inside-out signal transduction pathways leading to integrin-dependent adhesion. Integrin activation by chemokines is very rapid, is downmodulated within minutes and appears to involve both enhanced heterodimer lateral mobility on the plasma membrane, facilitating encounters with dispersed ligand, as well as induction of a high-affinity state. These two modalities of integrin activation by chemokines involve distinct signaling pathways in the cell, yet complement each other functionally, allowing binding of rolling cells under conditions of low as well as high ligand density. Recent data show that chemokines generate both pro- and anti-adhesive intracellular signaling events, whose equilibrium is likely to be relevant to the kinetics of adhesion and de-adhesion, and to cell movement during diapedesis and chemotaxis. Importantly, chemokines utilize different signaling mechanisms to modulate the activity of distinct integrin subtypes. These recent advances suggest that chemokines may regulate adhesive responses of immune cells based not only on patterns of chemokine receptor expression, but also on variable signaling pathways that can modulate the pro-adhesive responses of leukocytes as a function of their differentiated state, and of the local microenvironment.     

大鼠脑皮质微血管内皮细胞培养和形态学观察

为获取较纯净脑微血管内皮细胞进行血脑屏障的病理生理研究，我们采用脑组织匀浆、过滤和酶消化技术分离大鼠脑微血管，对分离的脑微血管内皮细胞进行了体外培养和形态学观察。倒置显微镜下，细胞具有单层“卵石样”排列的典型特征、电镜观察可见细胞间连接，免疫酶技术显示，95％以上的细胞为第Ⅷ因子相关抗原反应阳性，进一步证实为血管内皮细胞。     

47例骨髓穿刺干抽的临床和病理分析

分析４７例骨髓穿刺干抽的临床和病理改变，干抽占同期１３１９例骨穿的３．６％。根据骨髓细胞的密度和间质纤维增殖的程度，把干抽的原因分为４类：高细胞伴间质细胞增多者１９例（４２．２％）；间质细胞增多者１４例（３１．１％）；高细胞者８例（１７．８％）及低细胞者４例（８．９％）。主要疾病为：急性淋巴细胞白血病（２５．５％），急性非淋巴细胞白血病（１７．０％），慢性白血病（１４．９％），骨髓转移瘤（１０．６     

Effect of combined supplementation with vitamin E and alpha-lipoic acid on myocardial performance during in vivo ischaemia-reperfusion

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute significantly to myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Recently the combination of the antioxidants vitamin E (VE) and alpha-lipoic acid (alpha-LA) has been reported to improve cardiac performance and reduce myocardial lipid peroxidation during in vitro I-R. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the effects of VE and alpha-LA supplementation on cardiac performance, incidence of dysrhythmias and biochemical alterations during an in vivo myocardial I-R insult. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (4-months old) were assigned to one of the two dietary treatments: (1) control diet (CON) or (2) VE and alpha-LA supplementation (ANTIOXID). The CON diet was prepared to meet AIN-93M standards, which contains 75 IU VE kg-1 diet. The ANTIOXID diet contained 10 000 IU VE kg(-1) diet and 1.65 g alpha-LA kg(-1) diet. After the 14-week feeding period, significant differences (P<0.05) existed in mean myocardial VE levels between dietary groups. Animals in each experimental group were subjected to an in vivo I-R protocol which included 25 min of left anterior coronary artery occlusion followed by 10 min of reperfusion. No group differences (P>0.05) existed in cardiac performance (e.g. peak arterial pressure or ventricular work) or the incidence of ventricular dysrhythmias during the I-R protocol. Following I-R, two markers of lipid peroxidation were lower (P<0.05) in the ANTIOXID animals compared with CON. These data indicate that dietary supplementation of the antioxidants, VE and alpha-LA do not influence cardiac performance or the incidence of dysrhythmias but do decrease lipid peroxidation during in vivo I-R in young adult rats.     

Evaluation of Etest MBL for detection of blaIMP-1 and blaVIM-2 allele-positive clinical isolates of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp

The Etest MBL (AB BIODISK, Solna, Sweden) correctly differentiated all 57 isolates of Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the bla(IMP-1) allele and 135 of 137 (98.5%) Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolates with the bla(VIM-2) allele. The Etest MBL was reliable for detecting the IMP-1- and VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter isolates.     

小鼠甲胎蛋白与结核杆菌热休克蛋白70基因融合载体的构建及体外表达

目的 构建小鼠甲胎蛋白(α-Fetoprotein，AFP)与结核杆菌热休克蛋白70(Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 70，Mt．HSP70)基因融合载体．并研究其在真核细胞中的表达情况。方法 以pcDNA3.1为基本单位构建AFP及HSP70的融合表达载体，融合基因以G-S-G-G-S连接子连接；用脂质体将系列载体导入COS-7细胞．48h后以免疫化学方法检测其表达。结果 构建的AFP和HSP70的单独及融合表达载体导入COS-7细胞48h后经RT-PCR检测可扩增出相应片段，细胞免疫化学染色为阳性。结论 AFP和HSP70的单独及融合表达载体构建成功，并能在真核细胞中表达。     

恶性上皮性肿瘤中CK20的表达及其临床意义

目的　研究单克隆抗体CK2 0在恶性上皮性肿瘤和卵巢转移性腺癌组织中的表达及其意义。方法　应用S P法对鼻咽非角化性癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌、肺的鳞癌和腺癌、卵巢黏液性囊腺癌、胃腺癌和结肠直肠腺癌各组总计 6 7例和 4 1例分别进行了CK2 0和CK19检测。结果　CK2 0阳性率 :肺腺癌 1/ 7(14 3% ) ,卵巢浆液性和黏液性腺癌 3/ 12 (33 3% ) ,胃腺癌 3/ 9(33 3% ) ,结肠直肠腺癌组 2 1/ 2 2 (95 5 % ) ,其他癌组织均呈阴性。结肠直肠腺癌组组与其他各组间比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。CK19在上述 4 1例癌组织中均呈强阳性表达。结论　CK2 0表达对鉴别结肠腺癌和直肠腺癌与肺腺癌和乳腺浸润性导管癌具有高度特异性和较高的敏感性 ;CK2 0高表达对鉴别卵巢原发性腺癌与卵巢的结肠腺癌或直肠腺癌转移具有一定的意义     

Spontaneous disruption of mycotic aneurysm involving innominate artery

We report a case of ruptured mycotic aneurysm involving innominate artery requiring an urgent surgical treatment. A 62-yr-old woman presented with fever and dyspnea. Previously, she was diagnosed with colon cancer and received right hemicolectomy and one cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy. On echocardiogram, pericardial effusion was noted and emergency pericardiocentesis was performed. CT scan revealed aortic aneurysm involving ascending aorta and innominate artery, and thrombi surrounding those structures. Patch repair of the defect in the ascending aorta and ringed Goretex graft to bypass the innominate and ascending aorta were performed. We believe that this is the first case of ruptured mycotic aneurysm involving innominate artery.     

Use of tri-gas incubator for routine culture of Campylobacter species from fecal specimens.

We evaluated a tri-gas incubator for Campylobacter isolation to be used instead of an anaerobic jar. Fecal specimens were cultured in duplicate onto charcoal selective medium and incubated at 43 degrees C for 48 h in two different environments: a tri-gas incubator (Forma Scientific) adjusted to provide an atmosphere of 10% CO2, 10% O2, and the balance N2; and evacuated anaerobic jars with a replacement gas mixture of 10% CO2, 5% O2, and 85% N2. A total of 106 Campylobacter jejuni and 8 Campylobacter coli isolates were obtained from 2,348 stool specimens. Of the positive specimens, 113 isolates came from the incubator and 111 isolates came from the anaerobic jars. An additional 32 previously positive specimens were replated onto charcoal selective medium and retested by both methods. We recovered 27 C. jejuni isolates, 26 isolates by each method. The isolates from the incubator typically produced discrete colonies, while the isolates from the anaerobic jar showed some degree of swarming in colony formation. The tri-gas incubator provided a cost-effective method for culturing Campylobacter spp.